Anatomical and Functional Outcomes of Anti-VEGF Therapy in Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy.

Background: Evaluation of real-life effectiveness of anti-VEGF therapy in patients diagnosed with pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV).

Methods: This retrospective analysis included central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients who developed PNV and underwent anti-VEGF treatment. Individuals with concomitant retinal diseases were excluded.

Impact of retinal thickness fluctuations with ranibizumab versus aflibercept in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (SALT): 12-month results from a multicentre, randomised, phase IV trial.

Background/aims: To compare fluctuations of central subfield retinal thickness (CSRT) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration undergoing ranibizumab pro re nata versus aflibercept bimonthly treatment in a prospective 12 month, phase IV, randomised, multicentre study.

Methods: Ranibizumab was administered according to best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and/or disease activity detected on spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Aflibercept was administered at three initial monthly visits followed by bimonthly treatment.

Real-Life Treatment Intervals and Morphological Outcomes Following the Switch to Faricimab Therapy in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

: To evaluate the efficacy of faricimab in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) that did not respond to other VEGF inhibitors. : This retrospective study included the eyes of patients diagnosed with nAMD who had been switched to faricimab treatment due to the persistence of intraretinal fluid (IRF) and/or subretinal fluid (SRF), despite monthly anti-VEGF treatment with aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab using the treat and extend regimen, and who had received at least three faricimab injections following the switch. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurement and optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis were performed at each visit, and the OCT results were graded by two independent readers.

[Secondary choroidal neovascularization-Really so common?].

The occurrence of secondary choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a complication in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. The diagnosis is made using multimodal imaging. The treatment usually includes intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections.

[Treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy in comparison-Micropulse laser versus photodynamic therapy].

The therapeutic management of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) remains challenging. Although CSC shows a high rate of self-resorption, frequent recurrences or chronification of the disease can result in irreversible loss of vision. Low-dose photodynamic therapy (half-dose or half-fluence PDT) represents the current standard of care for CSC, although regenerative laser procedures may also offer a safe and effective alternative for the treatment of CSC.

Implications of Ocular Confounding Factors for Aqueous Humor Proteomic and Metabolomic Analyses in Retinal Diseases.

Purpose: To assess the impact of ocular confounding factors on aqueous humor (AH) proteomic and metabolomic analyses for retinal disease characterization.

Methods: This study recruited 138 subjects (eyes): 102 with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), 18 with diabetic macular edema (DME), and 18 with cataract (control group). AH samples underwent analysis using Olink Target 96 proteomics and Metabolon's metabolomics platform Data analysis included correlation, differential abundance, and gene-set analysis.

Half-dose photodynamic therapy versus 577 nm subthreshold pulse laser therapy in treatment-naive patients with central serous chorioretinopathy.

Background: To compare real-life anatomical and functional outcomes of half-dose photodynamic therapy (HD-PDT) and 577 nm subthreshold pulse laser therapy (SPL) in treatment-naïve patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive treatment-naïve CSC patients with non-resolving subretinal fluid (SRF) for more than 2 months who received either HD-PDT or SPL treatment. One repetition of the same treatment was allowed in patients with persistent SRF after first treatment.

Visual complaints in pregnancy: (pre)eclampsia as a chameleon.

Objective: The visual system often is affected in patients with preeclampsia and even more in cases of eclampsia, a life-threatening pregnancy complication. Symptoms include blurred vision and deterioration of visual acuity. Pregnancy can also affect pre-existing conditions, such as diabetic retinopathy.

Intravitreal 5-Fluorouracil and Heparin to Prevent Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy: Results from a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the major cause for surgical failure after primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). So far, no therapy has been proven to prevent PVR. Promising results for 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in high-risk eyes have been reported previously.

Genetic and environmental risk factors for reticular pseudodrusen in the EUGENDA study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze genetic and nongenetic associations with reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) in patients with and without age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: This case-control study included 2,719 consecutive subjects from the prospective multicenter European Genetic Database (EUGENDA). Color fundus photographs and optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans were evaluated for the presence of AMD and RPD.

SALIVARY ALPHA-AMYLASE LEVELS MAY CORRELATE WITH CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY ACTIVITY.

Purpose: To investigate and compare the salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) activity as an indicator of the sympathetic activity and stress response in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and healthy control subjects.

