Ripple effect of temporary self-sampling HPV test on screening uptake in the next round: A secondary analysis of the ACCESS randomized controlled trial.

The self-sampling human papillomavirus (HPV) test improves participation in cervical cancer screening. However, the ripple effect of this test on participation in the next screening round has not yet been examined. This study, a secondary analysis of the Accelerating Cervical Cancer Elimination by Self-Sampling test (ACCESS) trial, aims to clarify this effect.

Bevacizumab in frontline chemotherapy improved the survival outcome for advanced ovarian clear cell carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective analysis.

Objective: Advanced ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is associated with poor outcomes owing to chemoresistance. Bevacizumab (Bev) is increasingly being used to treat advanced ovarian cancer; however, its efficacy in OCCC remains unclear. This study evaluated the treatment outcomes of frontline bevacizumab chemotherapy in patients with OCCC.

Intra- and postoperative complications associated with diaphragmatic surgery for advanced ovarian cancer.

Objective: Diaphragmatic resection is frequently required to achieve optimal cytoreduction with no residual disease in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Pleural effusion and pneumothorax are known short-term postoperative complications of diaphragmatic resection; however, few studies have reported intraoperative and long-term postoperative complications of this procedure. We investigated the intraoperative, as well as short- and long-term postoperative complications of diaphragmatic resection.

Evaluation of the usefulness of sentinel lymph node mapping using indocyanine green in patients with cervical and endometrial cancers: A single-center prospective exploratory study.

Aim: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping using indocyanine green (ICG) is an alternative for reducing comprehensive lymph node dissection and its associated morbidity. This trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ICG for SLN detection in patients with cervical and endometrial cancers at a single academic teaching hospital.

Methods: This single-arm, open-label trial conducted at Chiba University Hospital included patients with endometrial or cervical cancer, aged 20-70 years, with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1.

Resolution of pelvic postoperative spindle cell nodule with sarcomatous onset after 9 years of follow-up.

Introduction: Postoperative spindle cell nodules are benign and reactive lesions that occur at the previous surgical site. It often develops like a sarcoma and is resected via highly invasive procedures. To date, there have been no published reports on the natural progression of postoperative spindle cell nodules without surgical intervention.

Anti-Centromere Protein A Antibody Disrupts the Competence of Mouse Oocytes Matured In Vitro.

Introduction: Anticentromere autoantibodies are associated with refractory IVF/ET failure, but causality is unclear. Experimental models are needed.

Methods: Immature oocytes collected from 23-day-old mice were matured in vitro for 18 h in a culture medium containing an anti-human centromere protein A (CENP-A) polyclonal antibody, and those oocytes' maturity and chromosome/spindle structure were assessed.

Remnant ureter abscess linked to obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly syndrome.

Patients with obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA) syndrome sometimes present with distinct symptoms related to coexisting urogenital abnormalities. We present a case of refractory abscess formation in a blind-ended remnant ureter associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis. A 15-year-old patient with OHVIRA syndrome, who had a blind-ended remnant ureter, underwent obstructed hemivagina opening 18 months after menarche due to heavy genital bleeding and abdominal pain after the end of menstruation.

Progesterone improves motor coordination impairments caused by postnatal hypoxic-ischemic brain insult in neonatal male rats.

Background: Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insult in infants induces brain injury and results in motor coordination impairments associated with cerebral palsy; however, preventive measures for HI brain injury in preterm infants remain unclear. We investigated the impact of progesterone (P4) in a rat HI insult model that mimics HI brain injury in preterm infants.

Methods: Neonatal male rats with their right common carotid artery coagulated were exposed to a 1-h hypoxia (6% oxygen) on postnatal day (PND) 3.

Single-nucleotide polymorphism array and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis to decode the cytogenetic profile of atypical partial hydatidiform moles diagnosed by short tandem repeat polymorphism analysis.

Accurate diagnosis of partial hydatidiform moles (PHMs) is crucial for improving outcomes of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. The use of short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphism analysis to distinguish between PHM and hydropic abortuses is instrumental; however, its diagnostic power has not been comprehensively assessed. Herein, we evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of STR in differentiating between PHM and hydropic abortus, thus providing an opportunity for early measurement of human chorionic gonadotropin for PHMs.

Anticentromere antibodies are the most potent antinuclear antibodies in reducing live birth outcomes after ICSI.

Research Question: How, and to what extent, do anticentromere antibodies (ACA) reduce live birth outcomes after ICSI?

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of infertile women aged 30-43 years who underwent ICSI between September 2016 and March 2021. Women with a history or current diagnosis of symptomatic connective tissue disease were excluded. Immunofluorescence staining detected antinuclear antibodies (ANA).

Effectiveness of self-sampling human papillomavirus test on precancer detection and screening uptake in Japan: The ACCESS randomized controlled trial.

Japan is lagging in cervical cancer prevention. The effectiveness of a self-sampling human papillomavirus (HPV) test, a possible measure to overcome this situation, has not yet been evaluated. A randomized controlled trial was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-sampling HPV test on detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) and screening uptake.

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms after treatment for ovarian cancer: A retrospective single-center case series.

