Smartphone Eye Examination: Artificial Intelligence and Telemedicine.

The current medical scenario is closely linked to recent progress in telecommunications, photodocumentation, and artificial intelligence (AI). Smartphone eye examination may represent a promising tool in the technological spectrum, with special interest for primary health care services. Obtaining fundus imaging with this technique has improved and democratized the teaching of fundoscopy, but in particular, it contributes greatly to screening diseases with high rates of blindness.

Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in Autoimmune Retinopathy.

Purpose: To describe the results of an intravitreal dexamethasone implant in managing autoimmune retinopathy (AIR).

Methods: Two patients affected by AIR underwent intravitreal dexamethasone implantation and were followed by ocular coherence tomography, visual fields, and electroretinography.

Results: The patients showed an interruption of the functional losses and remained stable with semestral injections.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Visual Impairment in Patients with Angioid Streaks and Macular Neovascularization.

Objective: To estimate the incidence and risk factors of visual impairment and complications in eyes with macular neovascularization (MNV) because of angioid streaks (ASs).

Design: Longitudinal multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Subjects: Patients with AS-associated MNV treated with anti-VEGF agents and a follow-up of > 3 months.

Extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like: Case series and review.

Purpose: To describe the clinical characteristics of two patients affected by extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like (EMAP).

Methods: Two patients affected by EMAP underwent multimodal imaging, including fundus autofluorescence and optical coherence tomography.

Results: The patients showed the typical clinical appearance with macular atrophy with larger vertical axis surrounded by pseudodrusen-like deposits involving the midperiphery, associated with paving stone lesions in the retinal periphery.

Ocular Alterations Associated with Primary Congenital Heart Disease - A Cross-sectional Study.

Objective: The objective of the study was to asses ocular findings' prevalence in children with primary congenital heart disease (CHD).

Patients And Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study of children with CHD treated at a specialized center in the South of Brazil between 2013 and 2015. They underwent a complete ocular examination, including measurement of visual acuity, refraction test, external motility, anterior and posterior biomicroscopy, and binocular indirect fundoscopy with retinal photographs.

Mycosis Fungoides: Analysis of Ophthalmologic Findings in a Series of Cases.

Background: Ophthalmic findings in mycosis fungoides (MF) can be highly variable. It seems that the prevalence of ophthalmic findings could be much more common than previously assumed.

Objective: To present case series examined in the last 12 months, together with a literature review.

Genetic Syndromes Associated with Congenital Cardiac Defects and Ophthalmologic Changes - Systematization for Diagnosis in the Clinical Practice.

Background: Numerous genetic syndromes associated with heart disease and ocular manifestations have been described. However, a compilation and a summarization of these syndromes for better consultation and comparison have not been performed yet.

Objective: The objective of this work is to systematize available evidence in the literature on different syndromes that may cause congenital heart diseases associated with ocular changes, focusing on the types of anatomical and functional changes.

Amplitude of Accommodation in Schoolchildren.

Purpose: Hofstetter's equations are based on studies of Amplitude of Accommodation (AA) with methodological limitations, particularly in the case of children younger than 10 years of age. The aim of this study is to evaluate AA by age, gender, economic status, and time of day as well as accommodative insufficiency prevalence.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 867 schoolchildren aged 6-16 years attending two public schools in the urban area of the South Brazilian city of Pelotas.

Posterior Chamber Hemorrhage during Fluorescein Angiography.

This paper provides the first reported case of acute posterior chamber hemorrhage during fluorescein angiography (FA). This is a case review with serial color photographs of the anterior segment. A 76-year-old male was referred for angiographic control of age-related macular degeneration.

Moderate hyperopia prevalence and associated factors among elementary school students.

Hyperopia is the most common refractive condition in childhood. There are few studies on moderate hyperopia and associated factors. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of moderate hyperopia and associated factors among school children.

Prevalence of asthenopia in children: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of asthenopia in 0-18 year-old children through a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies.

Sources: Inclusion criteria were population-based studies from 1960 to May of 2014 reporting the prevalence of asthenopia in children. The search was performed independently by two reviewers in the PubMed, EMBASE, and LILACS databases, with no language restriction.

Prevalence of ophthalmological abnormalities in children and adolescents with CHD: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: CHDs form a complex and heterogeneous group of clinical entities, with high morbidity and mortality. With the advancement of surgical and invasive techniques and clinical treatment, the survival of these patients has increased significantly, and there are reports of a high prevalence of ocular abnormalities in this group. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ocular findings in children and adolescents diagnosed with CHD.

Hyperopia: a meta-analysis of prevalence and a review of associated factors among school-aged children.

Background: Studies show great variability in the prevalence of hyperopia among children. This study aimed to synthesize the existing knowledge about hyperopia prevalence and its associated factors in school children and to explore the reasons for this variability.

Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines.

Hepatitis C virus induces abnormalities in surface and intraocular pressure: a comparative study.

Objectives: Various ocular lesions are associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Few studies have focused on untreated patients. This study aims to describe ocular lesions in untreated HCV-infected patients without ophthalmic symptoms by means of a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination.

[Avulsed retinal vessels].

Purpose: To describe the clinical evolution of cases with avulsed retinal vessels without retinal detachment treated with laser or scleral buckle.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of cases with avulsed retinal vessels treated between 2001-2003. Laser photocoagulation or scleral buckle was used.