Niche formation and metabolic interactions contribute to stable diversity in a spatially structured cyanobacterial community.

Understanding how microbial communities maintain stable compositional diversity is a key question in microbial ecology. Studies from pairwise interactions and synthetic communities indicate that metabolic interactions and spatial organisation can influence diversity, but the relevance of these factors in more complex communities is unclear. Here we used a cyanobacterial enrichment community that consistently forms millimetre-scale granular structures, to investigate compositional diversity and its stability.

Identifying Patient Satisfaction from Electronic Health Record Data - A Retrospective Register Study.

The aim of this study was to review the potential of electronic health record (EHR) data to automatically identify key concepts related to patient satisfaction in cardiac care. A randomised sample of EHR data from 500 cardiac patients were screened for feature extraction, identifying 187 terms describing patient satisfaction. The predictive positive value (PPV) for positive descriptions was high, indicating the value of EHRs and narrative documentation when developing tools to measure patient satisfaction.

Antibiotic-resistant from treated municipal wastewaters and Black-headed Gull nestlings on the recipient river.

Wastewaters belong among the most important sources of environmental pollution, including antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of the study was to evaluate treated wastewaters as a possible transmission pathway for bacterial colonisation of gulls occupying the receiving river. A collection of antibiotic-resistant originating both from treated municipal wastewaters discharged to the river Svratka (Czech Republic) and nestlings of Black-headed Gull () living 35 km downstream of the outlet was obtained using selective cultivation.

Exploring Delays in Cardiac Care Processes Through Electronic Health Records.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. Timely health services are fundamental to the appropriate prevention, identification, care and rehabilitation of these diseases. This study aimed to explore the potential of using electronic health records as a data source to help identify health system -related delays in care processes of cardiac patients.

sp. nov., associated with mortalities among endangered seabirds.

Infectious diseases threaten endangered species, particularly in small isolated populations. Seabird populations on the remote Amsterdam Island in the Indian Ocean have been in decline for the past three decades, with avian cholera caused by proposed as the primary driver. However, species have also been sporadically detected from albatrosses on Amsterdam Island and may be contributing to some of the observed mortality.

Development of submicromolar 17β-HSD10 inhibitors and their in vitro and in vivo evaluation.

17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17β-HSD10) is a multifunctional mitochondrial enzyme and putative drug target for the treatment of various pathologies including Alzheimer's disease or some types of hormone-dependent cancer. In this study, a series of new benzothiazolylurea-based inhibitors were developed based on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of previously published compounds and predictions of their physico-chemical properties. This led to the identification of several submicromolar inhibitors (IC ∼0.

Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance among human clinical isolates: national surveillance in the Czech Republic.

The occurrence of colistin resistance has increased rapidly among around the world. We performed a national survey of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in human clinical isolates through a retrospective analysis of samples from 2009 to 2017 and a prospective sampling in 2018-2020. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize isolates with genes from various regions of the Czech Republic using whole genome sequencing (WGS).

Fitness effects of blaCTX-M-15-harbouring F2:A1:B- plasmids on their native Escherichia coli ST131 H30Rx hosts.

Objectives: To investigate the fitness effects of large blaCTX-M-15-harbouring F2:A1:B- plasmids on their native Escherichia coli ST131 H30Rx hosts.

Methods: We selected five E. coli ST131 H30Rx isolates of diverse origin, each carrying an F2:A1:B- plasmid with the blaCTX-M-15 gene.

Interspecies Transmission of CMY-2-Producing Escherichia coli Sequence Type 963 Isolates between Humans and Gulls in Australia.

Escherichia coli sequence type 963 (ST963) is a neglected lineage closely related to ST38, a globally widespread extraintestinal pathogenic ST causing urinary tract infections (UTI) as well as sepsis in humans. Our current study aimed to improve the knowledge of this understudied ST by carrying out a comprehensive comparative analysis of whole-genome sequencing data consisting of 31 isolates from silver gulls in Australia along with another 80 genomes from public resources originating from geographically scattered regions. ST963 was notable for carriage of cephalosporinase gene which was identified in 99 isolates and was generally chromosomally encoded.

Population genomics of from an anthrax hyperendemic area reveals transmission processes across spatial scales and unexpected within-host diversity.

Genomic sequencing has revolutionized our understanding of bacterial disease epidemiology, but remains underutilized for zoonotic pathogens in remote endemic settings. Anthrax, caused by the spore-forming bacterium , remains a threat to human and animal health and rural livelihoods in low- and middle-income countries. While the global genomic diversity of has been well-characterized, there is limited information on how its populations are genetically structured at the scale at which transmission occurs, critical for understanding the pathogen's evolution and transmission dynamics.

PepMANDIS: A Peptide Selection Tool for Designing Function-Based Targeted Proteomic Assays in Complex Microbial Systems.

The majority of studies focusing on microbial functioning in various environments are based on DNA or RNA sequencing techniques that have inherent limitations and usually provide a distorted picture about the functional status of the studied system. Untargeted proteomics is better suited for that purpose, but it suffers from low efficiency when applied in complex consortia. In practice, the scanning capabilities of the currently employed LC-MS/MS systems provide limited coverage of key-acting proteins, hardly allowing a semiquantitative assessment of the most abundant ones from most prevalent species.

