Production of 2,3-butanediol from acid hydrolysates of Jatropha hulls with Klebsiella oxytoca.

Jatropha hulls were successfully for the first time used as raw materials for the production of 2,3-butanediol via dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis and fermentation with Klebsiella oxytoca. Two-step hydrolysis was used to effectively hydrolyze the hulls at 150°C after pretreatment. In the first-step, hemicellulose was hydrolyzed under mild conditions (0.

Pure natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery management of simple renal cysts: 2-year follow-up results.

Background And Purpose: Retrograde ureteroscopic marsupialization is a pure natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). We retrospectively examined the feasibility and safety of this technique to manage symptomatic simple renal cysts.

Patients And Methods: Sixteen patients with simple renal cysts were selected and treated by incising the cyst wall to drain into the collecting system through retrograde ureteroscopy.