Malignant Transformation of a Leiomyoma Originating From the Inferior Turbinate.

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a malignant tumor of smooth muscle origin that is most frequently found in the uterus and gastrointestinal tract. LMS involving the head and neck is rare, accounting for only 2.3% of all cases.

Inflammatory Effects of Particulate Matter Exposure on the Nasal and Paranasal Sinus Mucosa in Rats.

Particulate matter (PM) is a major environmental pollutant implicated in various respiratory diseases. However, its impact on the upper respiratory tract, particularly the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa, remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the acute inflammatory effects of PM exposure on the sinonasal mucosa and evaluate the natural recovery process in a controlled rat model.

Paraoxonase-1 Is a Pivotal Regulator Responsible for Suppressing Allergic Airway Inflammation Through Adipose Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.

Although adipose stem cell (ASC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are as effective as ASCs in the suppression of Th2 cell-mediated eosinophilic inflammation, the role of identified pulmonary genes has not been well documented. Thus, we assessed the immunomodulatory effects of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) on allergic airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. Five-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) by intraperitoneal injection and challenged intranasally with OVA.

SCGB1C1 Plays a Critical Role in Suppression of Allergic Airway Inflammation through the Induction of Regulatory T Cell Expansion.

The nanosized vesicles secreted from various cell types into the surrounding extracellular space are called extracellular vesicles (EVs). Although mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs are known to have immunomodulatory effects in asthmatic mice, the role of identified pulmonary genes in the suppression of allergic airway inflammation remains to be elucidated. Moreover, the major genes responsible for immune regulation in allergic airway diseases have not been well documented.

Sleep time on back as a predictor of adherence to positive airway pressure therapy.

Upper airway collapse can be effectively dealt with positive airway pressure (PAP), and patient adherence is considered as a major determining factor for success of PAP therapy. This study was performed to determine the potential factors affecting the adherence to PAP in patients with OSA by using polysomnography (PSG) parameters recorded for diagnosis of OSA. The data of 158 patients between December 2018 and July 2021 were collected.

Predictors of surgical outcomes for limited palatal muscle resection in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: Limited palatal muscle resection (LPMR) is a modified palatal surgical technique to correct retropalatal obstruction without complications. This study aims to determine the associated factors affecting the success and cure rate of LPMR in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), thus guiding patient selection and improving surgical outcome.

Methods: Thirty-five OSA patients underwent LPMR were enrolled.

A Case of Extramedullary Plasmacytoma in Both Maxillary Sinuses.

Plasmacytoma is a rare hematolymphoid malignancy. The three types of plasmacytoma, according to clinical features and morphological characteristics, include solitary bone plasmacytoma, extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP), and multiple myeloma (MM). Although EMP of the head and neck region accounts for approximately 3% of all plasma cell tumors, the involvement of both paranasal sinuses is extremely rare.

Treatment Strategy of Uncontrolled Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Review of Recent Evidence.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is recognized as a heterogeneous disease with a wide range of clinical features, resulting in significant morbidity and cost to the healthcare system. While the phenotypic classification is determined by the presence or absence of nasal polyps and comorbidities, the endotype classification has been established based on molecular biomarkers or specific mechanisms. Research on CRS has now developed based on information based on three major endotypes: types 1, 2, and 3.

Immunomodulatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Allergic Airway Disease.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported as promising candidates for the treatment of various diseases, especially allergic diseases, as they have the capacity to differentiate into various cells. However, MSCs itself have several limitations such as creating a risk of aneuploidy, difficulty in handling them, immune rejection, and tumorigenicity, so interest in the extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from MSCs are increasing, and many studies have been reported. Previous studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by MSCs are as effective as the MSCs themselves in suppression of allergic airway inflammation through the suppression of Th2 cytokine production and the induction of regulatory T cells (Treg) expansion.

Causes and management of persistent septal deviation after septoplasty.

Septoplasty is one of the most common otolaryngological surgical procedures. The causes of persistent septal deviation after primary septoplasty vary. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with failure of primary septoplasty, operative techniques that correct residual septal deviation, and surgical outcomes.

Simple method of saddle nose correction: A double-layer dermofat graft: case report.

Introduction: Saddle nose deformities are typically reconstructed with cartilage grafts; however, conchal cartilage grafts are and associated with a risk of damage to the posterior auricular ligament and insufficient amounts, and costal cartilage grafts require invasive surgery under general anesthesia. We proposed a double-layer dermofat graft as an alternative to these methods.

Patient Concerns: Two patients with type IV saddle nose deformity underwent reconstruction with nasal augmentation with a double-layer dermofat graft harvested from the gluteal sulcus.

Endonasal Endoscopic Removal of Orbital Cavernous Venous Malformation With Optic Neuropathy.

