Rutin prevents memory impairment by reducing brain oxidative stress and fungal burden in a rat model of cryptococcosis.

The aim of this study was to examine whether intraperitoneal (ip) rutin administration is able to reduce or prevent var. induced brain damage, as well as lower fungal burden in male Wistar rats. Inhibitory avoidance tasks revealed memory impairments in rats experimentally infected with var.

Rutin inhibits inflammatory responses by modulating purinergic enzymes and purine metabolism in Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii-infected rats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether intraperitoneally administration of 50 mg rutin/kg body weight exerts a protective effect against Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii-induced inflammatory damage by modulating serum purinergic enzymes and molecules. In a study, rats treated with a saline solution and infected with C.

Role of Microencapsulated Essential Oil and Pepper Resin in the Diet of Cows in the Third Lactation Phase on Immunological Pathways.

The objective was to determine whether dairy cows may activate traditional and alternative inflammatory pathways by consuming a combination of a phytogenic diet (essential oil and pepper resin). Twenty pregnant Jersey cows in the final (third) lactation phase (260 days in milk) were divided into two groups: control, with no additive consumption, and test, with the addition of the phytogenic to the concentrate portion of the diet (150 mg/day/kg dry matter). Blood samples were collected on experimental days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 by coccygeal vein puncture to assess the complete blood count, serum biochemistry of levels of total protein, albumin, and globulin, as well as carbohydrate metabolism (glucose), lipid metabolism (cholesterol and triglycerides), protein metabolism (urea), activities of hepatic enzymes (gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)), cytokine levels (interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10), antioxidant response [thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reactive oxygen species (ROS), total thiol (PSH), and non-protein thiol (NPSH), and glutathione S(GST)], cholinergic system [total cholinesterase (ChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)], purinergic signaling [NTPDase, 5'ectonucleotidase and adenosine deaminase (ADA)], and energetic metabolism enzymes [creatine kinase (CK), pyruvate kinase (PK), and adenylate kinase (AK)].

Rutin attenuates oxidative damage-induced renal injury in rats experimentally infected with Cryptococcus neoformans by improving antioxidant capacity and reducing fungal burden.

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of infectious diseases, contributing to pathogenesis and the appearance of clinical symptoms. However, the involvement of oxidative stress in renal cryptococcosis remains unknown, as do the potential protective effects of rutin. Cryptococcus neoformans is considered the main agent of cryptococcosis, a systemic life-threatening opportunistic fungal disease that affects internal organs.

Organic Zinc and Selenium Supplementation of Late Lactation Dairy Cows: Effects on Milk and Serum Minerals Bioavailability, Animal Health and Milk Quality.

This study determined whether organic zinc and selenium supplementation of late lactation dairy cows positively affects immunity, oxidative status, milk quality (especially mineral levels), biochemical and hematologic parameters, and production efficiency. Twenty Jersey cows were divided into three groups: Control (n = 6)-without organic supplementation; Zinc (n = 7)-zinc supplementation (zinc amino acid chelate) and Selenium (n = 7)-selenium supplementation (selenium amino acid complex). The basal diet contained inorganic minerals.

Protium heptaphyllum essential oil from the fruit as a sedative and anesthetic in Rhamdia quelen: influence in cardiac frequency, biochemical, and oxidative parameters.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Protium heptaphyllum fruit essential oil (PHEO) on the physiology of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) during anesthesia and recovery, through studying echocardiograms, oxidative status, and metabolic parameters. Three experiments were performed: (1) 50 silver catfish juveniles were submitted to anesthesia and recovery tests with 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700 mg L of PHEO. (2) Echocardiogram analysis was performed in anesthetized and non-anesthetized fish.

Impairment on fillet fatty acid profile and oxidative damage in pirarucu, Arapaima gigas, acutely exposed to extreme ambient temperature.

Climatic events are affecting the Amazon basin and according to projections it is predicted the intensification of climate changes through increases in temperature and carbon dioxide (CO). Recent evidence has revealed that exposure to an extreme climate scenario elicits oxidative damage in some fish species, impairing their metabolism and physiology, contributing to their susceptibility. Thus, the comprehension of physiological alterations in Arapaima gigas (pirarucu) to the climatic changes forecasted for the next 100 years is important to evaluate its capability to deal with oxidative stress.