Whole genome sequencing of a clinical drug resistant isolate reveals known and novel mutations in genes involved in resistance acquisition mechanisms.

is an opportunistic pathogen accounting for the majority of cases of infections. Currently, are developing resistance towards different classes of antifungal drugs and this has become a global health burden that does not spare Lebanon. This study aims at determining point mutations in genes known to be involved in resistance acquisition and correlating resistance to virulence and ergosterol content in the azole resistant isolate CA77 from Lebanon.

Characterization of the Complete Nucleotide Sequences of -Encoding Plasmids From Enterobacterales Isolates in Retailed Raw Meat Products From the Czech Republic.

The aim of our study was to determine complete nucleotide sequence of carrying plasmids from Enterobacterales isolates recovered from domestic and imported raw retailed meat and compare them with plasmids available at the GenBank sequence database. A set of 16 plasmids originating from ( = 13), ( = 2), and ( = 1) were analyzed. In our previous study, data from whole genome sequencing showed that gene was located on plasmids of different incompatibility groups (IncHI2, IncI2, and IncX4).

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and antimicrobial resistance in municipal and hospital wastewaters in Czech Republic: Culture-based and metagenomic approaches.

Wastewaters serve as important hot spots for antimicrobial resistance and monitoring can be used to analyse the abundance and diversity of antimicrobial resistance genes at the level of large bacterial and human populations. In this study, whole genome sequencing of beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and metagenomic analysis of whole-community DNA were used to characterize the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in hospital, municipal and river waters in the city of Brno (Czech Republic). Cefotaxime-resistant E.

Frequency of mutations associated with resistance to first- and second-line drugs in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates.

Introduction: Tuberculosis is considered one of the most fatal diseases worldwide, with an estimation of 10.1 million cases. In this study, whole-genome sequencing was used to determine the genomic characterisation of 40 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients with different nationalities hospitalised in the Czech Republic.

Whole-Genome-Sequence-Based Characterization of Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Hospital Outbreak.

Carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) is an important opportunistic pathogen linked to a variety of nosocomial infections and hospital outbreaks worldwide. This study aimed at investigating and characterizing a CRAB outbreak at a large tertiary hospital in Lebanon. A total of 41 isolates were collected and analyzed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Complete Nucleotide Sequences of -Carrying Plasmids in Acinetobacter baumannii Sequence Type 345 of Human and Food Origin from the Czech Republic, the First Case in Europe.

Here, we describe two plasmids carrying in two strains isolated from imported food and a clinical sample. The comparative analysis of these plasmids, with two other plasmids reported in the NCBI database, highlighted the common origin of the plasmidic structure carrying This is the first case of the gene in a strain isolated from a clinical case in Europe. We hypothesize that food import is initiating the spread in Czech Republic.

Fecal Carriage and Whole-Genome Sequencing-Assisted Characterization of CMY-2 Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Calves at Czech Dairy Cow Farm.

The study aimed to monitor the fecal shedding of cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) in a cohort of healthy calves on a dairy farm with documented antimicrobial usage and to characterize selected AmpC beta-lactamase-producing E. coli isolates. Fecal samples from 13 suckling calves (1-63 d of age; 113 samples in total) were repeatedly collected and cultivated on MacConkey agar with cefotaxime (2 mg/L).

Microbial strains isolated from CO-venting Kolumbo submarine volcano show enhanced co-tolerance to acidity and antibiotics.

As ocean acidification intensifies, there is growing global concern about the impacts that future pH levels are likely to have on marine life and ecosystems. By analogy, a steep decrease of seawater pH with depth is encountered inside the Kolumbo submarine volcano (northeast Santorini) as a result of natural CO venting, making this system ideal for ocean acidification research. Here, we investigated whether the increase of acidity towards deeper layers of Kolumbo crater had any effect on relevant phenotypic traits of bacterial isolates.

MLS-Resistant in Central Greece: Rate of Resistance and Molecular Characterization.

The aim of the present study was to determine the rate and mechanisms of resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B (MLS) antibiotics of collected in Central Greece. Of the 2,893 collected during 2012-2017, 1,161 isolates (40.2%) exhibited resistance to at least one of the MLS agents.

Whole genome sequencing and function prediction of 133 gut anaerobes isolated from chicken caecum in pure cultures.

Background: In order to start to understand the function of individual members of gut microbiota, we cultured, sequenced and analysed bacterial anaerobes from chicken caecum.

Results: Altogether 204 isolates from chicken caecum were obtained in pure cultures using Wilkins-Chalgren anaerobe agar and anaerobic growth conditions. Genomes of all the isolates were determined using the NextSeq platform and subjected to bioinformatic analysis.

Characterization of NDM-Encoding Plasmids From Recovered From Czech Hospitals.

The aim of the present study was to characterize sporadic cases and an outbreak of NDM-like-producing recovered from hospital settings, in Czechia. During 2016, 18 isolates including 10 complex (9 and 1 ), 4 , 1 , 1 , 1 , and 1 that produced NDM-like carbapenemases were isolated from 15 patients. Three of the patients were colonized or infected by two different NDM-like producers.

Molecular characterization of serogroup 19 in the Czech Republic in the post-vaccine era.

The aim of this study was to characterize serogroup 19 isolates resistant to macrolides and/or penicillin found among pneumococci recovered from cases of invasive and respiratory tract disease in the Czech Republic in 2014. Pneumococcal isolates of serotypes 19A (=26) and 19F (=10) that were non-susceptible to penicillin and/or macrolides and had been collected in 2014 were analysed using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Four isolates representing the major clones were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS).