Adverse Reactions to Taxanes in Premedicated Cancer Patients: A Prospective Observational Study.

Introduction:  Taxanes, including paclitaxel, docetaxel, and cabazitaxel, are widely used anticancer agents that disrupt cell division by binding to microtubules, but are associated with significant adverse reactions, particularly infusion-related reactions (IRRs), such as flushing, urticaria, and respiratory symptoms. Despite premedication with steroids, antihistamines, and antiemetics per guidelines, taxane-induced side effects remain prevalent and can result in treatment delays or discontinuation, impacting patient outcomes. This study aimed to observe and document the incidence and spectrum of adverse reactions to taxanes among premedicated cancer patients to improve management and overall chemotherapy success.

Beyond the number-Age as a prognostic indicator in endometrial cancer.

Background: The integration of molecular classification into endometrial cancer (EC) staging has advanced targeted therapies, yet patient demographics-especially age-remain vital in understanding risk factors, cancer characteristics, and treatment outcomes. As the age of diagnosis decreases, distinguishing the unique needs of patients aged ≤50 versus >50 is crucial for tailored treatment strategies.

Method: A single-institution retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Gynaecological Oncology between January 2015 and June 2021, including 381 surgically treated patients with available electronic medical records, to examine EC distribution, clinical-pathological factors, and survival in women aged ≤50 and >50 years.

Emerging targets and translational challenges in treating paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy.

Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is a frequent, dose-limiting toxicity that affects up to 70% of patients undergoing paclitaxel-based chemotherapy. Its pathophysiology involves disrupted microtubule dynamics, mitochondrial dysfunction, altered calcium signalling, and neuroinflammation. Current treatment strategies for the management of PIPN are limited and underscore the urgent need to identify novel molecular targets to mitigate its adverse effects.

Randomised Controlled Trial Evaluating the Impact of Intravenous Iron (ferric carboxymaltose) Supplementation Among Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patients with Anemia.

Unlabelled: The prevalence of anemia is ≥ 50% during treatment (surgery and chemotherapy) in patients with diagnosis of ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose supplementation on blood transfusion rates and hemoglobin levels in anemic epithelial ovarian cancer patients from intervention to 3 months after the last chemotherapy cycle. Sixty-nine patients with diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer with hemoglobin levels ≤ 10 g/dl were randomized in a parallel-group randomized controlled trial conducted at a single institute.

Safety and efficacy of atezolizumab/bevacizumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma-a multicentric study.

Purpose: Immunotherapy with atezolizumab and bevacizumab is the current first-line standard of care for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy profile of atezolizumab-bevacizumab in the Indian population, as there are limited studies.

Patients And Methods: All patients diagnosed with advanced HCC who received systemic therapy with atezolizumab bevacizumab as the first- or second-line therapy were included in the study.

Epidemiological and histopathological profile of lung Cancer: Insights from a 15-year cross-sectional study at a tertiary care centre in South India.

Background In India, lung cancer accounts for 5.9 % of all cancers and 8.1 % of all cancer-related deaths, with adenocarcinoma emerging as the most common histopathological subtype in developing countries.

Analysing the clinical outcomes between FIGO 2009 and 2023 staging for endometrial cancer-a single institution retrospective study.

The latest International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging for endometrial cancer incorporated molecular profiles and histopathological factors into the basic staging framework. This study was done to determine its implications when applied in real-world clinical practice. The main objectives were to analyse the stage shifts and determine the stage-wise 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) between the two staging systems.

The new FIGO 2023 staging reclassification of patients with FIGO 2009 Stage IVB endometrial cancer correlates to progression-free and overall survival outcomes.

Objective: This study aims to determine the oncological outcomes of Stage IVB (FIGO 2009) Endometrial cancer patients and its comparison with the new (FIGO 2023) staging.

Methods: A Retrospective analysis was conducted between May 30, 2011, and December 30, 2020 on all patients with stage IVB (FIGO 2009 Staging) endometrial cancer. Overall survival (OS) was the primary outcome.

Genetic determinants of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy: a review of current literature.

Paclitaxel is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent recognized for its efficacy against various malignancies. However, its clinical utility is often limited by paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN), a dose-dependent and debilitating side effect that significantly impacts patient quality of life. Genetic predisposition plays a critical role in individual susceptibility to PIPN, influencing both drug metabolism and neuropathic responses.

Economic burden of breast cancer in India, 2000-2021 and forecast to 2030.

Background Breast cancer represents a significant public health concern in India, accounting for 28% of all cancer diagnoses and imposing a substantial economic burden. This study introduces a novel approach to forecasting the number of breast cancer cases (based on prevalence rates) and estimating the associated economic impact in India using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. Methods Data on the prevalence of breast cancer in India from 2000 to 2021 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database.

Exceptional long term response to crizotinib in ROS 1-postive advanced non small cell lung cancer.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the majority of lung cancer cases worldwide, with a significant proportion of patients harbouring actionable oncogenic alterations. Among these alterations, the ROS1 rearrangement represents a distinct subset with therapeutic implications. Here, we present the case of a 52-year-old man diagnosed with advanced NSCLC harbouring the ROS1 fusion gene.

Prevalence and types of cancer in older Indians: A multicentric observational study across 17 institutions in India.

