Patient Demographics and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events after Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer.

Background: The association between patient demographics and CV events after ADT using real-world data was evaluated. In addition to encompassing >30 times more patients than all previous MACE studies, this is the first study, to the best of our knowledge, to include a comprehensive listing of many demographic factors from one large, recent US dataset over a long period of time.

Materials And Methods: The retrospective analysis of data in the Decision Resources Group (now Clarivate) Real World Evidence repository, representing >300M US patients from 1991 to 2020 across all US regions, was performed.

Performance of Automated Machine Learning in Predicting Outcomes of Pneumatic Retinopexy.

Purpose: Automated machine learning (AutoML) has emerged as a novel tool for medical professionals lacking coding experience, enabling them to develop predictive models for treatment outcomes. This study evaluated the performance of AutoML tools in developing models predicting the success of pneumatic retinopexy (PR) in treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). These models were then compared with custom models created by machine learning (ML) experts.

Heterogeneous integration of spin-photon interfaces with a CMOS platform.

Colour centres in diamond have emerged as a leading solid-state platform for advancing quantum technologies, satisfying the DiVincenzo criteria and recently achieving quantum advantage in secret key distribution. Blueprint studies indicate that general-purpose quantum computing using local quantum communication networks will require millions of physical qubits to encode thousands of logical qubits, presenting an open scalability challenge. Here we introduce a modular quantum system-on-chip (QSoC) architecture that integrates thousands of individually addressable tin-vacancy spin qubits in two-dimensional arrays of quantum microchiplets into an application-specific integrated circuit designed for cryogenic control.

Twitter Buzz and Citations: Who's Tweeting Matters for Plastic Surgery Literature.

Background: Plastic surgery and social media have become inextricably linked through patient procurement, practice growth, and academic exposure. Other surgical fields have demonstrated that tweeting is positively correlated with increased citations. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of Twitter on traditional bibliometrics in plastic surgery and parse out the kinds of tweets that are most correlated with citations.

Selective and Scalable Control of Spin Quantum Memories in a Photonic Circuit.

A central goal in many quantum information processing applications is a network of quantum memories that can be entangled with each other while being individually controlled and measured with high fidelity. This goal has motivated the development of programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) with integrated spin quantum memories using diamond color center spin-photon interfaces. However, this approach introduces a challenge into the microwave control of individual spins within closely packed registers.

Investigation of the Stark Effect on a Centrosymmetric Quantum Emitter in Diamond.

Quantum emitters in diamond are leading optically accessible solid-state qubits. Among these, Group IV-vacancy defect centers have attracted great interest as coherent and stable optical interfaces to long-lived spin states. Theory indicates that their inversion symmetry provides first-order insensitivity to stray electric fields, a common limitation for optical coherence in any host material.

Latent Cytomegalovirus-Driven Recruitment of Activated CD4+ T Cells Promotes Virus Reactivation.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is not cleared by the initial immune response but persists for the lifetime of the host, in part due to its ability to establish a latent infection in cells of the myeloid lineage. HCMV has been shown to manipulate the secretion of cellular proteins during both lytic and latent infection; with changes caused by latent infection mainly investigated in CD34+ progenitor cells. Whilst CD34+ cells are generally bone marrow resident, their derivative CD14+ monocytes migrate to the periphery where they briefly circulate until extravasation into tissue sites.

Transform-Limited Photons From a Coherent Tin-Vacancy Spin in Diamond.

Solid-state quantum emitters that couple coherent optical transitions to long-lived spin qubits are essential for quantum networks. Here we report on the spin and optical properties of individual tin-vacancy (SnV) centers in diamond nanostructures. Through cryogenic magneto-optical and spin spectroscopy, we verify the inversion-symmetric electronic structure of the SnV, identify spin-conserving and spin-flipping transitions, characterize transition linewidths, measure electron spin lifetimes, and evaluate the spin dephasing time.

Pneumatic Retinopexy Experience and Outcomes of Vitreoretinal Fellows in the United States: A Multicenter Study.

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of patients undergoing pneumatic retinopexy (PR) performed by vitreoretinal fellows at 6 academic centers in the United States.

Design: Retrospective, multicenter, consecutive case series.

Participants: 483 patients with primary retinal detachments who underwent PR by 49 vitreoretinal fellows from 6 U.

Time-resolved quantification of the dynamic extracellular space in the brain: study of cortical spreading depression.

Extracellular diffusion in the brain is customarily characterized by two parameters, the extracellular space (ECS) volume fraction α and the diffusion tortuosity λ. How these two parameters are temporarily modified and correlated in a physiological/pathological event remains unclear to date. Using tetramethylammonium (TMA) as an ECS ion tracer in a newly updated iontophoretic sinusoidal method, we studied in this work the dynamic α() and λ() in rat somatosensory cortex during spreading depression (SD).

Time-resolved quantification of the dynamic extracellular space in the brain during short-lived event: methodology and simulations.

