Compartmentalization of multi-enzymes within designable metal-organic frameworks (MOF): A review of systematic approaches.

Integrating multi-enzyme systems within metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has garnered significant attention in biocatalysis due to their tunable structural properties and ability to enhance enzyme performance in cascade reactions. The unique features of MOFs, such as well-defined pore apertures, tailorable compositions, and high loading capacity, facilitate the design of robust multi-enzyme bio-composites with enhanced recyclability and specificity. This review explores systematic approaches for the compartmentalization and positional co-immobilization of multiple enzymes within MOFs, focusing on two key strategies: (i) layer-by-layer assembly and (ii) pore-engineered compartmentalization.

Two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (2D-MOFs) as a carrier for enzyme immobilization: A review on design and bio-applications.

In the realm of carriers for enzyme immobilization, the use of MOFs has accelerated owing to their exceptional porosity and stability. Among these, 2D metal-organic frameworks (2D-MOFs) have emerged as promising supports for enzyme immobilization. This review highlights advancements in their synthesis, structural properties, and functional characteristics, focusing on enhancing catalytic performance and stability.

Revolutionizing biocatalysis: A review on innovative design and applications of enzyme-immobilized microfluidic devices.

Integrating microfluidic devices and enzymatic processes in biocatalysis is a rapidly advancing field with promising applications. This review explores various facets, including applications, scalability, techno-commercial implications, and environmental consequences. Enzyme-embedded microfluidic devices offer advantages such as compact dimensions, rapid heat transfer, and minimal reagent consumption, especially in pharmaceutical optically pure compound synthesis.

When nanozymes meet enzyme: Unlocking the dual-activity potential of integrated biocomposites.

Integrating enzymes and nanozymes in various applications is a topic of significant interest. The researchers have explored the encapsulation of enzymes using diverse nanostructures to create nanomaterial-enzyme hybrids. These nanomaterials introduce unique properties that contribute to the additional activity along with the stabilization of enzymes in immobilized form, enabling a cascade of second-order reactions.

Microfluidic based continuous enzyme immobilization: A comprehensive review.

Conventional techniques for enzyme immobilization suffer from suboptimal activity recovery due to insufficient enzyme loading and inadequate stability. Furthermore, these techniques are time-consuming and involve multiple steps which limit the applicability of immobilized enzymes. In contrast, the use of microfluidic devices for enzyme immobilization has garnered significant attention due to its ability to precisely control immobilization parameters, resulting in highly active immobilized enzymes.

Magnetic nanoflowers: a hybrid platform for enzyme immobilization.

The use of organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers as a support material for enzyme immobilization has gained significant attention in recent years due to their high stability, ease of preparation, and enhanced catalytic activity. However, a major challenge in utilizing these hybrid nanoflowers for enzyme immobilization is the difficulty in handling and separating them due to their low density and high dispersion. To address this issue, magnetic nanoflowers have emerged as a promising alternative enzyme immobilization platform due to their easy separation, structural stability, and ability to enhance catalytic efficiency.

Techno-Economic Assessment and Sensitivity Analysis of Glycerol Valorization to Biofuel Additives via Esterification.

Glycerol is a valuable feedstock, produced in biorefineries as a byproduct of biodiesel production. Esterification of glycerol with acetic acid yields a mixture of mono-, di-, and triacetins. The acetins are commercially important value-added products with a wide range of industrial applications as fuel additives and fine chemicals.

Solvent Free Upgrading of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with Levulinic Acid to HMF Levulinate Using Tin Exchanged Tungstophosphoric Acid Supported on K-10 Catalyst.

The manufacture of high-value products from biomass derived platform chemicals is becoming an integral part of the biorefinery industry. In this study, we demonstrate a green catalytic process using solvent free conditions for the synthesis of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) levulinate from HMF and levulinic acid (LA) over tin exchanged tungstophosphoric acid (DTP) supported on K-10 (montmorillonite K-10 clay) as the catalyst. The structural properties of solid acid catalysts were characterized by using XRD, FT-IR, UV-vis, titration, and SEM techniques.

Kinetic Analysis of Glycerol Esterification Using Tin Exchanged Tungstophosphoric Acid on K-10.

Glycerol acetins (mono-, di-, and tri) are produced via esterification with acetic acid. The acetins are commercially important industrial chemicals including their application as fuel additives, thus significant to environmental sustainability and economic viability of the biorefinery industry. Glycerol esterification with acetic acid was studied using partial tin exchanged tungstophosphoric acid supported on montmorillonite K-10 as catalysts.

A unified multivariate statistical approach for the assessment of deep groundwater quality of rapidly growing city of Maharashtra Province, India, with potential health risk.

The main aim of this research is to assess the consequences of natural and anthropogenic processes on the groundwater quality of 65 deep aquifers of Nagpur city, Maharashtra Province, India, using a unified multivariate statistical approach. The dominant groundwater type recognized is Ca-HCO (recharge waters) in 43.1 and 38.

The untapped potential of magnetic nanoparticles for forensic investigations: A comprehensive review.

With a growing interest in precise and sensitive diagnosis for criminal investigations, nanoparticles (NPs) have intrigued scientific minds working in the field of forensic science due to their exceptional properties. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as a powerful tool for improving forensic analysis due to their super magnetic behavior combined with smaller dimensions. MNP-based applications can benefit criminologists to solve criminal mysteries with greater precision and pace.

Enzyme embedded microfluidic paper-based analytic device (μPAD): a comprehensive review.

Low-cost paper-based analytical devices are the latest generation of portable lab-on-chip designs that offers an innovative platform for the on/off-site analysis (biosensing) of target analytes, especially in rural and remote areas. Recently, microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have attained significant recognition owing to their exciting fundamental features such as: ease of fabrication, rapid operation, and precise interpretations. The incorporation of enzymes with paper-based analytical devices significantly improves analytical performance while exhibiting excellent chemical and storage stability.