The impact of a summer research internship program on research engagement of osteopathic medical students.

Context: Research plays a critical role in the medical field, driving progress and shaping clinical guidelines. It has become particularly significant in the residency application process due to the advent of "pass or fail" scoring for Step 1. Unfortunately, there is a marked discrepancy between the quantity of research conducted by osteopathic and allopathic students, disadvantaging many osteopathic residency applicants.

Fipronil Tissue Residues and Withdrawal Period Feasibility in Laying Hens After Extra-Label Use.

Fipronil, a broad-spectrum insecticide, is often used off-label in laying hens to control red mites. This study investigated fipronil residue levels in hen tissues after simulating common extra-label administrations: in-feed (1 mg kg twice) and transdermal (1 mg kg once). Fipronil residues were quantified by HPLC-MS/MS.

Molecular characterisation of the residual disease after neoadjuvant endocrine therapy in ER+/HER2- breast cancer uncovers biomarkers of tumour response.

Background: Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NET) in oestrogen receptor-positive /HER2-negative breast cancer (ER+/HER2- BC) allows real-time evaluation of treatment sensitivity by monitoring tumour response and offers the opportunity of personalised therapy. However, the lack of reproducible biomarkers to assess response and long-term prognosis after NET is a significant barrier to increase its indications.

Methods: In this study we searched for clinically relevant molecular reporters of response to NET in a multicentre population of ER+/HER2- BC patients (n = 87) by using: PAM50 gene expression panel and immunohistochemical evaluation of key proteins involved in tumorigenesis.

Symmetries in metabolic networks of .

The over-representation of motifs was previously considered a viable definition of building blocks in biological networks. Here, we construct an alternative definition based on invariance properties of enzymes in metabolic networks of . In particular, we consider input trees of each enzyme that bundle all metabolic reactions where information is transmitted.

Genetic interaction between oxidative stress and body mass index in a Spanish population.

Oxidative stress may act as a contributing factor in the development of an elevated body mass index (BMI). Oxidative stress has the potential to modulate genetic activity at various levels, including gene transcription and protein function regulation. Nevertheless, the interplay between genetic variants and oxidative stress in relation to BMI remains to be elucidated.

Anthraquinone-2-sulfonate immobilized on granular activated carbon inhibits methane production during the anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater.

Granular activated carbon (GAC) and GAC modified with anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) were used as conductive materials during the anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater (SW). The electron transfer capacity (ETC) in the GAC-AQS was 2.1-fold higher than the unmodified GAC.

A novel 4-aminoquinoline chemotype with multistage antimalarial activity and lack of cross-resistance with PfCRT and PfMDR1 mutants.

Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is the mainstay of effective treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, the long-term utility of ACTs is imperiled by widespread partial artemisinin resistance in Southeast Asia and its recent emergence in parts of East Africa. This underscores the need to identify chemotypes with new modes of action (MoAs) to circumvent resistance to ACTs.

Electrochemical Oxidation of UV Filters: A First-Principles Molecular Dynamics Study.

A theoretical model is proposed to study the oxidation mechanisms of the organic UV filters BP3 and BP4 during electrochemical water treatment utilizing Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics. Factors such as the amount of solvent to be included and how to design the system with the least possible intervention are discussed. The proposed model consist of the optimization of the geometries by density functional theory methods, the equilibration of the structure immersed in a water box, the inclusion of the reactive species, and the analysis of the reaction energies of each reaction pathway.

A Test of Reliability: Cranial Rhythmic Impulse for Distant Diagnoses.

Context The osteopathic cranial field suggests that cranial rhythmic impulse (CRI) can be used to examine distal segments. However, there is a lack of research on the reliability of using CRI to diagnose other distal segments. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using the cranial vault hold compared to traditional osteopathic diagnostic techniques to diagnose somatic dysfunctions at the following segments: atlantooccipital joint (OA), atlantoaxial joint (AA), cervical-4 (C4), cervical-7 (C7), thoracic-6 (T6), thoracic-12 (T12), lumbar-3 (L3), sacrum, left innominate, right fibular head, and left radial head.

On the Simulation of Photoreactions Using Restricted Open-Shell Kohn-Sham Theory.

It is a well-established standard to describe ground-state chemical reactions at an ab initio level of multi-electron theory. Fast reactions can be directly simulated. The most widely used approach is density functional theory for the electronic structure in combination with molecular dynamics for the nuclear motion.

Anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle in Brazil and Argentina - current status and global perspectives.

This review outlines the current state of anthelmintic resistance (AHR) of gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) among cattle in Argentina and Brazil, emphasizing the economic repercussions, animal health and welfare. The analysis explores factors associated with AHR and proposes a potential solution: the use of drug combinations. Both countries are grappling with a severe AHR scenario in cattle, having progressed through incipient, established, and advanced phases, leading to extreme cases of animal mortality due to ineffective control strategies.

