Short-term effects of chemical and noise pollution during heat and cold waves on emergency hospital admissions in Madrid.

Cold and heatwaves and air pollution have a joint, direct impact on population health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined impact of chemical air and noise pollution on hospital admissions during warm and cold months, with a breakdown by age group. We conducted a time-series study of unscheduled emergency admissions by specific causes in Madrid across the period 2013-2018.

Inactivated promotes a persistent antiviral immune status in porcine alveolar macrophages.

Globalization has increased the incidence of infectious diseases in livestock, further aggravated by the reduction of antibiotic usage. To minimize the resulting economic consequences to the meat production industry, as well as the risk of zoonotic events, the use of immunostimulants has emerged as a potential strategy to enhance animal resilience to diseases. In particular, the capability of bacterial-based immunostimulants to modulate innate immune cells functionality makes them cost-effective candidates as vaccine adjuvants, antimicrobials, or preventive immunostimulators inducing long-term innate immune memory in livestock.

How air pollution affects cause-specific emergency hospital admissions on days with biomass combustion in Spain?

Although wildfires are growing in number, intensity and extent due to climate change, few studies have been undertaken to analyse their health impact, and fewer still to analyse the impact of variables other than particulate matter. The objective of this study is to analyse the short-term impact of NO, PM, PM, O and temperature in heat waves on emergency hospital admissions in Spain on days when biomass combustion occurs. We conducted an ecological longitudinal time series study across the period 2013-2018.

Investigating majority-minority asymmetries between intergroup contact and collective action for Roma rights.

The Roma-an ethnic minority group in Europe-continues to face high levels of discrimination. This research explores how the quality of contact between Roma and non-Roma is associated with collective action participation for Roma rights in Spain. It examines non-Roma as potential allies (Study 1; N = 239) and Roma (Study 2; N = 259), while considering the roles of social class, social identification (Roma and multiculturalist identities) and perceived discrimination in this process.

How air pollution and extreme temperatures affect emergency hospital admissions due to various respiratory causes in Spain, by age group: A nationwide study.

This study set out to use specifically calculated dose-response functions to analyse how air pollution and extreme temperatures affected short-term daily emergency admissions due to respiratory diseases (asthma, upper respiratory tract infections and pneumonias) in the general population, children under 14 years of age and adults over 65 years of age, in all Spanish provinces across the period January 1, 2013─December 31, 2018. The following independent variables were used: mean daily NO, PM, PM and O concentrations recorded at all air pollution monitoring stations situated in the respective provinces; and maximum and minimum daily temperatures measured at reference observatories. Using generalised linear models (GLM) with a Poisson link, and controlling for trend, seasonalities and the autoregressive nature of the series, we calculated the relative risks for statistically significant associations.