Synergistic Effects of Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Bioactive Peptides on Dermal Fibroblast Viability and Extracellular Matrix Gene Expression: An In Vitro Study.

Facial aging is a multifactorial process involving changes in bone, fat compartments, ligaments, muscles, and skin. Collagen biostimulators, including synthetic agents and autologous platelet concentrates, have gained attention for facial rejuvenation. Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF), a second-generation autologous concentrate, has shown promising regenerative properties due to its natural composition and growth factors.

Assessing Total Fluoride Intake in Children: Reliability of Commonly Used Methods.

Objectives: Fluoride exposure in children is commonly estimated using questionnaires or urinary biomarkers. However, no study has yet compared these methods for classifying participants into five intake categories ranging from low to high. This study aimed to estimate the extent of agreement and classification consistency between questionnaire- and urinary-based methods for assessing total daily fluoride intake (TDFI) in children aged 4-7 years.

Dental enamel following maternal exposure to different fluoride concentrations: Physicochemical and functional approaches in rats offspring.

Excessive fluoride (F) exposure is associated with adverse effects at different life stages and can affect various biological systems, including the mineralized tissues of the oral cavity. However, there is limited evidence that early F exposure during pregnancy and lactation impairs the development of offspring dental enamel. From a translational perspective, this study aimed to investigate the effects of F at different concentrations on the ultrastructural, physicochemical, and functional properties of dental enamel in the offspring of rats exposed during the prenatal and lactation periods.

Suppressive effect of arginine and sodium fluoride on enamel calcium loss and antibiofilm activity on mature oral microcosm biofilms.

This study investigated the effects of arginine, with/without sodium fluoride (NaF), on mature oral microcosm biofilms and enamel calcium loss (ECL). Saliva-derived biofilms grown on bovine enamel for three days were subsequently assigned to their respective test groups and cultured until day seven ( = 9/group). Biofilm parameters and ECL were assessed.

Mercury contamination in Amazon traditional populations: Metalloproteomic study associated with exposure frequency.

Mercury (Hg) contamination in humans in the Amazon has been reported for decades. However, studies reporting a proteomic approach to this topic are limited. Thus, herein, we report a study on Hg contamination in plasma samples from the traditional population of the Brazilian Amazon, employing a sampling process using Noviplex™ cards and metalloproteomic strategies, which are procedures that were previously unheard of in this context.

Pellicle engineering with CaneCPI-5: a scoping review.

Objectives: The salivary pellicle regulates interfacial processes on dental surfaces, offering protection against erosion and influencing bacterial adhesion. CaneCPI-5, a sugarcane-derived peptide inspired by cystatins, has been proposed as a cost-effective agent for pellicle modification. This scoping review evaluates the potential of CaneCPI-5 in pellicle engineering, particularly regarding erosion prevention and bacterial adhesion.

New Insights into the Interaction of Sugarcane Cystatin (CaneCPI-5) with the Surface of Hydroxyapatite through Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Introduction: This study conducted a molecular dynamics simulation to elucidate the interactions in silico between a sugarcane cystatin (CaneCPI-5) and hydroxyapatite, aiming to deepen the understanding of its potential role in modulating the dental enamel demineralization process.

Methods: The CaneCPI-5 protein structure was modeled using homology with SWISS-MODEL, based on the multicystatin template PDB-ID 4LZI. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted with the protein positioned randomly in a box containing a hydroxyapatite surface (001 face).

Synergistic effect of Maquiberry cystatin, sodium fluoride and stannous chloride for the prevention of initial dental erosion in vitro.

Objective: This study analyzed the synergistic effect between a recombinant Maquiberry (MaquiCPI-3) protein, sodium fluoride (NaF), and stannous chloride (SnCl2) against initial dental erosion in vitro.

