BNT162b2 XBB.1.5-Adapted Single Dose Vaccine Uptake and Effectiveness in Children Aged 5-17 Years in California and Louisiana.

Objective: To assess BNT162b2 XBB.1.5-adapted COVID-19 vaccine uptake and effectiveness in children aged 5-17 years against emergency department (ED) encounters, urgent care (UC) visits, and hospital admissions.

Comparison of COVID-19-associated inpatient burden by variant period in hospitalized children age <5 years in the United States.

Introduction: This study evaluated clinical outcomes in children aged <5 years with COVID-19-associated hospitalizations and assessed whether disease severity differed across periods of SARS-CoV-2 variant predominance in the United States.

Methods: Data from the PINC AI™ Healthcare Database during three distinct periods of SARS-CoV-2 variant predominance [pre-Delta (April 2021-June 2021), Delta (July 2021-December 2021), and Omicron (January 2022-July 2023)] were used. Hospital length of stay (LOS), admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), ICU LOS, usage and duration of oxygen supplementation, usage and duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and inpatient death were assessed for each period.

Clinical Outcomes in Children <5 Years of Age Hospitalized for Respiratory Syncytial Virus, COVID-19 or Influenza in the United States.

Background: This study aimed to compare the clinical burden among young children hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or influenza.

Methods: Patients <5 years of age hospitalized for RSV, COVID-19 or influenza between September 2022-August 2024 were selected from the PINC-AI Healthcare Database for retrospective cohort analysis. Hospitalization outcomes included length of stay, supplemental oxygen use, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and inhospital death.

Flame time of a cigarette lighter to achieve temperature capable of inflicting a burn.

Objective: Cigarette lighters are frequent vectors in intentional contact burns. Time and temperature needed to cause thermal injury are considered to differentiate accidental from inflicted burns. This study examines the minimum time needed to heat a cigarette lighter's top to temperatures capable of inflicting any clinically visible skin burn.

Referral patterns and service utilization in a pediatric hospital-wide intimate partner violence program.

Objectives: To describe the referral patterns and utilization of on-site intimate partner violence (IPV) services in both inpatient and outpatient settings at a large urban children's hospital.

Methods: Retrospective review of case records from IPV victims referred to an on-site IPV counselor between September 2005 and February 2010. Descriptive statistics were used to examine IPV victim demographics, number of referrals per hospital department, referral source (type of staff member), time spent by IPV counselor for initial consultation, and services provided to IPV victims.

Results of a multifaceted Intimate Partner Violence training program for pediatric residents.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a multifaceted Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) intervention on knowledge, attitudes, and screening practices of pediatric residents.

Methods: The intervention included: an on-site IPV counselor, IPV training for attending physicians, residents and social workers, and screening prompts. Evaluation included baseline and post-training surveys of residents, assessing their knowledge, attitudes, and comfort with IPV screening, patient chart reviews at baseline, 3 months, and 8 months for documentation of IPV screening, and review of the IPV counselor's client charts.

Internet poses multiple risks to children and adolescents.

Computers and Internet usage, whether by children at home or at public places such as schools and libraries, are here to stay. Tremendous benefits in terms of educational opportunities, communication, and recreation can be expected. With all the benefits that such information technology provides, however, there is an element of risk that should not inhibit its use but must be attended to and managed.