Induced mesenchymal stem cells generated from periodontal ligament fibroblast for regenerative therapy.

Bone fractures and bone loss represent significant global health challenges, with their incidence rising due to an aging population. Despite autologous bone grafts remain the gold standard for treatment, challenges such as limited bone availability, immune reactions, and the risk of infectious disease transmission have driven the search for alternative cell-based therapies for bone regeneration. Stem cells derived from oral tissues and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown potential in both preclinical and clinical studies for bone tissue regeneration.

Effects of chitosan and TiO nanoparticles on the antibacterial property and ability to self-healing of cracks and retrieve mechanical characteristics of dental composites.

The aim of this study was to improve the self-healing properties of dental nanocomposite using nanoparticles of TiO and chitosan. We evaluated flexural and compressive strength, crack-healing, and self-healing lifespan after 3 months of water aging. The effect of the developed composite on cell viability and toxicity was assessed by an MTT assay on human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549 cell line).

Stem cells in regenerative dentistry: Current understanding and future directions.

Background: Regenerative dentistry aims to enhance the structure and function of oral tissues and organs. Modern tissue engineering harnesses cell and gene-based therapies to advance traditional treatment approaches. Studies have demonstrated the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative dentistry, with some progressing to clinical trials.

Evaluation of therapeutic effects of nanofibrous mat containing mycophenolate mofetil on oral lichen planus: In vitro and clinical trial study.

Objectives: Recently, topical drug delivery system has gained increasing interest in the treatment of oral lesions. Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting mucous membranes and skin. The current study aimed to fabricate a drug delivery system containing mycophenolate mofetil for the treatment of oral lichen planus lesions.

Enhanced osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of human dental pulp stem cells using Prunus amygdalus amara (bitter almond) incorporated nanofibrous scaffold.

Polyphenol extracts derived from plants are expected to have enhanced osteoblast proliferation and differentiation ability, which has gained much attention in tissue engineering applications. Herein, for the first time, we investigate the effects of Prunus amygdalus amara (bitter almond) (BA) extract loaded on poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gelatin (Gt) nanofibrous scaffolds on the osteoblast differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). In this regard, BA (0, 5, 10, and 15% wt)-loaded PCL/Gt nanofibrous scaffolds were prepared by electrospinning with fiber diameters in the range of around 237-276 nm.

Osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a bisphosphonate-functionalized polycaprolactone/gelatin scaffold.

Recent trends in bone tissue engineering have focused on the development of biomimetic constructs with appropriate mechanical and physiochemical properties. Here, we report the fabrication of an innovative biomaterial scaffold based on a new bisphosphonate-containing synthetic polymer combined with gelatin. To this end, zoledronate (ZA)-functionalized polycaprolactone (PCL-ZA) was synthesized by a chemical grafting reaction.

Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of Hesperetin nanocrystals for regenerative dentistry.

Hesperetin (HS), a metabolite of hesperidin, is a polyphenolic component of citrus fruits. This ingredient has a potential role in bone strength and the osteogenic differentiation. The bone loss in the orofacial region may occur due to the inflammation response of host tissues.

A novel injectable hydrogel containing polyetheretherketone for bone regeneration in the craniofacial region.

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is an organic material introduced as an alternative for titanium implants. Injectable hydrogels are the most promising approach for bone regeneration in the oral cavity to fill the defects with irregular shapes and contours conservatively. In the current study, injectable Aldehyde-cellulose nanocrystalline/silk fibroin (ADCNCs/SF) hydrogels containing PEEK were synthesized, and their bone regeneration capacity was evaluated.

Synthesis and characterization of growth factor free nanoengineered bioactive scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

Background: To address the obstacles that come with orthopedic surgery for biological graft tissues, including immune rejections, bacterial infections, and weak osseointegration, bioactive nanocomposites have been used as an alternative for bone grafting since they can mimic the biological and mechanical properties of the native bone. Among them, PCL-PEG-PCL (PCEC) copolymer has gained much attention for bone tissue engineering as a result of its biocompatibility and ability for osteogenesis.

Methods: Here, we designed a growth factor-free nanoengineered scaffold based on the incorporation of FeO and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles into the PCL-PEG-PCL/Gelatin (PCEC/Gel) nanocomposite.

Gentamycin-loaded halloysite-based hydrogel nanocomposites for bone tissue regeneration: fabrication, evaluation of the antibacterial activity and cell response.

Biocompatible hydrogels are promising approaches for bone repair and engineering. A novel therapeutic nanocomposite hydrogel was designed based on triblock copolymer poly e-caprolactone (PCL)-polyethylene glycol-PCL and natural gelatin (PCEC/GEL) and reinforced with halloysite nanotube (HNT). Gentamicin (GM) loaded HNT was immobilized in polymeric hydrogel matrix to fabricate scaffolds using the freeze-drying method.

The fabrication of halloysite nanotube-based multicomponent hydrogel scaffolds for bone healing.

Bone tissue engineering, as an alternative for common available therapeutic approaches, has been developed to focus on reconstructing of the missing tissues and restoring their functionality. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) nanocomposite scaffolds of polycaprolactone-polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone/gelatin (PCEC/Gel) were prepared by freeze-drying method. Biocompatible nanohydroxyapatite (nHA), iron oxide nanoparticle (FeO) and halloysite nanotube (HNT) powders were added to the polymer matrix aiming to combine the osteogenic activity of nHA or FeO with high mechanical strength of HNT.

Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expressing Erythropoietin on Cancer-Related Anemia in Mice Model.

Background: Cancer-related anemia (CRA) negatively influences cancer patients' survival, disease progression, treatment efficacy, and quality of life (QOL). Current treatments such as iron therapy, red cell transfusion, and erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) may cause severe adverse effects. Therefore, the development of long-lasting and curative therapies is urgently required.