Two macroscopic parameters describe the interstitial diffusion of substances in the extracellular space (ECS) of the brain, the ECS volume fraction α and the diffusion tortuosity λ. Past methods based on sampling the extracellular concentration of a membrane-impermeable ion tracer, such as tetramethylammonium (TMA), can characterize either the dynamic α() alone or the constant α and λ in resting state but never the dynamic α() and λ() simultaneously in short-lived brain events. In this work, we propose to use a sinusoidal method of TMA to provide time-resolved quantification of α() and λ() in acute brain events.

Long-term Visual Outcomes and Causes of Vision Loss in Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term visual outcomes and causes of vision loss in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Design: Retrospective, longitudinal study.

Participants: A total of 133 participants (217 eyes) with chronic CSC.

AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION-ASSOCIATED PERIPAPILLARY CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION IN THE ERA OF ANTI-VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR THERAPY.

Purpose: To characterize the natural history and response of age-related macular degeneration-associated peripapillary choroidal neovascularization to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy.

Methods: This was a retrospective case series of patients with peripapillary choroidal neovascularization secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination and retinal imaging including fluorescein angiography and spectral domain optical coherence tomography at each visit.

ANATOMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL TESTING IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITHOUT RETINOPATHY: Results of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Visual Acuity Under Varying Contrast and Luminance Conditions.

Purpose: To assess early retinal microvascular and functional changes in diabetic patients without clinical evidence of diabetic retinopathy with optical coherence tomography angiography and central visual analyzer.

Methods: This was an observational case-control study of diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy and nondiabetic controls. Patients underwent optical coherence tomography angiography imaging and visual acuity testing using the central visual analyzer.

RESOLUTION, DEPTH OF FIELD, AND PHYSICIAN SATISFACTION DURING DIGITALLY ASSISTED VITREORETINAL SURGERY.

Purpose: To evaluate depth of field, lateral resolution, and image quality of a heads-up 3D visualization system for vitreoretinal surgery using physician survey and optical measurement outcomes.

Methods: Depth of field and lateral resolution were compared between the standard ocular viewing system and the digital 3D system at ×5, ×13, and ×18 magnification by 6 retinal surgeons. Optical techniques were used as well as a survey of surgeon impression.

COMPARISON OF RETINAL PATHOLOGY VISUALIZATION IN MULTISPECTRAL SCANNING LASER IMAGING.

Purpose: To compare retinal pathology visualization in multispectral scanning laser ophthalmoscope imaging between the Spectralis and Optos devices.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 42 eyes from 30 patients with age-related macular degeneration (19 eyes), diabetic retinopathy (10 eyes), and epiretinal membrane (13 eyes). All patients underwent retinal imaging with a color fundus camera (broad-spectrum white light), the Spectralis HRA-2 system (3-color monochromatic lasers), and the Optos P200 system (2-color monochromatic lasers).

Optic nerve head problem.

A 68-year-old woman with a recent history of blurring in the left eye had undergone mastectomy for breast cancer 20 years ago. A series of bone metastases started 5 years after her diagnosis. Examination of the optic nerve head of the left eye revealed an isolated peripapillary mass.

Acquired unilateral scotoma.

A 54-year-old white man presented with a "blind spot" temporally in his left eye. Best-corrected visual acuity in the affected eye was 20/20, and Humphrey visual field revealed an enlarged blind spot. Funduscopic examination revealed subtle peripapillary pigmentary changes corresponding to a well-demarcated peripapillary region of hyperautofluorescence and hypoautofluorescence on fundus autofluorescence.

FOVEAL EXUDATE AND CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION IN ATYPICAL CASES OF MULTIPLE EVANESCENT WHITE DOT SYNDROME.

Purpose: To describe atypical cases of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) associated with foveal exudation, increased choroidal thickness, and secondary Type 2 (subretinal) neovascularization.

Methods: Four cases of atypical MEWDS were studied at a retina referral center. Patients underwent evaluation with multimodal retinal imaging, including fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, spectral-domain and enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Rapid hemostatic and mild polyurethane-urea foam wound dressing for promoting wound healing.

A novel rapid hemostatic and mild polyurethane-urea foam (PUUF) wound dressing was prepared by the particle leaching method and vacuum freeze-drying method using 4, 4-Methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate), 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane and poly (ethylene glycol) as raw materials. And X-ray diffraction (XRD), tensile test, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG) were used to its crystallinity, stress and strain behavior, and thermal properties, respectively. Platelet adhesion, fibrinogen adhesion and blood clotting were performed to evaluate its hemostatic effect.

OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY OF CHORIORETINAL LESIONS DUE TO IDIOPATHIC MULTIFOCAL CHOROIDITIS.

Purpose: To evaluate the spectrum of macular chorioretinal lesions occurring in idiopathic multifocal choroiditis using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to evaluate those showing neovascular flow.

Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective study of 18 eyes of 14 patients with multifocal choroiditis. Macular lesions were characterized as subretinal pigment epithelium, subretinal, or mixed and evaluated during active and presumed inactive states of multifocal choroiditis.