An Examination of Sex Differences and Cigarette Smoking as Predictors of COPD Prevalence and Incidence in Older US Adults.

Introduction: This study examined the main and interactive effects of sex, cigarette smoking status, cigarette pack-years, and second-hand smoke exposure on COPD prevalence and incidence.

Methods: COPD prevalence was estimated for US adults aged 40+ years from Wave 1 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (n = 12 296). Incidence analyses included adults from the initial sample without a COPD diagnosis (n = 6611).

Chemical characterization of pellet stove ashes: Elemental fractionation of ashes results in volatile particles with high concentrations of cadmium and lead.

Use of wood-based biomass for home heating has increased as a more sustainable and economical alternative to fossil fuel heating sources. However, concerns remain regarding particulate emissions and potential human health effects. Pellet stoves are very efficient combustion sources but still emit high particle numbers of nanoparticles into the environment and generate ash within the stove that could be an exposure source during cleaning.

Childhood cigarette smoking is associated with health-related quality of life in older US adults.

Introduction: Childhood smoking onset is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), independent of current smoking and smoking history. Its association with lower quality of life has not been tested. We examined the association between childhood smoking and measures of global health among older US adults.

Rural-Urban Patterns in Household Rules Limiting Combustible Tobacco, Noncombustible Tobacco, and E-Cigarette Use.

Rationale: Rural Americans experience higher rates of smoking and smoking-associated disease compared to urban Americans. Household rules limiting smoking inside the home decrease secondhand smoke exposure and may facilitate quitting among those who smoke. Limited research suggests that rural Americans are less likely to report household smoking restrictions.

Gender, tobacco and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: analysis of the 2020 National Health Interview Survey.

Rationale: Recent studies describe an increasing prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and higher COPD exacerbation rates among women compared with men despite lower average cigarette use, which has raised the question of whether women are more susceptible to the effects of tobacco smoke. We examined associations between gender, cigarette smoking and COPD in a national dataset.

Methods: We used cross-sectional data for US respondents aged ≥40 years from the 2020 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).

Climate Change and Respiratory Health: Opportunities to Contribute to Environmental Justice: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.

Adverse environmental exposures worsened by our changing climate threaten respiratory health and exacerbate existing social inequities that further undermine environmental justice (EJ). EJ is the capacity of all people, regardless of sociodemographic characteristics, to minimize harmful exposures and live a healthy life. EJ is achieved through the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.

Functionally important respiratory symptoms and continued cigarette use versus e-cigarette switching: population assessment of tobacco and health study waves 2-6.

Background: Substitution of noncombustible tobacco products for cigarettes could improve respiratory symptoms. We hypothesized that complete cigarette-to-e-cigarette switching would improve respiratory symptoms compared to continued smoking.

Methods: Longitudinal analysis of data from waves 2-6 (W2-W6; 2014-2021) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, an observational cohort study that surveyed 5653 US adults ≥18 years without COPD/chronic bronchitis/emphysema.

Association of e-cigarette and cigarette use with self-reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a multivariable analysis of a large United States data set.

Background: Prior research has linked e-cigarette use with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We examined the relationship between e-cigarette use and COPD prevalence in older adults with varying cigarette use status.

Methods: Data from the 2020 National Health Interview Survey were used to estimate the association between each of 9 exposure categories based on cigarette use (never, former, current) and e-cigarette use (never, former, current), with respondent-reported physician-diagnosed COPD prevalence in individuals 40 years and older (N = 22,997).

Comprehensive Assessment of Lifetime Cigarette Smoking and Its Association with Health-Related Quality of Life among Older US Adults-A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Studies to date have not used comprehensive measures of tobacco exposures across the life course. We examined the association between a lifetime cigarette smoke exposure index (LCSEI) and HRQOL among older US adults.

Geographical location, cigarette risk perceptions, and current smoking among older US adults.

Introduction: Cigarette smoking and smoking-related lung disease are more common in rural (vs urban) areas of the United States (US). This study examined relationships between geographical location, cigarette risk perceptions, and current smoking among older adults who are at greatest risk of developing smoking-related lung disease.

