Fixed rate vs fixed injection duration in single-pass contrast-enhanced abdominal multi-detector CT: effects on vascular enhancement.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects on vascular enhancement of either a fixed rate (FR) or a fixed injection duration (FID) in single-pass (SP) contrast-enhanced abdominal multi-detector CT (CE-MDCT).

Methods: Ninety-nine (54 M; 45 F; aged 18-86 years) patients with nontraumatic acute abdomen underwent a SP CE-MDCT after i.v.

Training radiology residents to evaluate deep myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer patients on MRI: A learning curve study.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of a four-month training program on radiology residents' diagnostic accuracy in assessing deep myometrial invasion (DMI) in endometrial cancer (EC) using MRI.

Method: Three radiology residents with limited EC MRI experience participated in the training program, which included conventional didactic sessions, case-centric workshops, and interactive classes. Utilizing a training dataset of 120 EC MRI scans, trainees independently assessed subsets of cases over five reading sessions.

Artificial Intelligence and Radiomics for Endometrial Cancer MRI: Exploring the Whats, Whys and Hows.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is intricately linked to obesity and diabetes, which are widespread risk factors. Medical imaging, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), plays a major role in EC assessment, particularly for disease staging. However, the diagnostic performance of MRI exhibits variability in the detection of clinically relevant prognostic factors (e.

R0 surgical resection of giant dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcomas in the COVID era with and without nephrectomy: A case report.

Retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPSs) are rare findings that can grow into large masses without eliciting severe symptoms. At present, surgical resection is the only radical therapy, whenever it can be performed with the aim to achieve a complete removal of the tumor. The present report describes two consecutive cases of RPSs that resulted in dedifferentiated liposarcomas (DDLPSs) and these patients underwent R0 surgical resection with and without a nephron-sparing procedure.

Prediction of 2-[F]FDG PET-CT SUVmax for Adrenal Mass Characterization: A CT Radiomics Feasibility Study.

Background: Indeterminate adrenal masses (AM) pose a diagnostic challenge, and 2-[F]FDG PET-CT serves as a problem-solving tool. Aim of this study was to investigate whether CT radiomics features could be used to predict the 2-[F]FDG SUVmax of AM.

Methods: Patients with AM on 2-[F]FDG PET-CT scan were grouped based on iodine contrast injection as CT contrast-enhanced (CE) or CT unenhanced (NCE).

COVID-19 chest CT and laboratory features of B.1.617.2 (Delta variant) vs B.1.1.7 (Alpha variant) surge: a single center case-control study.

Purpose: To assess clinical, laboratory and radiological differences between Delta and Alpha SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Materials And Methods: Twenty SARS-CoV-2 patients admitted from 30th of August to 30th of October 2021 (period with estimated highest prevalence of Delta variant circulation in Italy) were enrolled. Patients were matched in a 1:1 ratio with same gender and same age +/- 2 years controls admitted from 1st of September 2020 to 30th of January 2021 (predominant circulation of Alpha variant).

Impact of Sarcopenia on Clinical Outcomes in a Cohort of Caucasian Active Crohn's Disease Patients Undergoing Multidetector CT-Enterography.

(1) Background: Sarcopenia has a high incidence in Crohn’s disease (CD) with considerable heterogeneity among ethnicities and variable impact on clinical outcomes. Aim: to assess the impact of sarcopenia on clinical outcomes in a cohort of Caucasian patients with active CD undergoing CT-enterography (CTE) for clinical assessment. We further investigated the prevalence of sarcopenia and its predictors.

Tailored versus fixed scan delay in contrast-enhanced abdominal multi-detector CT: An intra-patient comparison of image quality.

Purpose: To perform anintra-patient comparison betweena single-pass protocol (SP) and a portal venous phase (PVP) by means ofboth quantitative and qualitative analysis of image quality.

Methods: Forty patients (31 M; 9F; aged 20-77 years; BMI 23 ± 4 Kg/m) underwent both a SP and a PVP using a 64-rows multi-detector CT with a median interval time of 56 days (range5-903). All patients underwent i.

Prognostic role of sarcopenia in metastatic colorectal cancer patients during first-line chemotherapy: A retrospective study.

Background: Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by decreased skeletal muscle mass due to physiological ageing or to a concomitant disease such as neoplasia. In cancer patients, a low lean body mass is suggested to be a negative prognostic factor for survival and for the development of dose-limiting chemotherapy toxicities irrespective of disease stage.

Aim: To evaluate the prognostic role of sarcopenia in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) undergoing first-line chemotherapy.

Chest CT in COVID-19 patients: Structured vs conventional reporting.

Purpose: To assess clinician satisfaction with structured (SR) and conventional (CR) radiological reports for chest CT exams in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, objectively comparing both reporting strategies.

Method: We retrospectively included 68 CTs (61 patients) with COVID-19. CRs were collected from the digital database while corresponding SRs were written by an expert radiologist, including a sign checklist, severity score index and final impressions.

Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in Patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: Diagnostic Value of Different MRI Sequences.

Background: MRI is a useful imaging modality to assess the presence of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs), allowing repeat monitoring examinations in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) patients.

Objectives: We aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of conventional MRI sequences to identify which sequence better depicts the presence of PNETs in MEN-1 patients.

