Using the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System to Describe Experimental and Control Arms of a Clinical Trial for Breast Cancer Survivors.

The Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System (RTSS) provides a framework to decompose complex interventions into components, each defined by its known or hypothesized active ingredients. In addition to its value in planning new interventions and understanding existing ones, we suggest it can be used to help interpret findings of clinical trials and plan next steps in a research program. This paper presents an analysis in which we used the RTSS to retrospectively delineate targets and ingredients of an experimental treatment, Behavioral Activation and Problem-Solving (BA/PS), and then examined the attention control condition for overlapping ingredients that could clarify the control condition's unanticipated effects.

Exercise That Feels as Good as Possible: Acceptability of an Affect-Based Exercise Prescription Among Stage 0-III Breast Cancer Survivors.

Background: Leaders in the field have called for exercise counseling to become standard of care by 2029. An Affect-based exercise prescription (Affect-Rx) may be a viable strategy for supporting this effort.

Aims: Guided by the ORBIT Model for developing behavioral treatments, this Phase 1b study evaluated breast cancer survivors' perceived acceptability of Affect-Rx.

A hope intervention for adolescents: a randomized controlled trial delivered by paraprofessionals.

Introduction: A workshop for adolescents was derived from an interdisciplinary model of hope. The workshop was created for delivery by professionals or lay helpers and is structured around the needs for attachment, survival, mastery, and spirituality.

Methods: Adolescents, 13 to 17 years of age, received a five-week group intervention led by pairs of advanced psychology students.

"Optimizing Wellness and Neurorehabilitation with Mindfulness (OWNMindfulness)": feasibility of a novel mindfulness-based rehabilitation intervention for Persisting Symptoms after Concussion.

Background: Persisting Symptoms after Concussion (PSaC) are common and difficult to treat. Mindfulness-based interventions can support recovery but are rarely included in rehabilitative care. We developed , an eight-week live-video mindfulness-based group for PSaC.

Behavior change theory and behavior change technique use in cancer rehabilitation interventions: a secondary analysis.

Background: There is limited evidence depicting ways that behavioral theory and techniques have been incorporated into cancer rehabilitation interventions. Examining their use within cancer rehabilitation interventions may provide insight into the active ingredients that can maximize patient engagement and intervention effectiveness.

Aim: This secondary analysis aimed to describe the use of behavior change theory and behavior change techniques (BCTs) in two previously conducted systematic reviews of cancer rehabilitation interventions.

Community-Led Action Research in Oncology: Pandemic-Appropriate Radiotherapy Innovations Evaluated (CLARO PARTE) for Latin America and the Caribbean Countries.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify, evaluate, and rank suitable safety innovations developed during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) radiation oncology centers.

Methods: We conducted a multimodal participatory engagement collaboration with the Latin-American and Caribbean Society of Medical Oncology. The study consisted of four phases.

Implementing evidence-based practices in rural settings: a scoping review of theories, models, and frameworks.

Background: Rural healthcare has unique characteristics that affect the dissemination and implementation of evidence-based interventions. Numerous theories, models, and frameworks have been developed to guide implementation of healthcare interventions, though not specific to rural healthcare. The present scoping review sought to identify the theories, models, and frameworks most frequently applied to rural health and propose an approach to rural health research that harnesses selected constructs from these theories, models, and frameworks.

"If I have a limited amount of time left, this is not how I want to spend it": A qualitative descriptive study of factors influencing daily life participation following a cancer diagnosis.

Objective: Following a cancer diagnosis, restricted participation in daily life is common. Restricted participation can be temporary or long lasting. The aim of this study was to characterize how daily life participation is impacted following a cancer diagnosis.

Telephone-Based Rehabilitation Intervention to Optimize Activity Participation After Breast Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Following treatment, breast cancer survivors face challenges participating in valued activities.

Objective: To determine whether a telephone-based coaching rehabilitation intervention enhances activity participation in the year following breast cancer treatment.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this multisite, single-blind randomized clinical trial (Optimizing Functional Recovery of Breast Cancer Survivors), recruitment occurred between August 28, 2019, and April 30, 2022.

Strategies to support cancer survivors at work: content analysis of cancer survivor, healthcare provider, and employer perspectives.

Purpose: To (1) describe the challenges identified by cancer survivors, healthcare providers, and employers related to work maintenance and optimization during and after cancer treatment and (2) identify strategies that can address those challenges.