Several surgical methods have been employed, but the management of orbital cavernous venous malformations at the orbital apex remains challenging. The authors present an endonasal endoscopy-assisted removal of an orbital apex cavernous venous malformation compressing the optic nerve with the addition of an inferomedial conjunctival approach. A 43-year-old Asian man presented with an orbital cavernous venous malformation incidentally found radiographically with a history of decreased vision of 20/50 oculus dexter (OD).

Intranasally Administered Extracellular Vesicles from Adipose Stem Cells Have Immunomodulatory Effects in a Mouse Model of Asthma.

Asthma is a chronic eosinophilic airway disease characterized by type 2 helper T cell-driven inflammation. Adipose stem cells (ASCs) and the ASC culture supernatant are known to improve allergic airway inflammation; however, the immunomodulatory effects of ASC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) on allergic airway diseases remain unclear. Thus, we assessed the effects of ASC-derived EVs on allergic airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma.

Risk Model Establishment of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis: a Multicenter Study in Korea.

Background: Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is the mainstay treatment for refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Since various factors may contribute to the surgical outcome, it is challenging for physicians to predict surgical outcomes. The aim of study was to analyze the prognostic factors of postoperative outcomes and to establish the prediction model with the risk factors that impact the postoperative outcomes.

Efficacy of TnR Nasal Mesh for prevention of septal perforation during septoplasty.

Objective: Septoplasty has been reported as the most common cause of the septal perforation. The interposition of the graft materials between the flaps at the site of the tear may be helpful to decrease the likelihood of septal perforation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of TnR Nasal Mesh on the prevention of septal perforation following septoplasty.

Resection of Huge Nasal Septal Chondroma Via Endoscopic Septoplasty Approach Through Modified Killian Incision.

Chondromas are benign cartilaginous tumors that frequently occur in the long bones, pelvis, sternum, ribs, and scapula. They seldom develop in the head and neck region, and there have been rare reports of them arising in the nasal septum. Although the mainstay of management is surgery, surgical treatment strategies vary depending on the size, location, and extent of the disease.

Relationship between allergic rhinitis and nasal surgery success in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Objectives: Nasal obstruction is common in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Nonetheless, the effectiveness of isolated nasal surgery in treatment of OSA remains controversial. This study is to evaluate the subjective and objective outcome after isolated nasal surgery in patients with OSA and to determine the associated factors related to the success rate of isolated nasal surgery.

Eccrine Hidradenoma of the Nasal Vestibule: A Rare Clinical Entity.

Eccrine hidradenoma is a relatively rare benign tumor of sweat gland origin but with possible malignant transformation. It usually consists of solitary, well-demarcated papules or nodules covered with normal skin. Common sites of involvement are the scalp, face, limbs, and anterior trunk.

The Clinical and Radiologic Features Affecting the Ocular Symptoms in Patients With Paranasal Sinus Mucoceles Involving the Orbit.

Introduction: Paranasal sinus (PNS) mucoceles may involve orbit and have ophthalmic manifestations. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical and radiological features affecting the ophthalmic manifestations in patients with PNS mucoceles involving the orbit.

Methods: Fifty-two patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for PNS mucoceles with orbital involvement were investigated.

Efficacy of Rhino-Protect ointment after endoscopic sinus surgery: a prospective, randomized, multicenter study.

Objective: Blocking airflow into the sinonasal cavity after surgery may help to keep the cavity moist and thus decrease postoperative crusting. Here we investigated the efficacy of Rhino-Protect ointment following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).

Subjects And Methods: A total of 93 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who underwent identical ESS were enrolled.

Screening and Functional Pathway Analysis of Pulmonary Genes Associated with Suppression of Allergic Airway Inflammation by Adipose Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.

Background: Although mesenchymal stem cell- (MSC-) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are as effective as MSCs in the suppression of allergic airway inflammation, few studies have explored the molecular mechanisms of MSC-derived EVs in allergic airway diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the lung associated with the suppression of allergic airway inflammation using adipose stem cell- (ASC-) derived EVs.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) by intraperitoneal injection and challenged intranasally with OVA.

Image-guided navigation surgery for bilateral choanal atresia with a Tessier number 3 facial cleft in an adult.

The coexistence of craniofacial cleft and bilateral choanal atresia has only been reported in three cases in the literature, and only one of those cases involved a Tessier number 3 facial cleft. It is also rare for bilateral choanal atresia to be found in adulthood, with 10 previous cases reported in the literature. This report presents the case of a 19-year-old woman with a Tessier number 3 facial cleft who was diagnosed with bilateral choanal atresia in adulthood.

Comparative Analysis of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells and Their Secretome for Auricular Cartilage Regeneration.

Adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) can repair auricular cartilage defects. Furthermore, stem cell secretome may also be a promising biological therapeutic option, which is equal to or even superior to the stem cell. We explored the therapeutic efficacies of ADSCs and their secretome in terms of rabbit auricular cartilage regeneration.