External validation of cardiovascular risk scores in patients with Type 2 diabetes using the Spanish population-based CARDIANA cohort.

Aims: There is an overabundance of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk-prediction models applicable to patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D), but most of them still require external validation. Our aim was to assess the performance of 18 CVD risk scores in a Spanish cohort of patients with T2D.

Methods And Results: The CARdiovascular Risk in patients with DIAbetes in Navarra (CARDIANA) cohort, which includes 20 793 individuals with T2D and no history of CVD, was used to externally validate 13 models developed in patients with T2D [Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease (ADVANCE), Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities, Basque Country Prospective Complications and Mortality Study risk engine, Cardiovascular Healthy Study, Diabetes Cohort Study, DIAL2, DIAL2-extended, Fremantle, Kaasenbrood, Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR), PREDICT1-diabetes, SCORE2-diabetes, and Wan] and 5 models developed in the general population (ASCVD, PREVENT-basic, PREVENT-full, QRISK2, and SCORE2).

MEN1-associated primary hyperparathyroidism in the Spanish Registry: clinical characterictics and surgical outcomes.

Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most frequent manifestation of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome. Bone and renal complications are common. Surgery is the treatment of choice, but the best timing for surgery is controversial and predictors of persistence and recurrence are not well known.

Epigenetic Deregulation of Protocadherin PCDHGC3 in Pheochromocytomas/Paragangliomas Associated With SDHB Mutations.

Context: SDHB mutations are found in an increasing number of neoplasms, most notably in paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas (PPGLs). SDHB-PPGLs are slow-growing tumors, but ∼50% of them may develop metastasis. The molecular basis of metastasis in these tumors is a long-standing and unresolved problem.

Clinical significance and peculiarities of succinate dehydrogenase B and hypoxia inducible factor 1α expression in parasympathetic versus sympathetic paragangliomas.

Background: Succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB) immunohistochemistry was considered a valuable tool to identify patients with inherited paraganglioma/pheochromocytoma (PGL/PCC). However, previous studies jointly analyzed 2 related but clinically distinct entities, parasympathetic head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs) and sympathetic PCCs/PGLs. Additionally, a role for hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) as a biomarker for succinate dehydrogenase (SDHx)-mutated tumors has not been studied.

Total and subtypes of dietary fat intake and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) study.

The associations between dietary fat and cardiovascular disease have been evaluated in several studies, but less is known about their influence on the risk of diabetes. We examined the associations between total fat, subtypes of dietary fat, and food sources rich in saturated fatty acids and the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). A prospective cohort analysis of 3349 individuals who were free of diabetes at baseline but were at high cardiovascular risk from the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) study was conducted.

Chronic Pancreatitis-Like Changes Detected by Endoscopic Ultrasound in Type 1 Diabetics Are Not Associated With Gastrointestinal Symptoms or Nutritional Deficiencies.

Objectives: Previous studies have shown changes in the pancreas of type 1 diabetic (T1-DM) patients, similar to those present in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Our aim was to analyze the prevalence of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) criteria for chronic pancreatitis in T1-DM, to determine the association with factors related to the diabetes and to define its clinical significance.

Methods: Eighty-six T1-DM patients were prospectively included.

RET Cys634Arg mutation confers a more aggressive multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A phenotype than Cys634Tyr mutation.

Objective: Specific germline mutations in the RET proto-oncogene are correlated with clinical features in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A); however, data are scarce regarding differences in clinical profiles dependent on the type of nucleotide and amino acid substitution at the same codon. We aimed to analyse differences in clinical risk profiles and outcomes among different amino acids encoded by codon 634.

Design: The study was retrospective and multicentric.

Short-term role of the dietary total antioxidant capacity in two hypocaloric regimes on obese with metabolic syndrome symptoms: the RESMENA randomized controlled trial.

Background: Dietary strategies seem to be the most prescribed therapy in order to counteract obesity regarding not only calorie restriction, but also bioactive ingredients and the composition of the consumed foods. Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is gaining importance in order to assess the quality of the diet.

Methods: Ninety-six obese adults presenting metabolic syndrome (MetS) symptoms completed an 8-week intervention trial to evaluate the effects of a novel dietary program with changes in the nutrient distribution and meal frequency and to compare it with a dietary pattern based on the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines.

Weight-loss diet alone or combined with progressive resistance training induces changes in association between the cardiometabolic risk profile and abdominal fat depots.

Background/aims: A weight-loss diet alone or combined with a progressive resistance training program induced different adaptations on cardiometabolic risk, i.e. regional changes in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) volume distribution patterns.

Effect of smoking on body weight: longitudinal analysis of the SUN cohort.

Introduction And Objectives: Our aim was to investigate prospectively the association between two major cardiovascular risk factors: smoking and weight gain.

Methods: We prospectively evaluated 7565 individuals taking part in a dynamic cohort study over a median follow-up period of 50 months. Self-reported weight and physical activity levels had been validated previously.

Genetic diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia using a DNA-array based platform.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to validate the Lipochip genetic diagnostic platform by assessing effectiveness, sensitivity, specificity and costs for the identification of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in Spain. This platform includes the use of a DNA micro array, the detection of large gene rearrangements and the complete resequencing of the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene.

Design And Methods: DNA samples of patients with clinically diagnosed FH were analyzed for mutations by application of the Lipochip platform.

Changes in weight and physical activity over two years in Spanish alumni.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between baseline leisure-time physical activity and changes in leisure activity during follow-up on long-term weight changes.

Methods: We evaluated prospectively 11,974 participants (university graduates) who participated in a dynamic cohort (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra cohort) with an average follow-up of 27 months. Self-reported data from validated mailed questionnaires were used.

The relationship of serum osteocalcin concentration to insulin secretion, sensitivity, and disposal with hypocaloric diet and resistance training.

Context: Bone has recently been described as exhibiting properties of an endocrine organ by producing osteocalcin that increases insulin sensitivity and secretion in animal models.

Objective And Design: We aimed to evaluate circulating osteocalcin in association with insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in three different studies in nondiabetic subjects: one cross-sectional study in 149 men (using minimal model), and two longitudinal studies in two independent groups (one formed by 26 women, and the other by 9 men and 11 women), after a mean of 7.3 and 16.

[Trends in obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia in Spain (1997-2003)].

Background And Objective: To evaluate the trend in the prevalence in Spain of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.

Material And Method: The Spanish National Health Surveys (ENS) of 1997, 2001, 2003, which select representative samples of the Spanish general population were used. In total, 49,113 participants of both sexes were included.