PET/CT in breast cancer.

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent neoplasms worldwide, with molecular subtypes that influence prognosis and therapeutic strategies. PET/CT with different radiopharmaceuticals has revolutionized diagnosis, staging, and treatment monitoring. [F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose remains the most widely used radiotracer, but it has limitations in certain subtypes, such as invasive lobular carcinoma, where 16α-[F] fluoro-17β-estradiol and [Ga]-FAPI (fibroblast activation protein inhibitors) have demonstrated greater utility.

Is Antarctica Greening?

Earth's polar regions are experiencing significant climate change, impacting global oceanographic and weather patterns. Arctic "greening" is well studied, but a debate has emerged about whether similar trends are occurring in Antarctica and whether and how remote sensing can assess them. Recent studies have introduced a concept of "greening" in Antarctica, framed primarily around moss cover expansion over bare ground.

State of the art and future perspectives of new radinuclides in Nuclear Medicine: Part III.

In this third installment of the continuing education series, the clinical and therapeutic applications of zirconium, astatine and thorium are analyzed in depth. Although they are not described as theragnostic pairs, each of these radionuclides plays a fundamental role in precision medicine, which is rapidly advancing within Nuclear Medicine. We begin by analyzing zirconium-89, a positron emitter whose long half-life makes it particularly suitable for labeling large molecules with slow kinetics, such as antibodies, playing a crucial role in immunotherapy.

State of the art and future perspectives of new radionuclides in Nuclear Medicine. Part II.

The state of the art and future perspectives of new radionuclides in Nuclear Medicine continue to evolve, driven by the development of isotopes with innovative applications in theragnostics. In this second part of the continuing education series, the clinical and therapeutic applications of terbium, actinium, and bismuth are analyzed in depth. The use of the four terbium isotopes (terbium-149, terbium-152, terbium-155, and terbium-161) is described, offering a versatile system for both diagnosis and treatment due to their chemical similarity to lutetium-177, along with the challenges related to their production and availability.

Astrocyte glypican 5 regulates synapse maturation and stabilization.

The maturation and stabilization of appropriate synaptic connections is a vital step in neural circuit development; however, the molecular signals underlying these processes are not fully understood. We show that astrocytes, through production of glypican 5 (GPC5), are required for maturation and refinement of synapses in the mouse cortex during the critical period. In the absence of astrocyte GPC5, thalamocortical synapses show structural immaturity, including smaller presynaptic terminals, decreased postsynaptic density area, and presence of more postsynaptic partners at multisynaptic connections.