Towards Induction of Angiogenesis in Dental Pulp Stem Cells Using Chitosan-Based Hydrogels Releasing Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor.

Introduction: Chitosan is a natural biopolymer that attracted enormous attention in biomedical fields. The main components of regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs), as well as tissue engineering, are scaffolds, stem cells, and growth factors. As one of the basic factors in the REPs is maintaining vascularization, this study was aimed at developing basic fibroblast growth factor- (bFGF-) loaded scaffolds and investigating their effects on the angiogenic induction in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).

Evaluation of the success rate of pit and fissure sealants on first molars: 12 months follow-up study.

Introduction: Dental caries by far is the most prevalent concern of the preadolescents and adolescents in dental clinics. Despite the provision of local fluoride, the occlusal surfaces of teeth are susceptible to dental caries. Pit and fissure sealant therapy is a preventive method to decrease dental caries in permanent teeth.

Exosome-loaded hydrogels: A new cell-free therapeutic approach for skin regeneration.

The treatment of unhealable and chronic cutaneous wounds is a significant challenge for the healthcare system. Hence, there has been heightened interest in the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for the acceleration of wound healing. Regenerative medicine based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has shown appropriate potential in skin repair.

Overexpression Effects of miR-424 and BMP2 on the Osteogenesis of Wharton's Jelly-Derived Stem Cells.

Recently, the translational application of noncoding RNAs is accelerated dramatically. In this regard, discovering therapeutic roles of microRNAs by developing synthetic RNA and vector-based RNA is attracting attention. Here, we studied the effect of BMP2 and miR-424 on the osteogenesis of Wharton's jelly-derived stem cells (WJSCs).

The Antimicrobial, Antioxidative, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Polycaprolactone/Gelatin Scaffolds Containing Chrysin for Regenerative Endodontic Purposes.

The appropriate endodontic material should eliminate the infection and inflammation to provide a situation for regeneration and healing of pulp tissue besides biomineralization. Chrysin is one of the active ingredients of plant flavonoids, which has significant anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. In the present study, this natural substance was evaluated for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and mineralization properties on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs).

Bioactive chitosan biguanidine-based injectable hydrogels as a novel BMP-2 and VEGF carrier for osteogenesis of dental pulp stem cells.

Nowadays, vascularization and mineralization of bone defects is the main bottleneck in the bone regeneration field that is needed to be overcome and developed. Here, we prepared novel in-situ formed injectable hydrogels based on chitosan biguanidine and carboxymethylcellulose loaded with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and recombinant Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and studied its influence on osteoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). The sequential release behavior of the VEGF and BMP-2 from hydrogels adjusted with the pattern of normal human bone growth.

A review of hydrogel systems based on poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) for use in the engineering of bone tissues.

Bone fracture is usually a medical condition where occurred by high force impact or stress. Recent advances to repair damaged or diseased bone tissues employs three-dimensional (3D) polymer matrices. This review aims to investigate the potential of injectable, dual thermally, and chemically gelable N-isopropyl acrylamide-based hydrogels to deliver scaffold, cells, and growth factors in vitro and in vivo.

Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of curcumin-loaded endodontic reparative material.

Curcumin (CUR) is an ancient therapeutic agent with remarkable antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of the current study was to synthesize and evaluate a curcumin-based reparative endodontic material to reduce infection and inflammation besides the induction of mineralization during the healing of the dentin-pulp complex. Poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL)/gelatin (Gel)/CUR scaffold was synthesized and assessed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA).

Design and fabrication of M-SAPO-34/chitosan scaffolds and evaluation of their effects on dental tissue engineering.

This research aimed to design innovative therapeutic bio-composites that enhance odontogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (h-DPSCs) in-vitro regeneration. Herein, we report the fabrication of scaffolds containing chitosan, Ca-SAPO-34 monometallic and/or Fe-Ca-SAPO-34 bimetallic nanoparticles by freeze-drying technique. The scaffolds and nanoparticles were characterized using ICP-AES, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, TEM, BET, SEM, and EDS methods.

In vivo evaluation of biocompatibility and immune modulation potential of poly(caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(caprolactone)-gelatin hydrogels enriched with nano-hydroxyapatite in the model of mouse.

Biocompatible, biodegradable, and injectable hydrogels are a novel and promising approach for bone regeneration. In this study, poly(caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL), PCL-PEG-PCL-gelatin (Gel), PCL-PEG-PCL-Gel/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) injectable hydrogels were synthesized and evaluated in a mouse model of subcutaneous transplantation after 14 days. PCL-PEG-PCL-Gel and PCL-PEG-PCL-Gel/nHA hydrogels were fabricated with precipitation method.

Development and biocompatibility of the injectable collagen/nano-hydroxyapatite scaffolds as forming hydrogel for the hard tissue engineering application.

Injectable hydrogels attract more attention to hard tissue engineering for the fulfilment of the defects with irregular shapes. Therefore, the researchers investigated the biocompatibility and immune response to the injectable PCL-PEG-PCL-Col/nHA hydrogels in a mouse model. The histological examination was done H&E.

The osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in alginate-gelatin/Nano-hydroxyapatite microcapsules.

Background: Microcapsule is considered as a promising 3D microenvironment for Bone Tissue Engineering (BTE) applications. Microencapsulation of cells in an appropriate scaffold not only protected the cells against excess stress but also promoted cell proliferation and differentiation. Through the current study, we aimed to microcapsulate the human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) and evaluated the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of those cells by using MTT assay, qRT-PCR, Alkaline phosphatase, and Alizarine Red S.