The global demographic and epidemiological transition have led to a rapidly increasing burden of cancer, particularly among older adults. There are scant data on the prevalence and demographic pattern of cancer in older Indian persons. This was a multicentric observational study conducted between January 2019 and December 2020.

Molecular pathogenesis of microsatellite instability-high early-stage colorectal adenocarcinoma in India.

Objectives: The prevalence of microsatellite instability (MSI) subtype among all colon cancers in India is about 30 %, approximately two times more than that of western population suggesting different molecular pathogeneses.

Methods: A analysis-based Pan cancer differential expression (DE) profile was determined in a primary cohort of early-stage CRC (tumor=10, normal=7), and correlated against MSI status. Using RT-PCR, tumor-specific genes were validated in another cohort of MSI-high CRC (n=15).

Diffuse pleural metastasis from atypical meningioma.

Meningioma is the most common benign primary brain tumour and does not usually metastasise. We report the case of a 69-year-old male patient with a history of meningioma who presented respiratory symptoms. He was found to have diffuse pleural metastasis from meningioma, which occurred 10 years after surgical management of recurrent meningioma.

Co-relation of Portal Vein Tumour Thrombus Response With Survival Function Following Robotic Radiosurgery in Vascular Invasive Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) with robotic radiosurgery in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with macrovascular invasion (HCC-PVT).

Materials And Methods: Patients with inoperable HCC-PVT, good performance score (PS0-1) and preserved liver function [up to Child-Pugh (CP) B7] were accrued after ethical and scientific committee approval [Clinical trial registry-India (CTRI): 2022/01/050234] for treatment on robotic radiosurgery (M6) and planned with Multiplan (iDMS V2.0).

Assessment of potential drug-drug interactions in hospitalized cancer patients.

IntroductionDrug-drug interactions (DDIs) pose a significant threat to patients with cancer, resulting in several adverse events in an oncology setting. Our study aims to identify potential DDIs in inpatient oncology wards, assess their severity, and provide recommendations to avoid these interactions.Materials and methodsThis prospective study was conducted in 79 hospitalized cancer patients over a period of 9 months (from August 2021 to May 2022) at the Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi receiving at least two oncological or non-oncological drugs for 5 days.

Endometriosis in clear cell and endometrioid carcinoma ovary: its impact on clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes.

Background: Malignant transformation in endometriosis was first described by Sampson in 1925. There is now sufficient evidence of its association specifically with endometrioid (EOC) and clear cell ovarian cancer (CCOC). Whether endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC) is a distinct clinicopathological entity from non-endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (NEAOC) remains uncertain.

Evaluation of premetastatic changes in lymph nodes(pN0) of oral tongue tumour: A prospective observational Study.

Tongue tumors show intra and inter-tumoral heterogenicity with high incidence, relapse and mortality rates necessitating further research.  Recurrence/metastasis that occurs  after surgical resection of primary cancer is often the reason for poor survival in these patients.  Lymph nodes are the most common site of metastasis in tongue tumors.

5-FU mediated depletion of myeloid suppressor cells enhances T-cell infiltration and anti-tumor response in immunotherapy-resistant lung tumor.

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a heterogeneous system consisting of both cellular and acellular components. The growth and progression of tumors rely greatly on the nature of TME, marking it as an important target in cancer immunotherapy. Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) is an established murine lung cancer model representing immunologically 'cold' tumors characterized by very few infiltrated cytotoxic T-cells, high levels of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) and Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs).

Analysis of the Mortality Trends of 23 Major Cancers in the Indian Population Between 2000 and 2019: A Joinpoint Regression Analysis.

Purpose: Cancer mortality trends have not been documented across the population of India. We, therefore, analyzed the overall and individual cancer mortality trends for 23 major cancers between 2000 and 2019 on the basis of Global Health Observatory (GHO) database.

Materials And Methods: This study examined cancer mortality trends for 23 major cancer sites on the basis of 12.

Prospective Evaluation of Response to Treatment, Survival Functions, Recurrence Pattern and Toxicity Profile in Indian Patients with Oligo-Brain Metastasis Treated with Only SRS.

Background: Prospective analysis of oligo-brain metastasis in Indian patients treated with SRS-only treatment.

Methods: Between January 2017 and May 2022, 235 patients were screened and 138 histologically proven and radiologically confirmed. One to five brain metastasis patients aged more than 18 years with good Karnofsky performance status (KPS >70) accrued in ethical and scientific committee-approved prospective observational study protocol for treatment with only radiosurgery (SRS) with robotic radiosurgery (CyberKnife, CK) [AIMS IRB: 2020-071; CTRI No: REF/2022/01/050237].

Primary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx: A Case Report.

Neuroendocrine tumours can originate from any part of the body. The most common site in the head and neck is the larynx, accounts for less than 0.6%.

Deciphering the role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 as a diagnostic-prognostic-therapeutic candidate against hepatocellular carcinoma.

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that performs a dual role as a tumor suppressor and tumor promoter during cancer progression. Among different ligands of the TGF-β family, TGF-β1 modulates most of its biological outcomes. Despite the abundant expression of TGF-β1 in the liver, steatosis to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression triggers elevated TGF-β1 levels, contributing to poor prognosis and survival.