Complementary Predictors for Asthma Attack Prediction in Children: Salivary Microbiome, Serum Inflammatory Mediators, and Past Attack History.

Background: Early identification of children at risk of asthma attacks is important for optimizing treatment strategies. We aimed to integrate salivary microbiome and serum inflammatory mediator profiles with asthma attacks history to develop a comprehensive predictive model for future attacks.

Methods: This study contained a discovery (SysPharmPediA) and a replication phase (U-BIOPRED).

A Scoping Review of Literature Exploring the Healthcare Transition of Individuals with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Background: Despite guidelines emphasizing the importance of a structured pediatric-to-adult healthcare transition (HCT) for individuals with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), significant gaps remain in understanding the transition experiences and long-term outcomes of this population. This scoping review examines existing research on HCT for emerging adults with CAH.

Summary: PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were systematically searched to identify research exploring the HCT of individuals with CAH.

Severe Paediatric Asthma Collaborative in Europe: real-world data on children on biologics.

Introduction: Real-world data on children with severe asthma is scarce. We report characteristics of children with severe asthma already on biologics, enrolled in the Severe Paediatric Asthma Collaborative in Europe, a clinical research collaboration of the European Respiratory Society.

Methods: We describe patient's characteristics including asthma control assessed with Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) criteria, composite asthma severity index (CASI), exacerbations, unscheduled medical attendances, lung function and quality of life in children on biologic treatment because of severe asthma.

Near-fatal asthma in children and young adults: an international eDelphi Study.

Background: Guidelines and evidence identify that children and young people (CYP) who die from asthma frequently have a severe preceding attack. There is no agreed name or case definition for the most severe form of asthma attack. We aimed to resolve this using a structured literature, guideline and multimedia review to inform an international electronic Delphi (eDelphi) process.

Point-of-Care Blood Eosinophils to Predict Preschool Wheeze Attacks.

Background: Post hoc analysis of clinical trials shows blood eosinophil counts (BEC) predict future preschool wheeze attacks; however, prospective usefulness in a clinical setting is unreported. We assessed the feasibility of point-of-care (POC) eosinophil measurements in preschool wheezers and related BEC to symptoms, lung function, and utility in predicting attacks.

Methods: Children aged 1-5 years with recurrent wheeze underwent finger-prick sampling during the outpatient clinic for POC eosinophils, forced oscillation technique (FOT) and/or spirometry, and symptom score (TRACK questionnaire).

The Application and Evolution of the Social-Ecological Model for Adolescent and Young Adult Readiness for Transition: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: This scoping review examines the application and evolution of the Social-Ecological Model for Adolescent and Young Adult Readiness for Transition (SMART). SMART provides a framework for assessing transition readiness across pediatric chronic conditions. Evaluating its research and clinical applications identifies insights and gaps across conditions and stakeholders.

Dry-powder inhaler use in primary school-aged children with asthma: a systematic review.

Objective: Asthma is the most common chronic disease among children. Dry-powder inhalers (DPIs) are effective for medication delivery in adults and adolescents, and provide a lower environmental footprint and more portability than a metered dose inhaler (MDI) with a spacer. They require a specific technique, and it is necessary to ascertain whether they can be used in younger age groups.

Barriers to and facilitators of accelerated BSN students' success: a scoping review with possible strategies for success.

Objectives: This scoping review aims to map the evidence on barriers and facilitators of success with accelerated BSN (ABSN) students with the inclusion of faculty perspectives.

Methods: We followed the scoping review methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute for this review. The databases of CINAHL, PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were searched.

Treating severe paediatric asthma with mepolizumab or omalizumab: a protocol for the TREAT randomised non-inferiority trial.

Introduction: A minority of school-aged children with asthma have persistent poor control and experience frequent asthma attacks despite maximal prescribed maintenance therapy. These children have higher morbidity and risk of death. The first add-on biologic therapy, omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody that blocks immunoglobulin (Ig)E, was licensed for children with severe asthma in 2005.

Exploring the burden of actinic keratoses through development of a patient decision aid: a mixed-methods study.