Methods: The study was a secondary data analysis of 12126 respondents aged ≥40 years from Wave 5 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.

Relationship Between Tobacco Product Use and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Individuals With COPD in Waves 1-5 (2013-2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.2023.

Estimating ambient air pollutant concentrations outside and inside homes in the Subpopulations and Intermediate outcomes in COPD air pollution (SPIROMICS air) cohort.

Background: Valid, high-resolution estimates of population-level exposure to air pollutants are necessary for accurate estimation of the association between air pollution and the occurrence or exacerbation of adverse health outcomes such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Objectives: We produced fine-scale individual-level estimates of ambient concentrations of multiple air pollutants (fine particulate matter [PM], NO, NO, and O) at residences of participants in the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcomes in COPD Air Pollution (SPIROMICS Air) study, located in seven regions in the US. For PM, we additionally integrated modeled estimates of particulate infiltration based on home characteristics and measured total indoor concentrations to provide comprehensive estimates of exposure levels.

Air Pollution Exposure and Interstitial Lung Features in SPIROMICS Participants with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

It is unknown whether air pollution is associated with radiographic features of interstitial lung disease in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To determine whether air pollution increases the prevalence of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) or percent high-attenuation areas (HAA) on computed tomography (CT) in individuals with a heavy smoking history and COPD. We performed a cross-sectional study of SPIROMICS (Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study), focused on current or former smokers with COPD.

Indoor Air Sources of Outdoor Air Pollution: Health Consequences, Policy, and Recommendations: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.

Indoor sources of air pollution worsen indoor and outdoor air quality. Thus, identifying and reducing indoor pollutant sources would decrease both indoor and outdoor air pollution, benefit public health, and help address the climate crisis. As outdoor sources come under regulatory control, unregulated indoor sources become a rising percentage of the problem.

Integrating Clinical and Air Quality Data to Improve Prediction of COPD Exacerbations.

Several studies have found associations between air pollution and respiratory disease outcomes. However, there is minimal prognostic research exploring whether integrating air quality into clinical prediction models can improve accuracy and utility. In this study, we built models using both logistic regression and random forests to determine the benefits of including air quality data with meteorological and clinical data in prediction of COPD exacerbations requiring medical care.

Relationship Between Tobacco Product Use and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Individuals With COPD in Waves 1-5 (2013-2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.

Introduction: We examined the association between tobacco product use and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Waves 1-5 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.

Methods: Adults ≥40 years with an ever COPD diagnosis were included in cross-sectional (Wave 5) and longitudinal (Waves 1 to 5) analyses. Tobacco use included 13 mutually exclusive categories of past 30-day (P30D) single use and polyuse with P30D exclusive cigarette use and ≥5-year cigarette cessation as reference groups.

Indoor Pollution and Lung Function Decline in Current and Former Smokers: SPIROMICS AIR.

Indoor pollutants have been associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease morbidity, but it is unclear whether they contribute to disease progression. We aimed to determine whether indoor particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen dioxide (NO) are associated with lung function decline among current and former smokers. Of the 2,382 subjects with a history of smoking in SPIROMICS AIR, 1,208 participants had complete information to estimate indoor PM and NO, using individual-based prediction models, in relation to measured spirometry at two or more clinic visits.

Childhood Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Older U.S. Adults.

It is not certain the extent to which childhood smoking adds chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk independent of lifetime cigarette exposure. We examined the association between age started smoking cigarettes regularly, current smoking status, smoking history, and risk of COPD. Cross-sectional survey of U.

Association of Occupational Exposures and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Morbidity.

Objective: The aim of the study is to determine whether aggregate measures of occupational exposures are associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outcomes in the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD study cohort.

Methods: Individuals were assigned to six predetermined exposure hazard categories based on self-reported employment history. Multivariable regression, adjusted for age, sex, race, current smoking status, and smoking pack-years determined the association of such exposures to odds of COPD and morbidity measures.