The Potential of Transgenic Hybrid Aspen Plants with a Recombinant Gene from the Fungus to Degrade Trichlorophenol.

Laccases are known to be able to degrade phenolic compounds to simpler components. The main objective of our study was to analyze this property in transgenic aspen plants carrying the laccase gene from which can be potentially used in soil phytoremediation. We created transgenic aspen plants carrying the laccase gene from using the agrobacterial transformation of stem explants with the pBI-Lac vector containing the gene from the white rot fungus 072 (NCBI GenBank accession number KP027478).

Climate Response and Radial Growth Dynamics of Pedunculate Oak ( L.) Plus Trees and Their Half-Sib Progeny in Periods of Severe Droughts in the Forest-Steppe Zone of Eastern Europe.

The dendrochronological parameters of 97 pedunculate oak ( L.) trees including 20 plus trees (142-year-old on average) and four half-sib families for four of them were analyzed considering also specifically years of the most severe droughts that were identified using average monthly air temperature and precipitation data. The tree-ring width (TRW) was mostly affected by air temperature that had the largest cross-dating indices (CDI), up to 78% maximum.

Hormonal Status of Transgenic Birch with a Pine Glutamine Synthetase Gene during Rooting In Vitro and Budburst Outdoors.

Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is one of the main ways of increasing plant productivity through genetic engineering. The modification of nitrogen (N) metabolism can affect the hormonal content, but in transgenic plants, this aspect has not been sufficiently studied. Transgenic birch () plants with the pine glutamine synthetase gene were evaluated for hormone levels during rooting in vitro and budburst under outdoor conditions.

Relationship between Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Berries and Leaves of Raspberry Genotypes and Their Genotyping by SSR Markers.

The red raspberry is one of the world's most popular berries. The main direction of its breeding has switched to nutritional quality, and the evaluation of raspberry germplasm for antioxidant content and activity is very important. As berries, raspberry leaves contain valuable bioactive compounds, but the optimal time for their collection is unknown.

Expression of a Stilbene Synthase Gene from the x L. Hybrid Increases the Resistance of Transgenic L. Plants to .

'Isabel' grape ( x L. hybrid) is one of the main grape cultivars in Russia and some other countries for processing, due to its vigor, tolerance to the main fungal diseases, high yield and potential for sugar accumulation. The stilbene synthase gene was isolated from the hybrid grape cv.

Genetic Engineering and Genome Editing for Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Plants.

Low nitrogen availability is one of the main limiting factors for plant growth and development, and high doses of N fertilizers are necessary to achieve high yields in agriculture. However, most N is not used by plants and pollutes the environment. This situation can be improved by enhancing the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in plants.

Structure and Phylogeny of the Curly Birch Chloroplast Genome.

Curly birch [ var. (Merckl.) Hämet-Ahti] is a relatively rare variety of silver birch ( Roth) that occurs mainly in Northern Europe and northwest part of Russia (Karelia).

Efficient Cryopreservation of by In Vitro-Grown Axillary Buds and Genetic Stability of Recovered Plants.

Axillary buds of in vitro microshoots were successfully frozen at -196 °C by the one-step freezing method using the protective vitrification solution 2 (PVS2). Microshoots were taken from 11 transgenic lines and three wild type lines. Influence of different explant pretreatments were analyzed from the point of their influence towards recovery after cryopreservation.

Various effects of the expression of the xyloglucanase gene from Penicillium canescens in transgenic aspen under semi-natural conditions.

Background: Recombinant carbohydrases genes are used to produce transgenic woody plants with improved phenotypic traits. However, cultivation of such plants in open field is challenging due to a number of problems. Therefore, additional research is needed to alleviate them.

Transferability and Polymorphism of SSR Markers Located in Flavonoid Pathway Genes in and Species.

Strawberry () and raspberry () are very popular crops, and improving their nutritional quality and disease resistance are important tasks in their breeding programs that are becoming increasingly based on use of functional DNA markers. We identified 118 microsatellite (simple sequence repeat-SSR) loci in the nucleotide sequences of flavonoid biosynthesis and pathogenesis-related genes and developed 24 SSR markers representing some of these structural and regulatory genes. These markers were used to assess the genetic diversity of 48 and specimens, including wild species and rare cultivars, which differ in berry color, ploidy, and origin.

…Fell Upas Sits, the Hydra-Tree of Death , or the Phytotoxicity of Trees.

The use of natural products that can serve as natural herbicides and insecticides is a promising direction because of their greater safety for humans and environment. Secondary metabolites of plants that are toxic to plants and insects-allelochemicals-can be used as such products. Woody plants can produce allelochemicals, but they are studied much less than herbaceous species.

Molecular Identification and Karyological Analysis of a Rampant Aspen L. (Salicaceae) Clone.

A rampant highly heterozygous aspen ( L.) clone has been revealed in course of population genetic diversity analysis in a native stand in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. Here we report the results of karyological analysis showing that this highly vigorous clone is diploid (2 = 38) while typically triploid aspen demonstrates increased growth rate and resistance to aspen trunk rot caused by fungus .

Influence of Nitrogen Availability on Growth of Two Transgenic Birch Species Carrying the Pine GS1a Gene.

An alternative way to increase plant productivity through the use of nitrogen fertilizers is to improve the efficiency of nitrogen utilization via genetic engineering. The effects of overexpression of pine glutamine synthetase (GS) gene and nitrogen availability on growth and leaf pigment levels of two species were studied. Untransformed and transgenic plants of downy birch () and silver birch () were grown under open-air conditions at three nitrogen regimes (0, 1, or 10 mM) for one growing season.

Application of Microsatellite Loci for Molecular Identification of Elite Genotypes, Analysis of Clonality, and Genetic Diversity in Aspen Populus tremula L. (Salicaceae).

Testing systems for molecular identification of micropropagated elite aspen (Populus tremula L.) genotypes were developed on the base on microsatellite (SSR) loci. Out of 33 tested microsatellite loci, 14 were selected due to sustainable PCR amplification and substantial variability in elite clones of aspen aimed for establishment of fast-rotated forest plantations.