Induction of the ISR by AB5 subtilase cytotoxin drives type-I IFN expression in pDCs via STING activation.

We demonstrate that exposure to the AB5 subtilase cytotoxin (SubAB) induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, concomitant with a proinflammatory response across distinct cell subsets. Notably, SubAB selectively induces type-I interferon (IFN) expression in plasmacytoid dendritic cells, acting synergistically with Toll-like receptor 7 stimulation. The induction of type-I IFN in response to SubAB relies on stimulator of interferon genes (STING) activation, coupled with protein synthesis inhibition mediated by protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit-alpha.

Cross-sectional entomological monitoring combined with professional qualifications in transition areas for yellow fever and autochthonous malaria in the Atlantic Forest in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Background: The Atlantic Forest harbours a rich mosquito assemblage, including vectors for diverse arbovirus. Mosquito species adapt to urban-forest landscape changes, acting as bridge vectors for pathogens.

Objectives: This study evaluated different collection methods for immature and adult mosquitoes combined with improving field personnel qualifications in a transition area between urbanised and sylvatic environments.