Ovarian Sex Cord Stromal Tumor in a Free-Ranging Brown Bear ().

Reports on neoplasms in bears are scarce, especially concerning ovarian tumors. A large primary ovarian neoplasm with multiple metastasis was found during the necropsy of a 14-year-old free-ranging Eurasian brown bear () from Northwestern Spain. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry allowed for the diagnosis of a sex cord stromal tumor.

In vivo Assessment of AMP2, a Novel Ceramic-Binding BMP-2, in Ovine Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

Study Design: Assessment of bone formation in an ovine interbody fusion study.

Objective: To compare OsteoAdapt SP, which consists of AMP-2, a modified variant of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP-2) bound to a tricalcium phosphate-containing carrier, to autologous iliac crest bone graft (ICBG) in a lumbar interbody fusion model.

Summary Of Background Data: Treatment of lumbar disk degeneration often involves spinal fusion to reduce pain and motion at the affected spinal segment by insertion of a cage containing bone graft material.

Interaction between bacterial microbiota and nematode parasite communities in sheep's gastrointestinal tract.

The economic impact of gastrointestinal (GI) nematode infections on livestock production is well documented worldwide. Increasing evidence supports the hypothesis that parasite colonization induces significant changes in the GI tract environment and, therefore, in the landscape where the microbiota and parasites occur. Understanding the interactions between bacterial and parasite populations in the digestive tract of livestock may be useful to design parasite control strategies based on microbiota modification.

Hiatal Hernia of Stomach and Lesser Omentum in a Cadaver: Is It a Type III or IV?

Hiatal hernias, protrusions of abdominal viscera through the esophageal hiatus, are classified into four types. Types I and II involve ascent of the stomach without affecting the gastroesophageal junction. Types III and IV involve the gastroesophageal junction.

The clinical manifestations of hyperostosis frontalis interna: A qualitative systematic review of cases.

Hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) is a condition defined as abnormal bone growth on the posterior aspect of the frontal bone. Despite uncertainties regarding its etiology and prognosis, clinicians typically consider HFI a benign pathology. There are no studies organizing all the possible manifestations of the disease.

Time warping between main epidemic time series in epidemiological surveillance.

The most common reported epidemic time series in epidemiological surveillance are the daily or weekly incidence of new cases, the hospital admission count, the ICU admission count, and the death toll, which played such a prominent role in the struggle to monitor the Covid-19 pandemic. We show that pairs of such curves are related to each other by a generalized renewal equation depending on a smooth time varying delay and a smooth ratio generalizing the reproduction number. Such a functional relation is also explored for pairs of simultaneous curves measuring the same indicator in two neighboring countries.

Genomic Profiling of Multidrug-Resistant Swine and Clonal Relationship to Human Isolates in Peru.

The misuse of antibiotics is accelerating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in isolated from farm animals. The genomes of ten multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates from pigs were analyzed to determine their sequence types, serotypes, virulence, and AMR genes (ARGs). Additionally, the relationship was evaluated adding all the available genomes of Peruvian from humans using the cgMLST + HierCC scheme.

On a generalized Klausmeier model.

In this paper we study a generalized Klausmeier model replacing the integer derivative by a local fractional derivative. This derivative enables us to consider a wide range of systems with already well-known derivatives. We analyze the stability of this new model as well as the homotopic perturbation method.

Triclabendazole resistance in Fasciola hepatica: First report in sheep from the Santa Cruz province, Argentinian Patagonia.

In the fall of 2022, decreased triclabendazole (TCBZ) efficacy against F. hepatica was suspected in a sheep farm located in the Santa Cruz province, Argentinian Patagonia. Since TCBZ-resistance in F.

Granular activated carbon enhances the anaerobic digestion of solid and liquid fractions of swine effluent at different mesophilic temperatures.

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of particle size and dosage of granular activated carbon (GAC) on methane production from the anaerobic digestion of raw effluent (RE) of swine wastewater, and the solid (SF) and liquid (LF) fractions. The effect of temperature using the selected size and dosage of GAC was also evaluated.

Methods: 60 mL of swine wastewater were inoculated with anaerobic granular sludge and GAC at different dosages and particle size.

Therapeutic advantages of the combined use of closantel and moxidectin in lambs parasitized with resistant gastrointestinal nematodes.

The serious widespread development of nematode resistance has motivated the use of combined anthelmintic formulations. However, the advantages/disadvantages of the combined use of anthelmintics require further scientific characterization. The goals of the current trial were a) to characterize the pharmacokinetics of closantel (CLO) and moxidectin (MXD) administered both subcutaneously (sc) and orally either separately or co-administered (CLO + MXD) to lambs; b) to compare the nematodicidal activity of both molecules given individually or co-administered to lambs infected with resistant nematodes.