Effect of Intake Air Preheating on Performance and Emissions of a Diesel Engine Using Diesel-Biodiesel-Ethanol Blends.

With growing concerns over fossil fuel depletion, environmental pollution, and the need for sustainable energy solutions, alternative renewable fuels have gained significant attention in the transportation sector. Biodiesel and ethanol are promising biofuels that can reduce dependence on conventional diesel and lower harmful emissions. However, challenges such as fuel compatibility and combustion inefficiencies limit their widespread adoption in compression ignition engines.

Sustainable biodiesel production from cottonseed oil using a nickel-doped eggshell heterogeneous catalyst optimized via response surface methodology.

This study presents a sustainable and low-cost approach to biodiesel production using non-edible cottonseed oil and a novel nickel-doped chicken eggshell-derived catalyst. The catalyst was synthesized via nickel impregnation followed by calcination at 900 °C to facilitate the decomposition of CaCO₃ into catalytically active CaO and promote nickel oxide formation for enhanced surface reactivity. Process optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) resulted in a maximum fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield of 98.

Performance and Emission Analysis of a Biogas-Diesel Dual-Fuel Engine Enhanced with Diethyl Ether Additives.

The growing global energy demand and the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have driven significant interest in sustainable and alternative fuels with biogas emerging as a promising renewable energy source derived from the anaerobic digestion of organic waste. Despite its carbon-neutral combustion and waste-to-energy potential, biogas faces challenges, such as low energy density and slow flame propagation, limiting its direct use in conventional diesel engines. This study explores the feasibility of using biogas in a four-stroke, single-cylinder, water-cooled, direct-injection diesel engine operating in dual-fuel mode with diethyl ether (DEE) employed as a combustion enhancer blended with diesel in varying proportions.

Investigation of spark ignition engine performance in ethanol-petrol blended fuels using artificial neural network.

The increasing global cost of fossil fuels and growing environmental concerns have accelerated the search for sustainable energy alternatives, positioning bioethanol as a promising renewable fuel for spark-ignition (SI) engines. This study uniquely integrates ethanol-petrol blends (E0, E10, E20, and E30) with Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to address critical gaps in predictive modeling and fuel optimization. Experimental tests were conducted on a single-cylinder, four-stroke SI engine under constant load conditions, capturing data on engine speed, mass flow rate, combustion efficiency, peak cylinder pressure, brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), and exhaust gas temperature.

Numerical and experimental analysis of body armor polymer penetration resistance against 7.62 mm bullet.

Advanced materials are crucial for enhancing soldier safety through improved personal body armor. In contrast to conventional Kevlar-epoxy composites, this study examines the ballistic performance of a unique ECO-UHMWPE (Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene) vest. The aim is to achieve a lightweight design with superior impact resistance, addressing limitations of the current armor used by the Ethiopian Defense Force.