Body composition in prepubertal children with idiopathic premature adrenarche: implications for cardiometabolic health.

Background: Premature adrenarche (PA) has been reported as a potential precursor of metabolic disease. We aimed to explore the interaction between body composition and cardiometabolic health of prepubertal children with PA.

Methods: This observational study comprised of 87 children with PA (15 boys, 8.

Mental health and timing of gender-related events among transgender and gender-diverse children and adolescents seeking gender-affirming consultation and care.

Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) youth encounter unique challenges affecting their mental health, largely related to societal stigma and gender dysphoria. Limited research considers the specific needs of TGD youth. This study examined demographic and developmental factors, including the ages at which gender-related events occur, and their relationship to mental health among TGD youth seeking gender-affirming consultation and care (GACC).

Body composition, metabolic syndrome, and lifestyle in treatment-naïve gender-diverse youth in Israel.

Background: There is a scarcity of published studies evaluating transgender/gender-diverse youth before initiating gender-affirming hormones.

Aim: To study the body composition, metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and lifestyle habits in treatment-naïve transgender youth.

Methods: Cross-sectional study evaluating 153 transgender youth [median age 15.

Body Composition and Metabolic Syndrome Components in Transgender/Gender Diverse Adolescents and Young Adults.

The objective of this study was to examine the association of designated sex at birth, body composition, and gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) with the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (overweight/obesity, elevated blood pressure [BP], altered glucose metabolism, and dyslipidemia) in transgender/gender diverse (TGD) adolescents and young adults. TGD individuals underwent body composition studies by bioelectrical impedance analysis according to designated sex at birth, and their muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR) z-scores were calculated. Generalized estimating equations with binary logistic models ( = 326) were used to explore associations while adjusting for potential confounders.

Primary Hyperparathyroidism due to Parathyroid Adenoma in Children and Adolescents.

Objective: In contrast to adults, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in children and adolescents is a rare endocrine disorder.

Methods: A retrospective review of PHPT cases between 2005 and 2022 from a single tertiary university medical center, including clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, radiological evaluation, treatment, and postoperative complications.

Results: Ten children (mean age at diagnosis 16.

Hypothyroidism predicts worsened prognosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: The link between thyroid dysfunction and cardiovascular disease is well established. Hypothyroidism has been significantly associated with increased risk of dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and heart failure. However, little is known regarding its effect on patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Uncommon side effects of common drugs in patients with familial dysautonomia.

Purpose: Patients with the autosomal recessive disorder of familial dysautonomia typically exhibit exacerbated adverse side effects to many common drugs. We aimed to catalog these adverse effects - with a focus on common drugs that are frequently administered to FD patients and compare their incidences to those within the general population.

Methods: We used data of 595 FD patients from an international database with information on drugs received and adverse effects.

Effects of the COVID19 Pandemic on Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Adolescents' Mental Health.

We assessed the effects of the COVID19 lockdown on the mental health of transgender and gender non-conforming (TGN) youth (n = 18) vs cisgender youth (29 males; 29 females). Coronavirus Health Impact Survey (CRISIS) and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used in an online study. No group differences were found in demographic variables and exposure to COVID19.

Blood pressure dynamics after pubertal suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs followed by estradiol treatment in transgender female adolescents: a pilot study.

Objectives: The benefits of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa) in the treatment of central precocious puberty are well established, and their use is regarded as both safe and effective. Possible adverse effects on blood pressure (BP) and cardiac outcomes, body composition, bone health and brain development, however, continue to be of some concern. The aim of this study was to analyze BP changes in transgender female adolescents before and after receiving GnRHa and after adding estrogen treatment.

Adolescent Transgender Females Present Impaired Semen Quality That Is Suitable for Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Even Before Initiating Gender-Affirming Hormone Treatment.

The present study aimed to determine the semen quality and cryopreservation outcomes among adolescent transgender females at the time of fertility preservation (FP) before initiating gender-affirming hormone (GAH) treatment. This retrospective cohort study included 26 adolescent transgender females who underwent FP in our Fertility Institute between 06/2013 and 10/2020. Pre-freezing semen parameters were compared to WHO 2010 reference values.

Blood Pressure Dynamics After Pubertal Suppression with Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogs Followed by Testosterone Treatment in Transgender Male Adolescents: A Pilot Study.

We analyzed blood pressure (BP) changes in transgender male adolescents treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) and after adding testosterone treatment. This was a retrospective pilot study. Outcome measures included systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) before and after GnRHa initiation and after adding testosterone.

CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH GENDER DYSPHORIA IN ISRAEL: INCREASING REFERRAL AND FERTILITY PRESERVATION RATES.

To describe patient characteristics at presentation, management, and fertility preservation rates among a cohort of Israeli children and adolescents with gender dysphoria (GD). We performed a retrospective chart review of 106 consecutive children and adolescents with GD (<18 years) referred to and followed at the multidisciplinary Israeli Pediatric Gender Dysphoria Clinic from March 2013 through December 2018. Of the 106 patients, 10 were prepubertal (9 prepubertal transgender females), and 96 were pubertal (38 pubertal transgender females).

Final adult height of patients with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross sectional analysis.

Background: To compare final height to mid-parental target height among adults with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) versus adult-onset SLE (aSLE), and to evaluate the impact of age at SLE onset on final height.

Methods: Data derived from the Lupus Outcomes Study, a longitudinal cohort of adults with SLE, was used for this cross-sectional analysis (N = 728). Participants aged 18-63 years with complete height data were included (N = 566) and were classified as cSLE if age at diagnosis was < 18 years (N = 72).

Late cardiac assessment in children diagnosed with post-streptococcal reactive arthritis: a long term study.

Objectives: Unlike rheumatic fever (RF), the association of post-streptococcal reactive arthritis (PSRA) and carditis is controversial. The American Heart Association recommends anti-streptococcal prophylaxis for PSRA for one year, repeating echocardiogram and discontinuation of prophylaxis if normal. In this study the possibility of late cardiac involvement was investigated in a cohort of children with PSRA.

Post-streptococcal reactive arthritis in children: a distinct entity from acute rheumatic fever.

There is a debate whether post-streptococcal reactive arthritis (PSRA) is a separate entity or a condition on the spectrum of acute rheumatic fever (ARF). We believe that PSRA is a distinct entity and in this paper we review the substantial differences between PSRA and ARF. We show how the demographic, clinical, genetic and treatment characteristics of PSRA differ from ARF.