Methodology: A total of 98 bovine enamel samples were prepared and allocated to seven treatment groups (n=14/group) as follows: deionized water (Water); commercial solution, 800 ppm Sn+2, 500 ppm F-, ElmexTM, Erosion, GABA, Therwil, BL, CH (Elmex); 500 ppm of fluoride (F-) from NaF (NaF); 500 ppm of F- from NaF and 800 ppm of tin (Sn+2) from SnCl2 (NaF+SnCl); 0.5 mg/mL MaquiCPI-3 (MaquiCPI-3); combination of MaquiCPI-3 and NaF (Maqui+NaF) and; combination of MaquiCPI-3, NaF and SnCl (Maqui+NaF+SnCl).

Impact of fluoride exposure at different concentrations on preosteoblastic cells: Molecular, biochemical, and morphological insights.

Fluoride can harm various tissues depending on its concentration and exposure duration. While its effects on mineralized tissues like bones and teeth are known, few studies have explored its impact on preosteoblastic cells. This study examined the effects of fluoride on differentiating osteoblastic cells.

In vitro evidence that Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) enhances protection against dental erosion in People Living with HIV (PLHIV) and individuals on Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP).

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the protective capacity of the salivary pellicle in people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and individuals on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV.

Material And Methods: Sixteen participants were divided into three groups: Control (n = 5; HIV-negative, not on ART), HIV (n = 7; PLHIV on ART), and PrEP (n = 4; HIV-negative, on PrEP). Stimulated saliva samples were pooled for each group.

Prevention and Treatment of Dental Erosion: Beyond Fluorides.

Different agents have been discussed as potential alternatives to fluoride in the prevention and treatment of erosive tooth wear (ETW). These agents may act by (1) forming an acid-protective layer on the tooth surface, such as through the use of sealants, polymers or the modification of the acquired pellicle; (2) enhancing mechanisms of (mineral) precipitation; and/or (3) preserving the organic matrix of dentine. The application of adhesives, sealants or flowables is considered to be an effective alternative to fluoride, but requires a re-sealing of the surface every several months depending on the products used.

Generalized gingivitis-related salivary proteomic profile in pregnant women with obesity: insights into biological mechanisms assessed by Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

Aim: This cross-sectional study investigated the salivary proteomic profile associated with generalized gingivitis in pregnant women with obesity.

Methodology: Pregnant women in the third trimester (≥27 weeks of gestation) were divided into two groups based on bleeding on probing (BOP): G1 (BOP>50%; n=9) and G2 (BOP 0-30%; n=9). Collected unstimulated saliva samples were individually analyzed using nano liquid chromatography electron spray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.

Saliva-based Hormone Diagnostics: advances, applications, and future perspectives.

Introduction: Saliva has emerged as an important biological fluid for diagnostics, particularly hormone analysis. Its noninvasive collection and accessibility make it a compelling alternative to traditional blood-based diagnostics, enabling detection of biomarkers reflecting physiological and pathological conditions.

Areas Covered: This review examines hormones measurable in saliva, including cortisol, testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and others.

Acquired pellicle engineering: a fascinating approach to prevent demineralization.

The acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) consists of an organic, acellular, and bacteria-free film, formed in vivo as a result of biomolecules adsorption onto the tooth surface. It is composed of proteins, glycoproteins, lipids, phospholipids, and other macromolecules, such as carbohydrates. The AEP formation process is complex and can be divided into three stages: initiation, development, and maturation.

Zymography as a Tool for Exploring Protease Activity in Dental Research.

The presence and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cysteine cathepsins (CCs) in dentin significantly affect the progress of carious and erosive lesions into dentin, as well as the durability and integrity of dental restorations. Understanding the mechanisms involved on this proteolytic activity could therefore provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of these conditions and inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of zymographic techniques applied in dental research, with a focus on the sample's preparation and different measurements of the enzymatic activity through substrate hydrolysis.

The Dual Role of cGAS-STING Signaling in COVID-19: Implications for Therapy.