β-Cyclodextrins alter the energy metabolism-related enzyme activities in rats.

Although widely used in medicine, separation technology, and other fields, the effects of cyclodextrins on the activities of phosphoryl transfer enzymes have not been previously evaluated. In vivo studies evaluated the function of cyclodextrins as active compounds. Despite the use of cyclodextrins as active compounds, the effects of cyclodextrins on hepatic and renal tissues remain to be fully elucidated.

Microencapsulated herbal components in the diet of Lacaune ewes: impacts on physiology and milk production and quality.

This study aimed to determine whether the addition of a microencapsulated herbal blend (MHB) based on thymol, carvacrol, and cinnamaldehyde in dairy sheep feed would improve production efficiency, milk quality, and animal health. Thirty lactating Lacaune ewes were divided into three groups: Control (T0), 150 mg blend/kg of feed (T150), and 250 mg blend/kg of feed (T250). Milk was measured before the beginning of the experiment (d 0), at the end of the adaptation period (d 15), and during the experiment (d 20).

Addition of a Blend Based on Zinc Chloride and Lignans of Magnolia in the Diet of Broilers to Substitute for a Conventional Antibiotic: Effects on Intestinal Health, Meat Quality, and Performance.

This study aimed to determine whether adding a blend based on zinc chloride and lignans from magnolia to the diet of broilers could replace conventional performance enhancers. For this study, 360 chickens were divided into four groups, with six repetitions per group (n = 15), as follows: CN, without promoter; GPC, control, 50 mg/kg of enramycin growth promoter; T-50, additive blend at a dose of 50 g/ton; and T-100, additive blend at a dose of 100 g/ton. Chickens fed with the additive blend at 50 g/ton showed a production efficiency index equal to that in the GPC group (p < 0.

Addition of açai oil during the close-up dry period of Holstein cows improves colostrum quality and immune responses of their calves.

This study evaluated of the effects of açai oil during the close-up dry period of Holstein cows on colostrum quality, as well as on the immune and antioxidant responses of their calves. Sixteen multiparous cows were assigned randomly to two treatments: 1) CONTROL (n = 8) - 4.48% of soybean oil/concentrate; 2) AÇAI (n =8) - 4.

Trypanosoma vivax infection in dairy cattle: Parasitological and serological diagnosis and its relationship with the percentage of red blood cells.

Trypanosoma vivax is an emerging infectious agent in Brazil. Trypanosomosis kills cattle, especially in regions where the protozoan is unknown and herd immunity does not occur. The present study aims to report infection by T.

Dietary supplementation with nerolidol improves the antioxidant capacity and muscle fatty acid profile of Brycon amazonicus exposed to acute heat stress.

An increase in water temperature in the Amazon River has elicited concerns about commercially important fish species associated with food security, such as matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus). Studies have demonstrated the positive effects of diets supplemented with plant-based products that combat heat stress-induced oxidative damage. The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary supplementation with nerolidol prevents or reduces muscle oxidative damage and impairment of the fillet fatty acid profile of matrinxã exposed to heat stress.

Protective effects of silymarin in broiler feed contaminated by mycotoxins: growth performance, meat antioxidant status, and fatty acid profiles.

The aim of this study was to determine whether the inclusion of silymarin in broiler feed was able to mitigate the adverse effects of mycotoxin on growth performance, health status, liver oxidative stress, and meat fatty acid profiles. A completely randomized design with four treatments, four repetitions, and 15 chicks per repetition was used, with the following groups: (a) feed without additives (NoMyc-NoSil), (b) feed supplemented with silymarin (NoMyc-Sil), (c) feed contaminated with mycotoxin (Myc-NoSil), and (d) feed contaminated with mycotoxin and supplemented with silymarin (Myc-Sil). Growth performance, intestinal and liver health, and meat quality were assessed.

Dietary supplementation with curcumin-loaded nanocapsules in lambs: Nanotechnology as a new tool for nutrition.

