Upadacitinib Results in Endoscopic Remission in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Prior Tofacitinib Failure.

Goals: Assess the safety and effectiveness of upadacitinib in patients with prior tofacitinib failure.

Background: Patients with severe, refractory Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) and inadequate response to medical therapy have a high risk of complications. A better understanding of treatment response in the setting of prior failure may improve disease control in high-risk patients.

Discordance between endoscopic and histopathologic assessment in ileal Crohn's disease.

Background: Discordance between endoscopic and histologic assessments in Crohn's disease (CD) have been observed, however the prevalence and cause are unclear.

Aim: To assess if a protocolized approach to biopsy collection facilitates understanding of this discordance in patients with ileal CD.

Methods: Patients with known ileal CD underwent colonoscopy with endoscopic disease activity assessment.

Case Series: Re-induction of Intravenous, Weight-Based Ustekinumab Is Well Tolerated in Patients With Moderate-Severe Crohn's Disease.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) patients may benefit from biologic optimization.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed adverse events (AEs) and clinical/endoscopic response after ustekinumab re-induction in CD patients.

Results: We identified 28 patients, all with prior biologic exposure.

Tofacitinib Appears Well Tolerated and Effective for the Treatment of Patients with Refractory Crohn's Disease.

Background: Active Crohn's disease increases the risk of strictures, fistulas, and abscesses. Less than 30% of patients with Crohn's disease achieve endoscopic remission on any therapy. Tofacitinib may be a therapeutic option for patients with refractory Crohn's disease.

Safety and Efficacy of Tofacitinib in Combination With Biologic Therapy for Refractory Crohn's Disease.

Background: The majority of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) will not achieve endoscopic remission on current therapy. Addition of tofacitinib to biologics may improve remission rates.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed safety and clinical and endoscopic effectiveness of off-label tofacitinib and biologics for CD.

Efficacy of Infliximab in Crohn's Disease Patients with Prior Primary-Nonresponse to Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonists.

Background: Tumor necrosis factor antagonists (TNFs) are effective for moderate-severe Crohn's disease (CD). Approximately one-third of patients have primary-nonresponse to TNFs, which is reported to predict worse response to subsequent TNF therapy. However, this is based on treatment with subcutaneously (SC) administered, fixed-dose TNFs after failure of intravenously (IV) administered, weight-based TNFs.