The progression of COVID-19 involves a sophisticated and intricate interplay between the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the host's immune response. The immune system employs both innate and adaptive mechanisms to combat infection. Innate immunity initiates the release of interferons (IFNs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, while the adaptive immune response involves CD4+ Th lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and CD8+ Tc cells.

Salivary proteomic analysis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the salivary protein profile in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) and periodontitis and their respective controls.

Methods: Eighty participants were included in the study. The four groups were formed by individuals with DM2 and periodontitis (DM2 + P, n = 20), DM2 without periodontitis (DM2, n = 20), periodontitis without DM2 (P, n = 20) and individuals without periodontitis and without DM2 (H, n = 20).

Paving the way for the use of Statherin-Derived Peptide (StN15) to control caries through acquired pellicle and biofilm microbiome engineering: Proof-of-concept in vitro/in vivo studies.

Objective: This proof-of-concept sequence of in vivo/in vitro studies aimed to unveil the role of acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) engineering with statherin-derived peptide (StN15) on the AEP protein profile, enamel biofilm microbiome in vivo and on enamel demineralization in vitro.

Design: In vivo studies, 10 volunteers, in 2 independent experiments (2 days each), rinsed (10 mL,1 min) with: deionized water (negative control) or 1.88 × 10 M StN15.

In vitro reduction of enamel erosion by sugarcane-derived cystatin associated with sodium trimetaphosphate.

The objective of this in vitro study was to assess the efficacy of CaneCPI-5, either alone or in combination with various concentrations of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) in protecting against initial enamel erosion. A total of 135 bovine enamel specimens were prepared and categorized into nine groups (n/group=15) according to the following treatments: Deionized water; Commercial solution (Elmex Erosion ProtectionTM); 0.1 mg/mL CaneCPI-5; 0.

Resveratrol alters oral biofilm in vitro and in vivo.

Objective: To evaluate the ability of resveratrol to reduce dental caries in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: In part 1, a microcosm biofilm protocol was employed. One hundred twenty-six bovine enamel specimens were treated with: Resveratrol (50, 100, 200, 400 µg/mL), Phosphate buffered saline (negative control), Dimethyl sulfoxide (negative control) and 0.

Designing mouthwash formulations with innovative molecular components to control initial dental erosion in vivo.

Objective: This study aimed to examine and compare the efficacy of mouthwashes containing different proteins and peptide on the prevention of enamel erosion in vivo, as well as to evaluate the participants' satisfaction with the formulations.

Methods: Twelve participants were selected and underwent five cross-over mouthwash phases: Water (control); 0.1 mg/mL CaneCPI-5; 0.

Influence of different growth conditions on the composition and acidogenicity of saliva-derived microcosm biofilm and their effects on enamel demineralization.

This study compared the influence of growth conditions on the composition and acidogenicity of saliva-derived microcosm biofilms and enamel demineralization. Biofilms grown in sucrose-supplemented modified McBain medium, containing 25/50 mmol/L PIPES (buffer), under anaerobiosis/microaerophilia, for 3 and 7 days were evaluated for their acidogenicity, microbial composition, matrix, and enamel mineral content. The viability of total lactobacilli was higher in the group containing 25 mmol/L PIPES grown under anaerobiosis, which also showed lower pH values.

Is It Possible to Remineralise Hypomineralised Enamel Lesions in Patients with Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation?

Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is characterized with reduced enamel mineral quantity, especially in the calcium and phosphate content, with increases in the carbonate and protein contents. Albumin is the main protein that accumulates pre-eruptively, leading to defective initiation of mineralisation. Other oral-fluid proteins are found in cases of posteruptive enamel surface breakdown.

Statherin-Derived Peptide Protects against Intrinsic Erosive Enamel Wear in situ.

Introduction: This in situ study investigated the protective effect of a solution containing statherin-derived peptide (StatpSpS) against enamel intrinsic erosion (ERO).

Methods: Fifteen volunteers wore appliances containing 2 bovine specimens. The samples were subjected to ERO with HCl, mimicking dental ERO by intrinsic acid.