How social isolation and loneliness leave distinct imprints on memory: a thematic analysis informed by descriptive phenomenology.

With growing recognition of psychosocial risks for cognitive impairment, research on social isolation (SI) and loneliness (LON) and their relationship to memory has increased over the past decade. However, most studies have examined SI and LON separately, leaving their combined influence on memory underexplored, particularly in qualitative research. This study presents the qualitative arm of a larger mixed-methods investigation, exploring how SI and LON, separately and together, shape memory in middle-aged and older adults.

The Association Between Social Isolation, Functional Social Support, and Memory: A Mediation Analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Social connection is associated with memory function in aging adults. However, little understanding exists of the pathways by which two distinct aspects of social connection-social isolation and functional social support-are related to each other and to memory. Using baseline and three-year follow-up data from the Tracking Cohort of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (n = 12,834), we explored whether functional social support mediated the relation between social isolation and memory in community-dwelling adults aged 45-85 years.

The association of pre-COVID-19 social isolation and functional social support with loneliness during COVID-19: a longitudinal analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Objectives: We evaluated the association between two measures of social connection prior to COVID-19-social isolation and functional social support-and loneliness during the pandemic.

Method: The study was a retrospective longitudinal analysis of 20,129 middle-aged and older adults enrolled in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). We drew upon two waves of CLSA data spanning three years and the supplemental COVID-19 Questionnaire Study of eight months to conduct our analysis.

The association between functional social support, marital status and memory in middle-aged and older adults: An analysis of the canadian longitudinal study on aging.

Purpose: Although several studies have reported positive associations between functional social support (FSS) and memory, few have explored how other social variables, such as marital status, may affect the magnitude and direction of this association. We examined whether marital status modifies the association between FSS and memory in a sample of community-dwelling, middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: Data at three timepoints, spanning six years, were analyzed from the Tracking Cohort of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (n = 10,318).

Functional Social Support Subtypes Are Associated With Executive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Findings From the Baseline Comprehensive Cohort of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Objectives: We investigated whether functional social support-the degree to which one perceives support is available when needed-is associated with executive function, a key cognitive domain for everyday functioning and adaptation to change.

Methods: Analyses ( = 23,491) utilized cross-sectional data from the Comprehensive cohort of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), a population-based study of community-dwelling adults aged 45-85 years. Executive function was assessed by neurocognitive battery.

Exploring the relationship between marital quality and cognitive function: A systematic review.

Cognitive function is an important indicator of healthy aging as it is central to maintaining functional independence, performing job-related tasks, decision-making, and improving quality of life. Therefore, researchers seek to identify biopsychosocial factors that can help preserve cognitive function in aging individuals. One such factor is the maintenance of good quality marital relationships.

Efficacy of perceptual learning in low vision: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Visual perceptual learning (PL) shows promise for enhancing visual functions in individuals with visual impairment.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PL in improving visual function.

Study Eligibility: Eligible studies were those examining the efficacy of PL in individuals with low vision.

Exploring the differential impacts of social isolation, loneliness, and their combination on the memory of an aging population: A 6-year longitudinal study of the CLSA.

Memory plays a crucial role in cognitive health. Social isolation (SI) and loneliness (LON) are recognized risk factors for global cognition, although their combined effects on memory have been understudied in the literature. This study used three waves of data over six years from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging to examine whether SI and LON are individually and jointly associated with memory in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults (n = 14,208).

The Association Between Religiosity, Spirituality and Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Longitudinal Analysis of Alberta's Tomorrow Project in Canada.

We explored longitudinal associations between religion/spirituality (R/S) Salience and R/S Attendance, and colorectal cancer screening, among adults aged ≥ 50 years in Alberta, Canada. R/S Salience was not statistically significantly associated with colorectal cancer screening (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.

The association between memory, COVID-19 testing, and COVID-19 incidence in middle-aged and older adults: a prospective analysis of the CLSA.

We investigated the association between pre-COVID-19 memory function and (a) receipt of a COVID-19 test and (b) incidence of COVID-19 using the COVID-19 Questionnaire Study (CQS) of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). The CQS included 28,565 middle-aged and older adults. We regressed receipt of a COVID-19 test on participants' immediate and delayed recall memory scores and re-ran the regression models with COVID-19 incidence as the outcome.

Quality of Reporting Using Good Reporting of A Mixed Methods Study Criteria in Chiropractic Mixed Methods Research: A Methodological Review.

Objective: The purpose of this review was to examine the reporting in chiropractic mixed methods research using Good Reporting of A Mixed Methods Study (GRAMMS) criteria.

Methods: In this methodological review, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and the Index to Chiropractic Literature from the inception of each database to December 31, 2020, for chiropractic studies reporting the use of both qualitative and quantitative methods or mixed qualitative methods. Pairs of reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts, and full-text studies, extracted data, and appraised reporting using the GRAMMS criteria and risk of bias with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).