Curcumin-containing nanocapsule powder formulations have not been used in ruminant feed to date, despite the fact that curcumin is known to be a functional food additive. The objective of this study was to determine whether ethyl polymethacrylate (Eudragit L-100) nanocapsules loaded with curcumin (N-CU) would improve health and growth of lambs. Thirty-two male Lacaune lambs (body weight [BW] = 16 ± 0.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus using an alternative molecular method and evaluation of biochemical, hematological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress in healthcare professionals.

In early December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by a new strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), occurred in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern. Since then, frontline healthcare professionals have been experiencing extremely stressful situations and damage to their physical and mental health.

Positive effects of biocholine powder dietary supplementation on milk production and quality, and antioxidant responses in lactating ewes: A new nutritional tool.

We determined whether the dietary supplementation with a commercial product (vegetable biocholine - VB) for Lacaune ewes at peak lactation would improve animal health and production as well as milk quality. We also determined the effects of VB as a feed additive. We used thirty Lacaune ewes at 30 days of lactation, allocated into three groups: T0 (control, without VB), T5 (5 g of VB/animal/day) and T10 (10 g of VB/animal/day).

Protective role of rutin dietary supplementation mediated by purinergic signaling in spleen of silver catfish Rhamdia quelen exposed to organophosphate pesticide trichlorfon.

Evidence suggests the involvement of purinergic signaling, a mechanism mediated by extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides, with the impairment of immune and inflammatory responses in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) exposed to trichlorfon. Plant-derived substances have been considered potent anti-inflammatory agents due to effects on the purinergic system, such as the use of the flavonoid rutin. The aim of this study was to determine whether a diet containing rutin is able to prevent or reduce trichlorfon-induced impairment of immune responses through alteration of the purinergic pathway.

Involvement of purinergic system and electron transport chain in two species of cichlids from the Amazon basin exposed to hypoxia.

The Amazonian aquatic ecosystem undergoes seasonal variations and daily changes that directly affect the availability of oxygen. During the day the levels of oxygen can reach supersaturation, and at night can drop to zero. In this way, aquatic organisms are exposed daily to physiological challenges regarding the availability of oxygen.

Bioprospection of novel synthetic monocurcuminoids: Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and in vitro cytotoxic activities.

The irrational use of medications has increased the incidence of microbial infections, which are a major threat to public health. Moreover, conventional therapeutic strategies are starting to become ineffective to treat these infections. Hence, there is a need to develop and characterize novel antimicrobial compounds.

Effects of the inclusion of açai oil in diet of prepartum Holstein cows on milk production, somatic cell counts and future lactation.

We measured the effects of açai oil in the diets of prepartum cows to evaluate health, milk production and quality. Sixteen Holstein cows were divided into two groups: SOY used as control, and AÇAI, test group. Occurred inclusion of 4% soybean or açai oils was provided in the concentrate starting at 20 days prepartum [d -20 to d 0 (partum-day)].

Topical hydrogel containing Achyrocline satureioides oily extract (free and nanocapsule) has anti-inflammatory effects and thereby minimizes irritant contact dermatitis.

Inflammatory dermatoses are prevalent worldwide, with impacts on the quality of life of patients and their families. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of Achyrocline satureioides oily extracts and nanocapsules on the skin using a mouse model of irritant contact dermatitis induced by croton oil, and a skin inflammation model induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. The mice were treated with 15 mg/ear oily extract (HG-OLAS) or nanocapsules (HG-NCAS) of A.

Consequences of oxidative damage on the fatty acid profile in muscle of Cichlasoma amazonarum acutely exposed to copper.

Rapid industrialization results in the production of large quantities of waste that are commonly discharged into water bodies, leading to the damage of the aquatic ecosystem and freshwater organisms. Copper (Cu) can induce oxidative damage in fish muscle, the main fish portion that is consumed by humans. However, the responses of the Amazon fish Cichlasoma amazonarum and its capacity to withstand acute Cu concentrations found in Amazon water around mines remain unknown.

Protective effects of diet containing rutin against trichlorfon-induced muscle bioenergetics disruption and impairment on fatty acid profile of silver catfish Rhamdia quelen.

Trichlorfon is an organophosphate insecticide that is widely used on fish farms to control parasitic infections. It has been detected in freshwater ecosystems as well as in fishery products. There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that certain feed additives may reduce or prevent pesticide-induced toxicity in fish.