Accessibility, detection, bioaccumulation, concentration and toxicity studies of antibiotics in fish.

The widespread use of antibiotics in aquaculture has led to significant concerns regarding their presence in aquatic environments, their bioaccumulation in fish, and their potential toxicity to both aquatic life and human consumers. Antibiotics are extensively utilized to prevent and treat bacterial infections in farmed fish, but their residues have been detected in fish tissues, water bodies, and sediments. These residues contribute to antibiotic resistance, disrupt microbial ecosystems, and pose health risks upon consumption.

Quantitative bead-based multiplex assay for simultaneous determination of IgG concentrations of pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, pertactin, diphtheria, tetanus, Haemophilus influenzae b, and hepatitis B in human serum samples.

Background: Multiplex serological assays provide opportunities for seroprevalence studies and for evaluating antibodies post-vaccination. In this report, we describe the development and validation of a seven-plex bead-based assay for quantifying human immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin (PRN), diphtheria toxoid (DT), tetanus toxoid (TT), Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib), and hepatitis B (Hep B) using international reference standards.

Methods: Existing international human reference sera standards are tailored for monoplex assays and, therefore, require characterization for multiplex assays.

Drought and Herbivory Have Selective Transgenerational Effects on Soybean Eco-Physiology, Defence and Fitness.

Soybeans, one of the most important legumes, face multiple stresses including drought and herbivory. But the potential transfer of the interactive effects of these stressors onto the transgenerational plants has not been understood. We hypothesised that progeny from stressed parents will have enhanced ecophysiology and defence traits through priming, affecting fitness.

Barriers and perceptions of WHONET/BacLink adoption in Nepal: A qualitative study of clinical microbiology laboratories.

Background: The International Vaccine Institute-led CAPTURA (Capturing Data on Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Trends in Use in Regions of Asia) project delivered capacity building activities to strengthen antimicrobial resistance surveillance activities in Nepal.

Methods: The CAPTURA project trained 97 laboratory personnel from 19 hospitals on the use of WHONET/BacLink software to manage microbiology data in Nepal during 2020-2021. Approximately two years later, the trainees were followed up by phone to assess implementation status and effectiveness of the training.

Unraveling the Mechanisms of Diabetic Wounds: Insights into Pathogenesis and Advanced Treatment Strategies.

Diabetic wounds are a class of chronic wounds that exhibit significant healing abnormalities due to dysregulated cytokines, growth factors, and unique cellular expressions, currently affecting an estimated 9.1-26.1 million people per year globally.

Drought and Herbivory Drive Physiological and Phytohormonal Changes in Soybean (Glycine max Merril): Insights From a Meta-Analysis.

With climate change, abiotic and biotic stresses such as drought and herbivory are predicted to further diminish agricultural productivity. Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill), a crop of global economic importance, is vulnerable to both.

Progresses in Wound Healing: Integrating Nutrition, Physical Therapy, Traditional and Alternative Medicine, and Novel Technologies.

Wound healing is a complex, tightly regulated biological process essential for restoring the integrity and functionality of damaged skin. Chronic wounds, affecting approximately 6.5 million individuals globally and 1.

Prevalence and causes of hearing impairment: a cross-sectional study in Karnali Province, Nepal.

Objective: This research aims to assess the prevalence, severity and underlying causes of hearing impairments.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used multistage stratified sampling to select 2148 individuals from Salyan and Surkhet, following the World Health Organization's Ear and Hearing Survey Handbook.

Results: Among 1946 participants, 38.

Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for simultaneous estimation of residual glyphosate and its metabolite (amino methyl phosphonic acid - AMPA) in various vaccines.

There is growing interest of monitoring of glyphosate (GLYP) and its active metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in pharmaceuticals globally. Vaccines represents an important class of pharmaceuticals for human and veterinary use. In this work, a robust, sensitive and direct ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) based method was developed and validated.

In-Silico Approaches for Drug Designing Technology: Bridging Discovery and Development.