Objective: Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs) are often fatal and arise as late complications of previous anticancer drug treatment. No single-center case series has examined t-MNs in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Methods: All patients with EOC treated at Chiba University Hospital between 2000 and 2021 were included.

Removal of an Intrauterine Polypoid Lesion Resolved Chemotherapy-resistant Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: A Case Report.

Background/aim: Single-agent chemotherapy typically has curative outcomes in patients with low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). Although surgical intervention is a potential alternative, its efficacy in these patients remains unclear. This report describes a case in which surgical excision of a uterine polypoid lesion resolved chemotherapy-resistant low-risk GTN.

Evaluation of Combined p57KIP2 Immunohistochemistry and Fluorescent in situ Hybridization Analysis for Hydatidiform Moles Compared with Genotyping Diagnosis.

Immunostaining with p57KIP2 is a widely used diagnostic technique to differentiate complete hydatidiform moles (CHMs) from partial hydatidiform moles (PHM) and non-molar hydropic abortion. However, distinguishing between PHMs and non-molar hydropic abortions using histopathology alone is often challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the technical validity and additional benefits of using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in combination with p57KIP2 immunostaining to diagnose molar and non-molar conceptuses.

Metroplasty increases the take-home baby rate by reducing pregnancy loss without changing the chance of conception in women with septate uterus: a retrospective, single-center, observational study.

Background: Although abdominal or hysteroscopic metroplasty for septate uterus is considered to reduce pregnancy loss and increase the take-home baby (THB) rate in women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss, there exists an inherent risk of impaired fertility. This study aimed to clarify the reproductive outcomes of women with septate uterus who underwent abdominal and hysteroscopic metroplasty in a single center.

Methods: This retrospective observational study enrolled 27 women who underwent metroplasty between 2007 and 2019.

Total human chorionic gonadotropin is a more suitable diagnostic marker of gestational trophoblastic diseases than the free β-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin.

Objectives: Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels are essential for the management of trophoblastic diseases. This study aimed to compare the sensitivities and relationships of two hCG measurement methods (total hCG and the free β-subunit of hCG) in managing gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD).

Design And Methods: We analyzed data from patients treated for GTD at Chiba University Hospital between 2008 and 2019.

Postpartum acute adrenal insufficiency of early-onset Sheehan syndrome: A case series study in a single center.

Aim: To identify the symptoms and relevant factors associated with acute adrenal insufficiency of early-onset Sheehan syndrome.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 125 women admitted to our intensive care unit because of postpartum hemorrhage between January 2011 and December 2021. Three women developed acute adrenal insufficiency.

Reproductive outcomes following abdominal repair for cesarean scar defect in women who desire subsequent pregnancies: A single-center retrospective study.

Objective: To clarify the reproductive outcomes of women who underwent abdominal repair surgery for cesarean scar defect (CSD).

Study Design: This is a retrospective observational study performed in a tertiary center. We retrospectively reviewed 20 women who underwent abdominal repair between 2007 and 2021.

RISING STARS: Role of MED12 mutation in the pathogenesis of uterine fibroids.

Uterine fibroids (UFs) are benign tumors arising from the uterus, characterized by accumulation of abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) and sex steroid-dependent growth. Women with symptomatic UFs have reduced quality of life and decreased labor productivity. Among the driver gene mutations identified in UFs, mutations in MED12, a component of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) Mediator module, are the most common and observed in 50-80% of UFs.

A Phase Ib Study of Durvalumab (MEDI4736) in Combination with Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy and Weekly Cisplatin for Patients with Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer (DECISION Study): The Early Safety and Efficacy Results.

We conducted a phase Ib study to examine the safety of a combination of carbon-ion RT (CIRT) with durvalumab (MEDI4736; AstraZeneca) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. This was an open-label, single-arm study with a modified 3 + 3 design. Patients with newly diagnosed histologically proven locally advanced cervical cancer were enrolled.

Acceptability of self-sampling human papillomavirus test for cervical cancer screening in Japan: A questionnaire survey in the ACCESS trial.

Purpose: In terms of medical policy for cervical cancer prevention, Japan lags far behind other industrialized countries. We initiated a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the self-sampling human papillomavirus (HPV) test as a tool to raise screening uptake and detection of pre-cancer. This study was conducted to explore the acceptability and preference of self-sampling using a subset of the data from this trial.

Acute vulvar ulcer as a possible adverse event of gene-based COVID-19 vaccines: A review of 14 cases.

Aim: To evaluate whether an acute vulvar ulcer that developed after the COVID-19 vaccine administration is an adverse effect of the vaccine.

Methods: This is a descriptive study of two cases that we observed in addition to cases that have been reported in the literature. We searched for case reports in the PubMed.

Prognosis prediction of uterine cervical cancer using changes in the histogram and texture features of apparent diffusion coefficient during definitive chemoradiotherapy.

Objectives: We investigated prospectively whether, in cervical cancer (CC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), the Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram and texture parameters and their change rates during treatment could predict prognosis.

Methods: Fifty-seven CC patients treated with CCRT at our institution were included. They underwent MRI scans up to four times during the treatment course (1st, before treatment [n = 41], 2nd, at the start of image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT) [n = 41], 3rd, in the middle of IGBT [n = 27], 4th, after treatment [n = 53]).