Collaborating Across the Globe: The Yale-University of Jordan International Interprofessional Addiction Education Program.

Background: Substance use is a major global public health challenge. A well-trained health care workforce is needed to prevent, address, and treat substance use disorders (SUD) internationally.

Methods: In September 2021, the Yale Schools of Medicine (YSM) and Public Health (YSPH) and the University of Jordan (UJ) collaborated to establish the Yale-UJ Joint Training Program in Addiction Medicine.

Cancer care interventions for forcibly displaced populations in low- and middle-income countries of the Middle East and North African region affected by humanitarian crises: Protocol for a scoping review.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to describe and assess what cancer treatment interventions exist for forcibly displaced populations living with cancer in LMIC humanitarian settings in the Middle East and North African (MENA) region and what research has been done on these interventions.

Background: Humanitarian aid usually provides short-term requirements for food, shelter, and trauma relief; long-term relief focuses mainly on communicable diseases and not non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like cancer. However, no systematic search and synthesis resource of existing cancer care interventions for forcibly displaced populations in LMICs of the MENA region exists.

Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Management in an Area of Protracted Conflict: A Case Series from Northwest Syria.

 Breast cancer remains a significant public health challenge in conflict-affected regions. This study aims to investigate the impact of armed conflict on the burden of breast cancer in female patients in northwest Syria, focusing on clinical presentations, management, diagnosis, access to care, and treatment outcomes.  We conducted a retrospective analysis of breast cancer patients diagnosed at the Idlib Oncology Center between March 2017 and January 2022.

Novel Elective Course on Substance Use for Pharmacy Students in Jordan.

Objective: The objective of this report is to describe the development, implementation, feasibility, and evaluation of a novel elective course on substance use for pharmacy students in Jordan. This was part of the Yale-University of Jordan (UJ) Joint Training Program in Addiction Medicine that was launched in 2021 to address the lack of addiction-specific training for health profession students.

Methods: The course reflects a 15-week curriculum for fifth-year Doctor of Pharmacy and Bachelor of Pharmacy students.

The effect of conflict on damage to medical facilities in Mariupol, Ukraine: A quasi-experimental study.

Medical facilities are civilian objects specially protected by international humanitarian law. Despite the need for systematic documentation of the effects of war on medical facilities for judiciary accountability, current methods for surveilling damage to protected civilian objects during ongoing armed conflict are insufficient. Satellite imagery damage assessment confers significant possibilities for investigating patterns of war.

Utilization of Mental Health Counseling Services Among Refugees and Asylum-Seekers in Malaysia.

This paper examines the frequency of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and factors associated with mental health counseling utilization among adult refugees and asylum-seekers in Malaysia. Participants (n = 286) were recruited using venue-based random sampling from three health clinics in 2018. Framed by Andersen's model of health care utilization, we used a multilevel logistic regression and hypothesized that predisposing factors (female, older age, not married, higher education, lived longer in Malaysia, registered refugee), greater enabling factors (easy access to healthcare, larger household income, not needing interpreter, health literacy, larger household), and greater need factors (higher PTSD symptoms) would be associated with counseling attendance.

A Scoping Review of Factors Associated with HIV Acquisition in the Context of Humanitarian Crises.

Humanitarian crises-natural or human-made events that can threaten communities' health, safety, security, and well-being-may affect the HIV epidemic dynamics. Common aspects of humanitarian crises such as poverty, powerlessness, disruptions to the health systems, and social instability can contribute to a person's vulnerability to HIV infection through increased risk behaviors and limited access to health services. Guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) reporting guidelines, we conducted a scoping review of literature published in English between January 1990 and March 2022 to characterize the global evidence of modifiable and non-modifiable factors for HIV acquisition in the context of humanitarian crises.

Sharing Culture and Management of Sex Work Information on Mobile Phones by Female Sex Workers in Nepal: Implications for mHealth Practice and Research.

Female sex workers (FSWs) in Nepal continue to be disproportionately at risk for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), including HIV. Due to stigma related to sex work and HIV, FSWs keep their sex work information hidden, which poses a barrier to seeking health services. Emerging research indicates a high uptake of mobile phones among FSWs in Nepal.

Curricula and resources related to social entrepreneurship and public health innovation within schools of public health in the United States.

This paper examines the current state of social innovation and entrepreneurship programming, courses, and centers within schools of public health through a survey data analysis. This report presents a cross-sectional survey conducted among faculty members of public health schools in the United States. The survey aims to determine the availability and current state of student-centered programs and courses centered around social innovation and entrepreneurship within schools of public health.

Damage to medical complexes in the Israel-Hamas war: a geospatial analysis.