Traditional drug discovery processes have disadvantages such as efficiency, cost, and high attrition rates. In silico methods, involving computational simulations and modelling, offer powerful solutions to bridge the gap between discovery and development. This review explores various in silico approaches, including ligand-based and structure-based drug design, virtual screening, molecular docking, and ADMET prediction.

based Diabetic Wound Healer from Nature: An Update.

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease of high levels of glucose in the blood and affecting 536.6 million people in the world between the age group of 20-79 with management spent of 11% of the total worldwide. Wound healing in diabetics is impaired due to many factors like high blood sugar, poor blood circulation, damaged blood vessels, diabetic neuropathy, decreased immune responses etc.

Pulsating Drought and Insect Herbivory Cause Differential Effects on Soybean () Genotypes That Vary in Canopy Wilting Speed.

As a result of climate change, global temperatures are increasing, and water scarcity is on the rise. Soybean [ () Merr] is one of the most important crops in the world due to its importance as food and feed. One of the major limiting factors for soybean production is drought, which can cause up to 80% reduction in yield.

Ecological interactions, host plant defenses, and control strategies in managing soybean looper, (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Soybean looper (SBL), (Walker 1858) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most damaging insect pests of soybean, (L.) Merr., in the mid-south region of the United States, and causes significant economic losses to cotton, sunflower, tomato, and tobacco crops in the United States, Brazil, and Argentina.

Muffled olfactory and sensory cues from the reproductive stage soybean selectively reduce oviposition of a major polyphagous herbivore, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda).

Background: While the mother knows best/preference performance hypothesis has been well tested in natural ecosystems, how these ecological principles differ in agroecosystems is less explored. In this study, we investigated the ovipositional preference and offspring performance of fall armyworm (FAW) across vegetative and reproductive stages of soybean.

Results: We examined trichomes, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and assessed electroantennogram (EAG) measurements to understand how olfactory responses are affected by volatiles at different phenological stages during photoperiodism (photophase and scotophase).

Comparative analysis of high-fat diets: Effects of mutton, beef, and vegetable fats on body weight, biochemical profiles, and liver histology in mice.

Background: High-fat diets are associated with metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and liver disorders. Beef and mutton, both widely consumed meats, are significant sources of animal fat, while soybean oil, a commonly used cooking oil, is a prominent source of plant-derived fat. This study aimed to compare the effects of regular consumption of beef fat, mutton fat, and soybean oil in mice to assess potential health risks.

Status of Abortion-Related Stigma in Nepal using Stigmatizing Attitudes, Beliefs, and Actions Scale.

Background: Despite substantial improvements in the accessibility of safe abortion services nationwide, a noticeable underutilization of these services persists, primarily attributable to the presence of social stigma. This stigma leads to discrimination, abuse, and poor healthcare. This study aims to understand and address abortion stigma among Nepali women of reproductive age.

A randomized, active-controlled, multi-centric, phase-II clinical study to assess safety and immunogenicity of a fully liquid DTwP-HepB-IPV-Hib hexavalent vaccine (HEXASIIL®) in Indian toddlers.

Background: Combination vaccines are effective in simplifying complex vaccination schedules involving multiple vaccines. A fully liquid hexavalent diphtheria (D)-tetanus (T)-whole-cell pertussis (wP)- hepatitis B (HepB)-inactivated poliovirus (IPV)-Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) vaccine (HEXASIIL®), manufactured by Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd.

Immune-mediated Bowel Disease: Role of Intestinal Parasites and Gut Microbiome.

Immune-mediated bowel diseases (IMBD), notably ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, impose a substantial global health burden due to their intricate etiology and escalating prevalence. The nexus between intestinal parasites and the gut microbiome in IMBD is a dynamic and complex field of study. Several studies have evidenced the capacity of intestinal parasites to modulate the gut microbiome, inducing alterations in microbial diversity, abundance, and metabolic activity.