In Vitro Molecular Study of Titanium-Niobium Alloy Biocompatibility.

Titanium dental implants have common clinical applications due to their biocompatibility, biophysical and biochemical characteristics. Although current titanium is thought to be safe and beneficial for patients, there are several indications that it may release toxic metal ions or metal nanoparticles from its alloys into the surrounding environment, which could lead to clinically relevant complications including toxic reactions as well as immune dysfunctions. Hence, an adequate selection and testing of medical biomaterial with outstanding properties are warranted.

Biocompatibility of ZrO vs. Y-TZP Alloys: Influence of Their Composition and Surface Topography.

The osseointegration of implants is defined as the direct anatomical and functional connection between neoformed living bone and the surface of a supporting implant. The biological compatibility of implants depends on various parameters, such as the nature of the material, chemical composition, surface topography, chemistry and loading, surface treatment, and physical and mechanical properties. In this context, the objective of this study is to evaluate the biocompatibility of rough (Ra = 1 µm) and smooth (Ra = 0 µm) surface conditions of yttria-zirconia (Y-TZP) discs compared to pure zirconia (ZrO) discs by combining a classical toxicological test, morphological observations by SEM, and a transcriptomic analysis on an in vitro model of human Saos-2 bone cells.

Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis adhesion on implantable titanium used in odontology: a preliminary study.

The study presented here aimed to assess the ability of Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis bacteria to adhere to and form biofilm on the structure of titanium used in implants. D. fairfieldensis was found in the periodontal pockets in the oral environment, indicating that these bacteria can colonize the implant-bone interface and consequently cause bone infection and implant corrosion.

Exposure to TiO Nanostructured Aerosol Induces Specific Gene Expression Profile Modifications in the Lungs of Young and Elderly Rats.

Although aging is associated with a higher risk of developing respiratory pathologies, very few studies have assessed the impact of age on the adverse effects of inhaled nanoparticles. Using conventional and transcriptomic approaches, this study aimed to compare in young (12-13-week-old) and elderly (19-month-old) fisher F344 rats the pulmonary toxicity of an inhaled nanostructured aerosol of titanium dioxide (TiO). Animals were nose-only exposed to this aerosol at a concentration of 10 mg/m for 6 h per day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks.

Toxicity of TiO Nanoparticles: Validation of Alternative Models.

There are many studies concerning titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles (NP) toxicity. Nevertheless, there are few publications comparing and exposure, and even less comparing air-liquid interface exposure (ALI) with other and exposures. The identification and validation of common markers under different exposure conditions are relevant for the development of smart and quick nanotoxicity tests.

Proteomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in rat exposed to TiO nanostructured aerosol by inhalation.

The pulmonary toxicological properties of inhaled titanium dioxide were studied using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology and proteomics analyses. Fischer 344 rats were exposed to 10 mg/m of TiO nanostructured aerosol by nose-only inhalation for 6 h/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Lung samples were collected up to 180 post-exposure days.

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Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), which vary in length, diameter, functionalization and specific surface area, are used in diverse industrial processes. Since these nanomaterials have a high aspect ratio and are biopersistant in the lung, there is a need for a rapid identification of their potential health hazard. We assessed in Sprague-Dawley rats the pulmonary toxicity of two pristine MWCNTs (the "long and thick" NM-401 and the "short and thin" NM-403) following either intratracheal instillation or 4-week inhalation in order to gain insights into the predictability and intercomparability of the two methods.

Short- and long-term gene expression profiles induced by inhaled TiO nanostructured aerosol in rat lung.

The number of workers potentially exposed to nanoparticles (NPs) during industrial processes is increasing, although the toxicological properties of these compounds still need to be fully characterized. As NPs may be aerosolized during industrial processes, inhalation represents their main route of occupational exposure. Here, the short- and long-term pulmonary toxicological properties of titanium dioxide were studied, using conventional and molecular toxicological approaches.