Background: Actinic keratoses (AKs) are present on sun-exposed sites and are considered precursors of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. A better understanding of the experiences of patients with this condition may improve patient-provider relationships and guide the introduction of shared decision-making (SDM) to treatment decisions.

Objectives: To develop a patient decision aid (PDA) for field treatment of multiple AKs in line with the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) by (i) characterizing the burden and lived experiences of patients with multiple AKs, (ii) understanding the decisional needs of patients requiring field treatment, and (iii) exploring clinician preferences regarding field treatment for multiple AKs.

START CARE: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial of step-wise budesonide-formoterol reliever-based treatment in children.

Background: Asthma is the most common chronic childhood respiratory condition globally. Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)-formoterol reliever-based regimens reduce the risk of asthma exacerbations compared with conventional short-acting β-agonist (SABA) reliever-based regimens in adults and adolescents. The current limited evidence for anti-inflammatory reliever therapy in children means it is unknown whether these findings are also applicable to children.

Parental entrustment of healthcare responsibilities to youth with chronic conditions: A concept analysis.

Purpose: Chronic health conditions impact nearly 40% of children in the United States, necessitating parents/caregivers to entrust healthcare responsibilities to youth aging into adulthood. Understanding the parental entrustment process may lead to tailored transition support; however, the concept lacks conceptual clarity, limiting its research and practical applications.

Design And Methods: Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis method was used to clarify the parental entrustment of healthcare responsibilities to youth with chronic health conditions.

Family adaptation in families of individuals with Down syndrome from 12 countries.

Our current understanding of adaptation in families of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) is based primarily on findings from studies focused on participants from a single country. Guided by the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment, and Adaptation, the purpose of this cross-country investigation, which is part of a larger, mixed methods study, was twofold: (1) to compare family adaptation in 12 countries, and (2) to examine the relationships between family variables and family adaptation. The focus of this study is data collected in the 12 countries where at least 30 parents completed the survey.

Phenotype and endotype based treatment of preschool wheeze.

Introduction: Preschool wheeze (PSW) is a significant public health issue, with a high presentation rate to emergency departments, recurrent symptoms, and severe exacerbations. A heterogenous condition, PSW comprises several phenotypes that may relate to a range of pathobiological mechanisms. However, treating PSW remains largely generalized to inhaled corticosteroids and a short acting beta agonist, guided by symptom-based labels that often do not reflect underlying pathways of disease.

Regular (up to 10 puffs 4-hourly) inhaled salbutamol should be prescribed at discharge after an asthma attack: myth or maxim?

Over the past 20 years, the concept of asthma weaning plans on discharge after an attack has crept into common practice, although the precise origin of these plans is unclear. High use of short-acting β-agonists (SABAs) may result in tolerance to their bronchodilator effects, thus diminishing their efficacy, particularly when they are most needed at the time of an acute attack. Furthermore, key warning signs of a deterioration in asthma control may be masked and the weaning plan may encourage the over-use and over-reliance on SABAs.

Prevalence of Poorly Controlled Asthma and Factors Associated with Specialist Referral in Those with Poorly Controlled Asthma in a Paediatric Asthma Population.

Background: Significant morbidity and mortality are associated with poor asthma control. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with poor control and referral to specialist secondary care services.

Methods: We used primary care data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum (CPRD) linked with Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) records from 1st January 2007 to 31st December 2019.

Patient financial incentives to improve asthma management: a systematic review.

Objectives: The objectives of this systematic review are to identify studies that assess the effectiveness of patient-directed financial incentive interventions to improve asthma management behaviours, determine overall effectiveness of financial incentives, identify design characteristics of effective interventions and assess the impact on longer-term outcomes in the context of asthma.

Design: Systematic review with narrative synthesis.

Data Sources: Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, PsycINFO, CINAHL, PubMed and Web of Science) and grey literature sources (NHS Digital, CORE, ProQuest, Clinical Trials Register and EU Clinical Trials Register) were searched in November 2021 and updated March 2023.