Method: We performed a retrospective analysis of consecutive MEN-1 patients who underwent a conventional MRI protocol to monitor previously proven PNETs.

Peritoneal tuberculosis mimicking carcinomatous ascites in a child living in a low prevalence country: a case report.

Background: Ascites can develop as a consequence of a number of diseases in childhood. Despite chronic liver disease is the most common cause, several conditions can lead to ascites also in the absence of liver dysfunction. As non-cirrhotic ascites shows a high degree of overlapping sign and symptoms it is still a challenge for physicians.

Lanreotide Therapy vs Active Surveillance in MEN1-Related Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors < 2 Centimeters.

Purpose: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) are frequent in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome. They are usually not surgically treated unless larger than 1 to 2 cm or a growth rate > 0.5 cm per year.

Comparison Between Multidetector CT and High-Field 3T MR Imaging in Diagnostic and Tumour Extension Evaluation of Patients with Cholangiocarcinoma.

Purpose: To compare multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) findings in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) to establish tumour resectability.

Methods: Thirty patients (22 M, 8 F) with pathologically proven CCA by post-surgical specimens (n = 20), core biopsy (n = 6) or cytology (n = 4) underwent both MDCT and MRI with MRCP. CCA lesions were classified on the basis of anatomical locations in intra-hepatic (iCCA), peri-hilar (pCCA) and distal (dCCA) tumours.

Multi-detector CT enterography in active inflammatory bowel disease: Image quality and diagnostic efficacy of a low-radiation high contrast protocol.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate image quality and diagnostic efficacy of a low radiation-high contrast (LR-HC) CT Enterography (CTE) in active Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD).

Materials And Methods: Eighty-five (36M; 49F; 17-75 yrs) patients with active IBD underwent contrast-enhanced CTE and were stratified in two groups according to age (< or ≥45 yrs): Group A (N = 45; 32 ± 9 yrs; 58 ± 10 kg) and Group B (N = 40; 58 ± 10 yrs; 61 ± 13 kg). Each group received a different amount of radiation (Noise Index, NI) and non-ionic iodinated contrast media (LOCM) as follows: Group A (NI = 15; 2.

Home Parenteral Nutrition in Patients with Intestinal Failure: Possible Undetected Complications.

Background: Septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) may be a frequently undetected complication of central venous catheter (CVC)-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs).

Materials And Methods: The incidence of SPE was evaluated in a cohort of non-oncological patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) who were hospitalized for a CRBSI from January 2013 to December 2017. The main clinical, microbiological, and radiological features and the therapeutic approach were also described.

The antiproliferative effect of pasireotide LAR alone and in combination with everolimus in patients with medullary thyroid cancer: a single-center, open-label, phase II, proof-of-concept study.

Purpose: Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a neuroendocrine tumour of the thyroid C cells. Pasireotide, a multi-receptor targeted somatostatin analogue, and everolimus, an inhibitor of mTOR, showed antitumour properties in neuroendocrine tumours. Aim of this study was to evaluate pasireotide alone and in combination with everolimus in patients with MTC.

Diagnostic efficacy of single-pass abdominal multidetector-row CT: prospective evaluation of a low dose protocol.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of single-pass contrast-enhanced multidetector CT (CE-MDCT) performed with a low-radiation high-contrast (LR-HC) dose protocol in selected patients with non-traumatic acute bowel disease.

Methods: 65 (32 males, 33 females; aged 20-67 years) consecutive patients with non-traumatic acute bowel disease underwent single-pass CE-MDCT performed 70-100 s after i.v.

Multimodal imaging with (18)F-FDG-PET/CT and (111)In-Octreotide SPECT in patients with metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Objective: The aim of our study was to determine the role of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG-PET/CT) and indium-111 Octreotide single photon emission tomography ((111)In-Octreotide SPECT) in the evaluation of metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MMTC).

Methods: Twenty-five MMTC patients were retrospectively evaluated. All patients had undergone whole-body (18)F-FDG-PET/CT including 20 who had also undergone (111)In-Octreotide SPECT within a maximum interval of 6 weeks.

Balancing Radiation and Contrast Media Dose in Single-Pass Abdominal Multidetector CT: Prospective Evaluation of Image Quality.

Rationale And Objectives: As both contrast and radiation dose affect the quality of CT images, a constant image quality in abdominal contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (CE-MDCT) could be obtained balancing radiation and contrast media dose according to the age of the patients.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-two (38 Men; 34 women; aged 20-83 years) patients underwent a single-pass abdominal CE-MDCT. Patients were divided into three different age groups: A (20-44 years); B (45-65 years); and C (>65 years).

Role of (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1).

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a hereditary syndrome predisposing to many endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors (NET). Conventional imaging (CI) cannot provide satisfactory results for all the different types of MEN1-related tumors. Objective of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the role of (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in MEN1 compared to CI.

Non-invasive diagnostic imaging of colorectal liver metastases.

Colorectal cancer is one of the few malignant tumors in which synchronous or metachronous liver metastases [colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs)] may be treated with surgery. It has been demonstrated that resection of CRLMs improves the long-term prognosis. On the other hand, patients with un-resectable CRLMs may benefit from chemotherapy alone or in addition to liver-directed therapies.