Introduction: Medical facilities are civilian objects specially protected during armed conflict by international humanitarian law (IHL). These protections are customarily applied regardless of the conflict, parties or contexts involved. Attacks on medical care have characterised the bombardment campaign of the Gaza Strip beginning 7 October 2023.

Social support as a mediator between mental health and stigma among newly HIV-positive men who have sex with men.

Objectives: The sociocultural context of China gives rise to unique experiences of HIV-related stigma and adverse impacts on mental health among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV. However, few studies have explored the stigma among families in the cultural context of China and the role of social support as a mediator to explain how HIV-related stigma results in poor psychological well-being. This study aims to test the mediating effect of social support between HIV-related stigma and family stigma on the mental health of MSM.

Gender inequality and burden of orofacial clefts in the Eastern Mediterranean region: findings from global burden of disease study 1990-2019.

Background: Gender inequality may be associated with the burden of orofacial clefts (OFCs), particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). To investigate the OFCs' burden and its association with gender inequality in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR).

Methods: Country-specific data on the OFCs' prevalence and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2019 were gathered from the Global Burden of Disease database by age and gender.

A survey of ethical sensitivity among nursing students and its influencing factors.

Background: Nurses frequently experience ethical issues in their area of practice. In the challenging reality of today's healthcare environment, nursing students need to be prepared to deal with ethical issues in their future roles. Nevertheless, Chinese nursing students' ethical sensitivity status and the factors influencing it have not been described.

Epidemiology of substance use and mental health disorders among forced migrants displaced from the MENAT region: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

Background: Understanding the epidemiology of substance use disorders (SUDs) and mental health disorders (MHDs) among forced migrants from the Middle East and North Africa and Türkiye (MENAT) region is of utmost importance given their distinct challenges and vulnerabilities. Existing research on the topic is substantial; however, comprehensive systematic reviews are limited. We aim to conduct a systematic literature review to bridge this gap, providing a thorough understanding of SUDs and MHDs epidemiology among this population.

Experiences of stigma, mental health, and coping strategies in Lebanon among Lebanese and displaced Syrian men who have sex with men: A qualitative study.

Background: In Lebanon, men who have sex with men (MSM) face high rates of stigma, discrimination, and violence. Minority stress, or the unique stressors related to anti-MSM stigma and discrimination, negatively impacts the mental health of MSM. These stressors are heightened for those with intersectional minority identities such as displaced Syrian MSM in Lebanon.

Informed consent in cancer clinical drug trials in China: a narrative literature review of the past 20 years.

Background: Although the number of cancer clinical drug trials is increasing rapidly in China, issues concerning informed consent in this research context are understudied. By performing a narrative literature review, we aim to describe the current situation and identify the most salient challenges affecting informed consent in cancer clinical drug trials among adult patients in China since 2000.

Methods: We searched Web of Science (WOS), PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library databases, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Database on Disc (CBMdisc), Chinese Scientific Journals Fulltext Database (CQVIP), and WANFANG Data to identify relevant publications since 2000.

Knowledge and attitudes of Chinese medical postgraduates toward research ethics and research ethics committees: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Research ethics provides the ethical standards for conducting sound and safe research. The field of medical research in China is rapidly growing and facing various ethical challenges. However, in China, little empirical research has been conducted on the knowledge and attitudes of medical postgraduates toward research ethics and RECs.

COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy Among Health Care Workers in Lebanon.

Background: Lebanon endured its worst economic and financial crisis in 2020-2021. To minimize the impact of COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to improve the overall COVID-19 vaccination rate. Given that vaccine hesitancy among health care workers (HCWs) affects the general population's decision to be vaccinated, our study assessed COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among Lebanon HCWs and identified barriers, demographic differences, and the most trusted sources of COVID-19 information.

Ethical Decision-making of Health Professionals Caring for People Living with HIV/AIDS in Hunan, China: A Qualitative Study.

Numerous ethical issues surged the moment acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was discovered. As advocates of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), health professionals encounter many ethical dilemmas in clinical practice. However, it remains unclear how health professionals solve these issues.

Hybrid warfare and public health: Conflicts in Ukraine and Nagorno-Karabakh raise the alarm.

Hybrid warfare strategies include weaponization of healthcare, the use of non-conventional weapons, and strategic displacement of civilian populations via direct targeting, sexual violence, disinformation campaigns, and disruption of essential services such as water, food, gas, and access to health services. All these actions harm public health. The current war in Ukraine and the 2020 Second Nagorno-Karabakh war between Azerbaijan and Armenia serve as vivid examples of the novel and devastating public health effects of hybrid warfare targeting civilians.