Spin-Orbit Torque Vector Quantification in Nanoscale Magnetic Tunnel Junctions.

Spin-orbit torques (SOT) allow ultrafast, energy-efficient toggling of magnetization state by an in-plane charge current for applications such as magnetic random-access memory (SOT-MRAM). Tailoring the SOT vector comprising of antidamping () and fieldlike () torques could lead to faster, more reliable, and low-power SOT-MRAM. Here, we establish a method to quantify the longitudinal () and transverse () components of the SOT vector and its efficiency χ and χ, respectively, in nanoscale three-terminal SOT magnetic tunnel junctions (SOT-MTJ).