Caspofungin for Primary Antifungal Prophylaxis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Real-Life Study from an Academic Center.

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are a major complication in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), particularly during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Posaconazole is the standard drug for primary antifungal prophylaxis (PAP), but its use is limited by oral bioavailability and CYP3A4 interactions. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of intravenous caspofungin versus oral posaconazole as PAP in AML patients during their first cycle of chemotherapy and assess their subsequent impact on clinical outcomes.

Intravascular Complications of Central Venous Catheterization by Insertion Site in Acute Leukemia during Remission Induction Chemotherapy Phase: Lower Risk with Peripherally Inserted Catheters in a Single-Center Retrospective Study.

The basilic/brachial (BBV), internal jugular (IJV), and subclavian veins (SCV) are commonly used as central venous catheter (CVC) sites. A BBV approach [peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)] is increasingly used for short- to intermediate-term CVCs for acute leukemias undergoing cytotoxic intensive regimens. In this retrospective study, the catheterization of the BBV, IJV, and SCV in patients with previously untreated acute leukemia was assessed.

Lamivudine 24-month-long prophylaxis is a safe and efficient choice for the prevention of hepatitis B virus reactivation in HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive patients with advanced DLBCL undergoing upfront R-CHOP-21.

Introduction: Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is a condition where replication-competent hepatitis B virus-DNA (HBV-DNA) is present in the liver, with or without HBV-DNA in the blood [<200 international units (IU)/ml or absent] in HB surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative/HB core antibody (HBcAb)-positive individuals. In patients with advanced stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) undergoing 6 cycles of R-CHOP-21+2 additional R, OBI reactivation is a frequent and severe complication. There is no consensus among recent guidelines on whether a pre-emptive approach or primary antiviral prophylaxis is the best solution in this setting of patients.