[econstruction after large temporal skin tumor resection with the forgotten free flap. Case report].

Aim: The reconstruction of large skin tumors in the head and neck region is performed in our center with pedicled flap or free flap. In microvascular reconstructive surgery, the choice of the flap must consider many factors, such as the size and composition of the tissue defect, the distance between the recipient vessels and the defect, or even the donor site morbidity. Taking the resulting quality of life and the donor site morbidity into the account when choosing a reconstructive method is an important pillar of modern reconstructive surgery.

A combination of fat grafting with inferior dermal flap in breast reconstruction following prophylactic mastectomy: A cohort study.

Background: Breast reconstruction following prophylactic mastectomy in women with ptotic or hypertrophic breasts often poses challenges. We describe a combined technique of large-volume fat grafting (>100 mL) and an inferior dermal flap, aiming to improve aesthetic outcomes and patient satisfaction.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 21 patients undergoing immediate breast reconstruction with the described technique.

Comparison of silicone impressions with intraoral 3D scans in newborns with cleft lip and palate.

Statement Of Problem: Intraoral scanning is currently becoming the standard method for imaging the maxilla in patients with cleft lip and palate. However, the reliability of intraoral scans compared with traditional conventional impression methods has not yet been sufficiently described and examined in detail in newborns with severe types of cleft lip and palate.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to assess the reliability and agreement between intraoral scanning and traditional impression methods for maxillary measurements in newborns with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate (U/BCLP).

A new experimental model for studying peripheral nerve regeneration in dual innervated facial reanimation.

Background: Donor nerve selection is a crucial factor in determining clinical outcomes of facial reanimation. Although dual innervation approaches using two neurotizers have shown promise, there is a lack of evidence-based comparison in the literature. Furthermore, no animal model of dual reinnervation has yet been published.

Modern approaches in multidisciplinary treatment of cleft lip and palate.

Cleft lip and cleft palate are among the most common congenital defects of the head. The treatment of clefts is centralized, multidisciplinary, and involves a plastic surgeon, orthodontist, anesthesiologist, clinical speech therapist, and other specialists. While the incidence of cleft lip and cleft palate remains approximately unchanged, the approach to their treatment is evolving.

Restoring the spontaneous smile through free functional muscle transfer. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the last twenty years' experience.

Background: The recovery of the spontaneous smile has become a primary focus in facial reanimation surgery and its major determinant is the selected neurotizer. We aimed to compare the spontaneity outcomes of the most preferred neurotization methods in free functional muscle transfer for long-standing facial paralysis.

Methods: The Embase, Ovid Medline, and PubMed databases were queried with 21 keywords.

Color Doppler ultrasound versus CT angiography for DIEP flap planning: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Identifying relevant perforators is crucial in planning a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap. Color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) has gained popularity for localizing perforators; however, current evidence on its efficiency is still inconclusive. This study aimed to compare the efficiency of CDU with that of computed tomography angiography (CTA) in localizing and selecting the relevant perforators.

Donor nerve selection in free gracilis muscle transfer for facial reanimation. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes.

Background: One of the critical factors in facial reanimation is selecting the donor nerve. The most favored neurotizers are the contralateral facial nerve with a cross-face nerve graft (CFNG) and motor nerve to the masseter (MNM). A relatively new dual innervation (DI) method has shown successful results.

Surgeon-conducted color Doppler ultrasound deep inferior epigastric artery perforator mapping: A cohort study and learning curve assessment.

Background: Perforator mapping using diagnostic methods facilitates deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap planning. Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is a well-proven tool for perforator mapping. However, the benefits of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) are as follows: 1) CDU involves dynamic real-time examination and 2) does not use radiation.

Expandable Lung Epithelium Differentiated from Human Embryonic Stem Cells.

Background: The progenitors to lung airway epithelium that are capable of long-term propagation may represent an attractive source of cells for cell-based therapies, disease modeling, toxicity testing, and others. Principally, there are two main options for obtaining lung epithelial progenitors: (i) direct isolation of endogenous progenitors from human lungs and (ii) in vitro differentiation from some other cell type. The prime candidates for the second approach are pluripotent stem cells, which may provide autologous and/or allogeneic cell resource in clinically relevant quality and quantity.

Superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap on extremity defects - case series.

Background: Reconstruction of upper and lower extremity defects can be challenging. Especially in distal parts, relatively thin flaps are needed not to interfere with the function or aesthetic appearance of the extremity. The superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) flap represents a powerful but still not so commonly used tool for this kind of reconstruction.

miR-183/96/182 cluster is an important morphogenetic factor targeting PAX6 expression in differentiating human retinal organoids.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, noncoding RNA molecules represent important regulators of gene expression. Recent reports have implicated their role in the cell specification process acting as "fine-tuners" to ensure the precise gene expression at the specific stage of cell differentiation. Here, we used retinal organoids differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) as a model to closely investigate the role of a sensory organ-specific and evolutionary conserved miR-183/96/182 cluster.

A Comprehensive In Vitro Comparison of Preparation Techniques for Fat Grafting.

Background: Lipomodeling is a technique that uses the patient's own fat for tissue regeneration and augmentation. The extent of regenerative effect is reported to be determined by the numbers of adipose-derived stem cells and the viability of cells in processed adipose tissue which, together with other factors, influence the degree of graft retention. This study addresses whether differences exist in properties of fat graft obtained by three commonly used techniques.

Cleft palate caused by congenital teratoma.

A cleft palate results from incomplete fusion of the lateral palatine processes, the median nasal septum and the median palatine process. This case report describes a rare case of congenital teratoma originating from the nasal septum that may have interfered with the fusion of the palatal shelves during embryonic development, resulting in a cleft palate. An infant girl was born at 40 weeks of gestation weighing 3020 g with a complete cleft palate associated with a large central nasopharyngeal tumour.

Toward structured macroporous hydrogel composites: electron beam-initiated polymerization of layered cryogels.

The ability to tailor mechanical properties and architecture is crucial in creating macroporous hydrogel scaffolds for tissue engineering. In the present work, a technique for the modification of the pore size and stiffness of acrylamide-based cryogels is demonstrated via the regulation of an electron beam irradiation dose. The samples were characterized by equilibrium swelling measurements, light and scanning electron microscopy, mercury porosimetry, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis, and stiffness measurements.

Vasospasm of the flap pedicle: the effect of 11 of the most often used vasodilating drugs. Comparative study in a rat model.

Background: There has been no review study published yet comparing the effects of the vasodilating drugs that are most often used in clinical practice empirically. The aim of the authors' study was to perform this comparison and to select the drugs that are able to release vasospasm and the drugs that reduce vasospasm duration most effectively in an experimental model in vivo.

Methods: Pedicled groin flaps were dissected in 300 male Wistar rats.

New technique of immediate nipple reconstruction during immediate autologous DIEP or MS-TRAM breast reconstruction.

Background: Reconstruction of the nipple-areola complex is the final step in surgical restoration of the breast. Usually considered a secondary complement to breast reconstruction, nipple-areola creation is ordinarily done after an interval of several months using different techniques involving local flaps or composite graft from the opposite nipple.

Methods: Because the position of the nipple-areola complex is well defined from the outset in skin-sparing mastectomy, the authors propose a new technique of immediate nipple reconstruction using the skin envelope after skin-sparing mastectomy.