Exploring TROP2 expression in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Association with prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment composition.

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) presents prognostic and therapeutic challenges. Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein involved in oncogenic signaling pathways and has been explored as a therapeutic target in many solid tumors. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and prognostic significance of TROP2 expression in OPSCC and explore its association with the tumor immune microenvironment composition.

Age- and sex-specific normative curves for intracranial and ventricular volumes from head CT scans.

This study aims to establish age- and sex-specific normative curves for intracranial (ICV) and lateral ventricular volumes (LVV) using computed tomography (CT), addressing a significant gap in the literature. A total of 2153 head CT scans were analyzed, using the Generalized Additive Model for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) to model the nonlinear relationship between age and volume of the brain structures, independently by sex. Model quality was evaluated through chi-square adherence test and residual analysis.

PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors in addition to first-line chemotherapy for endometrial cancer: an extracted individual patient data meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess the impact of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in first-line treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer (EC) through individual patient data (IPD) Meta-analysis, providing insights by integrated survival curves.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and meetings up to April 2024 for randomised phase II or III trials (randomised controlled trials) investigating immunotherapy plus chemotherapy for EC. IPD was reconstructed from Kaplan-Meier plots using WebPlotDigitizer and the R package IPDfromKM, and then combined.

Top advances of the year: Developments of immunotherapy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, 2023-2024.

Antibodies against PD-1 (PD1i), such as cemiplimab and pembrolizumab, have demonstrated significant efficacy in advanced, unresectable cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). These agents elicit durable responses in approximately 45% of patients, contributing to improved aesthetic, functional, and survival outcomes in a subset of individuals with advanced cSCC. This review highlights recent and ongoing research investigating the safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for cSCC in the curative intent perioperative settings, advanced/metastatic setting, and within the immunocompromised patient populations.

High Dose Chemotherapy With Autologous Stem Cell Transplant for Patients With Advanced Germ Cell Tumors: Real-World Evidence From a Tertiary Cancer Center in Brazil.

Background: High-dose chemotherapy followed by stem cell transplant (HDCT) is potentially curative for patients with refractory germ cell tumors (rGCT). There is scarce real-world data supporting its implementation in low- and middle-income countries. We described the experience of our tertiary cancer center in Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Long-term outcomes of neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: an extracted individual patient data and trial-level meta-analysis.

Background: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (nIO) has emerged as a treatment option for stage II-III triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). While randomised clinical trials (RCTs) demonstrated pathological complete response rate benefit to nIO added to chemotherapy, additional data on long-term outcomes is warranted. We performed this analysis to evaluate long-term efficacy outcomes of nIO in TNBC.

Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Advanced Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma Under Systemic Treatment: Analysis of Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Radiomics.

Purpose: Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLHCC) is a rare primary liver malignancy often diagnosed at advanced stages. While there are limited data on the efficacy of specific agents, we aim to report outcomes of patients treated with systemic therapies and explore prognostic factors.

Patients And Methods: Medical records of patients treated between 2010 and 2022 were reviewed.

Tumor glycolytic profiling through F-FDG PET/CT predicts immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in advanced NSCLC.

Background: A significant proportion of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) do not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Since metabolic reprogramming with increased glycolysis is a hallmark of cancer and is involved in immune evasion, we used F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) to evaluate the baseline glycolytic parameters of patients with advanced NSCLC submitted to ICIs, and assessed their predictive value.

Methods: F-FDG PET/CT results in the 3 months before ICIs treatment were included.

Predicting survival in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients with poor ECOG-PS: A single-arm prospective study.

Background: Patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are a heterogeneous population with short lifespan. We aimed to develop methods to better differentiate patients whose survival was >90 days.

Methods: We evaluated 83 characteristics of 106 treatment-naïve, stage IV NSCLC patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS) >1.

Letter to the editor: radiomics analysis for predicting pembrolizumab response in patients with advanced rare cancers.

A commentary on the original research article: 'Radiomics analysis for predicting pembrolizumab response in patients with advanced rare cancers'. Of note, the predictor selection process, the cross-validation method, along with the lack of final testing of the developed model with a separated data set may mask overfitting, overestimating performance metrics.

In vitro antibacterial activity of bioactive glass S53P4 on multiresistant pathogens causing osteomyelitis and prosthetic joint infection.

Background: Conventional local treatment for medullary osteomyelitis (OM) includes insertion of antibiotic-loaded polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement. Nevertheless, PMMA may delivery irregular concentration of antibiotic to surrounding tissue. We aimed to compare the in vitro antibacterial activity of Bioactive Glass (BAG) S53P4, which is a compound showing local antibacterial activity, to that of antibiotic-loaded PMMA against multidrug resistant bacteria from OM isolates.