Time Since Death Estimation via mRNA Expression of GAPDH and ACTB in Human Skeletal Muscle.

Meticulous determination of the time since death (TSD) is critical in certain criminal investigations. This study aimed to identify optimal markers for TSD estimation and develop a mathematical model applicable under varying conditions. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and β-Actin (ACTB) mRNA levels were analyzed in 10 human skeletal muscle samples using real-time quantitative PCR at eight time intervals (6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, and 48 h) within 48 h postmortem at 25°C.

Sudden Death in Children and Young Adults: Etiologies, Risk Stratification, and Prevention Strategies.

Sudden death in children and young adults, while uncommon, carries profound clinical and societal implications. Cardiac causes, particularly inherited arrhythmias and cardiomyopathies, account for most cases, though neurologic, toxicologic, traumatic, and infectious etiologies also contribute significantly. This review explores the epidemiology, classification, and pathophysiologic mechanisms of sudden death in this population, emphasizing early clinical warning signs and identifiable risk factors.

Exploring Internet Health Information Seeking Behavior of Caregivers in a Tertiary Pediatric Outpatient Setting in Eastern India.

Introduction: To study internet health information-seeking behavior and its determinants among caregivers in a tertiary Pediatric Outpatient Department (OPD) in Eastern India.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between September and December 2022 at the Pediatric Outpatient Department of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Deoghar, India. A 13-item validated questionnaire was administered through face-to-face interviews, capturing demographic information and internet health information-seeking behavior.

A novel assay for rapid screening of embryotoxicity in multiple species.

Comprehensive analysis of environmental and health hazards posed by pharmaceutical products and pollutants is essential for human safety, and the assessment protocols include animal testing. However, there is an emphasis on adopting the principle of 3Rs, which encourages the utilization of non-animal as well as alternate animal models. Due to more than one cell type, embryos are considered as an alternative to animal models.

A study to assess the utility of forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced expiratory volume in 6 seconds in diagnosing obstructive airway disease.

According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria, the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the 1st second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) is required to diagnose chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, it becomes difficult for all patients to meet the proper criteria. Hence, replacing FVC with forced expiratory volume after 6 seconds (FEV6) can help patients get results early with fewer complications.