Electrode Design for Internal Electric Field Delivery to Brain Tumors: Considering Electrical Power and Dynamic Field Shaping.

Objective: Brain cancer treatment using low intensity electrotherapy techniques is gaining interest. Localized electric field delivery via an implanted array of electrodes, termed Intratumoral Modulation Therapy (IMT), was found efficacious against brain cancers preclinically. With prior IMT studies supporting the transition towards patient application, we consider optimizing the design of electrodes, such that power consumption is minimized while retaining tumor field coverage and field shaping capability.

Tranexamic acid for chronic subdural hematoma.

Background: There is no consensus on optimal treatment for a chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH). In patients with only moderate symptoms treatment with tranexamic acid (TXA) has been suggested. We report off-label use of TXA in seven patients.