Methods: Prospective multicenter case series, including 80 CSC patients and 88 healthy control subjects. Central serous chorioretinopathy status was classified as either active or inactive, depending on the presence of subretinal fluid on optical coherence tomography.

Ocular and Systemic Complement Activation during Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment and Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 Dietary Supplementation in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of dietary supplementation using Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) on complement activation in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) under ongoing treatment.

Methods: In this prospective, single-center, controlled, open-label investigator-initiated trial, eligible nAMD patients were randomized at a ratio of 1:1 in 2 groups: those with and without dietary AREDS2 supplementation for 4 weeks. Zinc, plasma, and aqueous humor (AH) complement levels were quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

The Effect of Genetic Variants Associated With Age-Related Macular Degeneration Varies With Age.

Purpose: The prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) increases dramatically with age. This large collaborative study investigates the effects of 51 late-AMD-associated genetic variants in different ages, focusing on individuals above the age of 90 years.

Methods: The study included 27,996 individuals of the International AMD Genomics Consortium; 14,539 showed late AMD (51.

Genetic and environmental risk factors for extramacular drusen.

Purpose: To analyze risk factors for extramacular drusen (EMD) in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and healthy control individuals.

Methods: This case-control study included 1,520 patients from the prospective multicenter European Genetic Database (EUGENDA). Color fundus photographs and optical coherence tomography scans were evaluated for the presence of AMD and EMD.

Association of imaging biomarkers and local activation of complement in aqueous humor of patients with early forms of age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To investigate a possible correlation between established imaging biomarkers for age-related macular degeneration and local complement system activation, measured in aqueous humor (AH) of patients with early stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and controls.

Methods: This analysis included prospectively acquired AH samples of 106 eyes (35 with early/intermediate AMD, 71 controls). The levels of complement protein 3 (C3), 4 (C4), 5 (C5); activation products of complement factor 3a (C3a) and Ba, C3b/iC3b; complement factors B, D, H, I (CFB, CFD, CFH, CFI); and total protein concentration were analyzed.

Complement Activation Levels Are Related to Disease Stage in AMD.

Purpose: To study the levels of complement activation in different disease stages of AMD and the influence of genetic polymorphisms in complement genes.

Methods: We included 797 patients with AMD and 945 controls from the European Genetic Database. Patients were grouped into five AMD stages: early AMD, intermediate AMD, central geographic atrophy, active choroidal neovascularization or inactive choroidal neovascularization.

Major Predictive Factors for Progression of Early to Late Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Introduction: We present a prediction model for progression from early/intermediate to advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) within 5.9 years.

Objectives: To evaluate the combined role of genetic, nongenetic, and phenotypic risk factors for conversion from early to late AMD over ≥5 years.

Elevated Steroid Hormone Levels in Active Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: Chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC) is characterized by fluid accumulation between photoreceptors and the retinal pigment epithelium of which the cause is unknown. Associations with steroid use, stress, pregnancy, and the male sex suggest a role for the steroid hormone system in the disease. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the steroid hormone system in active cCSC.

Telemetric Intraocular Pressure Monitoring after Boston Keratoprosthesis Surgery Using the Eyemate-IO Sensor: Dynamics in the First Year.

Purpose: To analyze the dynamics of telemetrically measured intraocular pressure (IOP) during the first year after implantation of a Boston keratoprosthesis type I (BI-KPro) cornea and to compare agreement of telemetric IOP measurements with finger palpations.

Design: Prospective, open-label, multicenter, single-arm clinical trial.

Methods: In the ARGOS (NCT02945176) study, 12 individuals underwent implantation of an Eyemate-IO intraocular system.

Hyperreflective foci on optical coherence tomography associate with treatment outcome for anti-VEGF in patients with diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between baseline number of hyperreflective foci (HF) on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME), as well as the dynamics of HF during treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and treatment response.

Methods: We evaluated patients diagnosed with DME scheduled for treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab. Eyes were classified as adequate or insufficient treatment responders based on logMAR visual acuity improvement and central retinal thickness (CRT) decrease after three consecutive injections.

Onset of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Atrophy Subsequent to Anti-VEGF Therapy in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for the development of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Procedures: This post hoc analysis of the prospective RESPONSE study includes 52 therapy-naive nAMD patients without baseline RPE atrophy, who were treated with ≥9 anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections for ≥3 years. RPE atrophy was assessed via multimodal imaging.