Management of COVID-19 associated coagulopathy in critically ill patients and the risk of acquired von willebrand syndrome.

This study investigated the interplay between thrombosis and hemorrhage in critically ill COVID-19 patients, particularly those on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Forty-three mechanically ventilated patients were divided into ECMO (n = 22) and non-ECMO (n = 21) groups. Thrombotic events occurred similarly in both groups (22.

Daily combined measurement of platelet count and presepsin concentration can predict in-hospital death of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

The purpose of this study was to classify patients with severe COVID-19 into more detailed risk groups using coagulation/fibrinolysis, inflammation/immune response, and alveolar/myocardial damage biomarkers, as well as to identify prognostic markers for these patients. These biomarkers were measured every day for eight intensive care unit days in 54 adult patients with severe COVID-19. The patients were classified into survivor (n = 40) and non-survivor (n = 14) groups.

Th1 cytokine endotype discriminates and predicts severe complications in COVID-19.

Treatment of severe and critical cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still a top priority in public health. Previously, we reported distinct Th1 cytokines related to the pathophysiology of severe COVID-19 condition. In the present study, we investigated the association of Th1 and Th2 cytokine/chemokine endotypes with cell-mediated immunity via multiplex immunophenotyping, single-cell RNA-Seq analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and analysis of the clinical features of COVID-19 patients.

Long-Term Dietary Taurine Lowers Plasma Levels of Cholesterol and Bile Acids.

Cholesterol is an essential lipid in vertebrates, but excess blood cholesterol promotes atherosclerosis. In the liver, cholesterol is metabolized to bile acids by cytochrome P450, family 7, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 (CYP7A1), the transcription of which is negatively regulated by the ERK pathway. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a hepatokine, induces ERK phosphorylation and suppresses transcription.

Overexpression of collagen type III in injured myocardium prevents cardiac systolic dysfunction by changing the balance of collagen distribution.

Objective: Left ventricular (LV) remodeling alters the contractile and relaxation properties and induces myocardial stiffness. As LV remodeling progresses, the amount of collagen type III (Col3) is gradually decreased, being replaced by collagen type I (Col1). We evaluated whether Col3 overexpression improved cardiac function and remodeling in a rat with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM).

Taurine is an amino acid with the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes.

Alterations in adipocyte characteristics are highly implicated in the pathology of obesity. In a recent article, we demonstrated that high-fat diet-induced obesity impairs lysosomal function, thereby suppressing autophagy in mice white adipose tissue. Taurine, an amino acid naturally contained in the normal diet and existing ubiquitously in tissues, has been reported to improve insulin resistance and chronic inflammation in animal models, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Risk factors for breakage of biodegradable plate systems after bilateral sagittal split mandibular setback surgery.

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with breakage of biodegradable plate systems after bilateral sagittal split mandibular setback. We studied 169 Japanese adults (62 men, 107 women; age range 16-53 years) with deformities of the jaw diagnosed as mandibular prognathism. All patients were treated by bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) with 2 biodegradable fixation plates and screws at the anterior mandibular ramus.

Epidermal choristoma arising on the midline gingiva as a congenital epulis: a case report.

We report an extremely rare case of epidermal choristoma in the midline of the maxillary gingiva. A 2-month-old Japanese boy presented with a polypoid mass in the midline of the maxillary gingiva. The initial clinical diagnosis was congenital epulis.

Comparison of material-related complications after bilateral sagittal split mandibular setback surgery: biodegradable versus titanium miniplates.

Purpose: The aim of the present prospective study was to compare material-related complications using biodegradable and titanium miniplates after bilateral sagittal split mandibular setback surgery.

Patients And Methods: The subjects included 200 Japanese adults (67 men and 133 women, age range 18 to 45 years) with jaw deformities diagnosed as mandibular prognathism. All patients were prospectively and consecutively randomized to 2 study groups, receiving biodegradable or titanium fixation plates.

Reduced syndecan-1 expression is correlated with the histological grade of malignancy at the deep invasive front in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Although many histopathological characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma (O-SCC) have been identified as prognostic factors, no factor is completely accurate and unequivocal. This study evaluated the association between the loss of syndecan-1 expression and the histological grade of malignancy at the deep invasive front in O-SCC.

Methods: The expression of syndecan-1 at the invasive tumor front of O-SCC was examined immunohistochemically using archived tissue from 72 cases.