The Effect of the Virtual Reality-Based Biofeedback Intervention DEEP on Stress, Emotional Tension, and Anger in Forensic Psychiatric Inpatients: Mixed Methods Single-Case Experimental Design.

Background: Decreasing aggression through stress reduction is an important part of forensic psychiatric treatment. DEEP is an experience-based virtual reality intervention that uses biofeedback to train diaphragmatic breathing and increase relaxation. Although DEEP has shown promising results in reducing stress and anxiety in students and adolescents in special education, it has not been examined in forensic psychiatric populations.

The added value of an internet-based intervention for treatment of aggression in forensic psychiatric outpatients-study protocol for a multicentre, mixed-methods randomized controlled trial.

Background: Even though internet-based interventions have been used in treatment of forensic psychiatric outpatients for over 10 years, no robust effectiveness studies have been conducted in this complex branch of mental healthcare.

Objectives: To present the protocol of a study that investigates whether the addition of the internet-based intervention "Dealing with Aggression" to treatment as usual (TAU) leads to better treatment outcomes than TAU that is delivered solely in-person.

Methods: This study uses a multicentre mixed-methods randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, with four Dutch forensic outpatient organizations.

Exploring the added value of virtual reality biofeedback game DEEP in forensic psychiatric inpatient care-A qualitative study.

Background: Low motivation and suboptimal cognitive skills are common among forensic psychiatric patients. By focusing on doing and experiencing, innovative technologies could offer an alternative to existing treatment for this patient group. One promising technology is DEEP, a VR biofeedback game that teaches diaphragmatic breathing, which has shown its potential in reducing stress in other populations.