The association between religious participation and memory among middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review.

Objectives: Mounting evidence suggests religion plays an important role in maintaining cognition. No prior systematic review has focused on the specific association between religion and the memory domain of cognition in middle-aged and older adults. We carried out a systematic review to explore this association in depth.

Functional social isolation mediates the association between depression and executive function in older women: findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging Comprehensive cohort.

Depression and social isolation increase risk for executive function declines and are among the top five modifiable risk factors for dementia. However, the interrelationships between depression, social isolation and executive function are not well established. Further evidence is needed to inform strategies to promote executive function and independence in older age.

The association between functional social support and memory in middle-aged and older adults: A Prospective Analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging's Comprehensive Cohort.

Background: Functional social support (FSS) impacts memory function through biological and psychological pathways. In a national sample of middle-aged and older adults in Canada, we explored the association between FSS and changes in memory over three years and investigated effect modification by age group and sex.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Comprehensive Cohort of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA).

Functional social support and cognitive function in middle- and older-aged adults: a systematic review of cross-sectional and cohort studies.

Background: Intact cognitive function is crucial for healthy aging. Functional social support is thought to protect against cognitive decline. We conducted a systematic review to investigate the association between functional social support and cognitive function in middle- and older-aged adults.

Examining the association between functional social support, marital status, and memory: a systematic review.

Background: Functional social support (FSS) has been shown to be positively associated with better cognitive function, especially memory, in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. To better understand this complex association, researchers should consider the impact of additional factors that affect both FSS and memory. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to examine whether one such factor, marital status or related variables (e.

The impact of assistive devices on community-dwelling older adults and their informal caregivers: a systematic review.

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the impact of assistive devices on the life satisfaction of (Research Question 1), and informal caregiving hours received by (Research Question 2), community-dwelling older adults (≥ 65 years).

Methods: We searched CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Scopus from database inception to March 2022. For each question, two reviewers independently screened citations, extracted and narratively synthesized the data, and assessed article quality and strength of evidence.

The association between chiropractic integration in an Ontario community health centre and continued prescription opioid use for chronic non-cancer spinal pain: a sequential explanatory mixed methods study.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that access to chiropractic care may reduce the likelihood of initiating an opioid prescription for spinal pain; however, the impact of chiropractic care for patients already prescribed opioids is uncertain. We undertook a sequential explanatory mixed methods study to evaluate the association between initiating chiropractic care and continued opioid use among adult patients attending an Ontario community health centre (CHC) and receiving opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer spinal pain.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 210 patient records between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2020.

Examining the Combined Effects of Social Isolation and Loneliness on Memory: A Systematic Review.

Background: Some research suggests social isolation and loneliness are important risk factors for reduced successful aging and cognitive health. However, findings are inconsistent and no prior systematic review has investigated whether social isolation and loneliness are associated with the memory domain of cognition. This review examined whether social isolation and loneliness individually and jointly affected the memory of middle- and older-aged adults.

Association of Chiropractic Care With Receiving an Opioid Prescription for Noncancer Spinal Pain Within a Canadian Community Health Center: A Mixed Methods Analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between receipt of chiropractic services and initiating a prescription for opioids among adult patients with noncancer spinal pain in a Canadian community health center.

Methods: In this sequential explanatory mixed methods analysis, we conducted a retrospective study of 945 patient records (January 2014 to December 2020) and completed interviews with 14 patients and 9 general practitioners. We used Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, adjusted for patient demographics, comorbidities, visit frequency, and calendar year to evaluate the association between receipt of chiropractic care and time to first opioid prescription up to 1 year after presentation.

Urban-rural variation in the association between social support availability and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults: Results from the baseline Tracking Cohort of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

The purpose of this study was to investigate if and how the associations between social support availability (SSA) and cognitive function varied across urban, rural, and geographical regions in Canada. Data from a population-level sample of community-dwelling adults aged 45-85 years were obtained from the baseline Tracking Cohort of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. The associations between SSA and two domains of cognitive function, memory and executive function, were analyzed using multilevel regression models.

Systematic literature review of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence surveys in Canada through April 2021.

Objectives: To estimate the proportion of the population infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Canada through April 2021, 16 months into the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and 4 months after COVID-19 vaccines became available.

Methods: Publication databases, preprint servers, public health databases and the grey literature were searched for seroprevalence surveys conducted in Canada from 1 November 2019 to 10 July 2021. Studies were assessed for bias using the Joanna Briggs Checklist.

Risk of bias in chiropractic mixed methods research: a secondary analysis of a meta-epidemiological review.

Objective: To examine the risk of bias in chiropractic mixed methods research.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a meta-epidemiological review of chiropractic mixed methods studies. We assessed risk of bias with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and used generalized estimating equations to explore factors associated with risk of bias.