Methods: We conducted content analysis of semi-structured interview data collected from cancer survivors, healthcare providers, and employers regarding workplace challenges that cancer survivors face and strategies to address them. Challenges and strategies were summarized according to whether they related to the cancer survivor, the work demands, or the work environment.

A Process Evaluation of Intervention Delivery for a Cancer Survivorship Rehabilitation Clinical Trial Conducted during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The purpose of the present study was to conduct a process evaluation of intervention delivery for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic (NCT03915548). The RCT tested the effects of a telephone-delivered behavioral intervention on changes in breast cancer survivors' satisfaction with social roles and activities, as compared to an attention control condition. This process evaluation examined (a) fidelity monitoring scores; (b) participants' perceived benefit ratings for gaining confidence, reducing distress, adjusting habits and routines, setting goals, and increasing exercise; and (c) field notes, email communications, and transcripts of coach supervision and debriefing sessions.

Preferences on Delivery of Cancer Rehabilitation Services for Cancer-Related Disability Among Older Individuals Surviving Breast Cancer: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Older individuals surviving breast cancer often encounter cancer-related disability as a short-term or long-term effect of cancer and related treatment. Cancer rehabilitation interventions have the potential to prevent, mitigate, or remediate cancer-related disability. However, use of these services remains limited.

Finding the Optimal Exercise Dose While Living With Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Qualitative Study.

Purpose: To gain insight into how survivors of breast cancer (SBCs) with cancer-related fatigue (CRF) self-monitor and manage exercise dose in the context of daily life, and how they identify an optimal exercise dose.

Participants & Setting: 11 SBCs with CRF who reported weekly exercise were recruited from a breast cancer center at a large urban hospital in the northeastern region of the United States.

Methodologic Approach: One-on-one semistructured interviews were conducted using a descriptive phenomenologic method.

International consensus on occupational therapy interventions for people with palliative care needs: A European Association for Palliative Care Group Concept Mapping study.

Background: While evidence shows that occupational therapists can play a key role in the care of people with palliative care needs, more knowledge about effective occupational therapy interventions for this group is needed.

Aim: To identify, organise and prioritise intervention components considered to be effective within occupational therapy for people with palliative care needs from the perspective of occupational therapy clinicians, managers and researchers.

Design: Group Concept Mapping utilising a mixed methods participatory approach.

Exploring Acceptability of Employment Interventions to Support People Living With Cancer: Qualitative Study of Cancer Survivors, Health Care Providers, and Employers.

Background: Employment contributes to cancer survivors' quality of life, but this population faces a variety of challenges when working during and after treatment. Factors associated with work outcomes among cancer survivors include disease and treatment status, work environment, and social support. While effective employment interventions have been developed in other clinical contexts, existing interventions have demonstrated inconsistent effectiveness in supporting cancer survivors at work.

Preferences for Participation Measurement Among Individuals Diagnosed With Cancer: A Qualitative Content Analysis.

Individuals with cancer experience occupational participation restrictions, but there is no consensus on how to measure this construct. The objective of this study is to describe the perspectives and preferences of individuals with cancer regarding participation measurement. Forty individuals with brain, breast, colorectal, and lung cancer provided feedback on three participation measures in semi-structured interviews.

Behavioral Activation: Values-Aligned Activity Engagement as a Transdiagnostic Intervention for Common Geriatric Conditions.

Scalable, transdiagnostic interventions are needed to meet the needs of a growing population of older adults experiencing multimorbidity and functional decline. Behavioral activation (BA) is a pragmatic, empirically supported treatment for depression that focuses on increasing engagement in values-aligned activities. We propose BA is an ideal transdiagnostic intervention approach for older adults because it (a) specifically targets activity restriction, a shared characteristic of common conditions of aging; and (b) has strong potential for scalability through delivery by a broad range of clinician and nonclinician interventionists and via telehealth.

Trajectories of participation in daily life among individuals newly diagnosed with cancer: A 5-month longitudinal study.

Purpose: To determine how participation in daily life is impacted during the first six months following a new cancer diagnosis and to identify risk factors for participation restrictions. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were used to suggest referrals to rehabilitation services.

Methods: Participants (n = 123) were adults (> 18 years) with the newly diagnosed primary brain, breast, colorectal, or lung cancer.

"The Last Thing You Have to Worry About": A Thematic Analysis of Employment Challenges Faced by Cancer Survivors.

The evidence base for interventions that support the employment goals of cancer survivors is growing but inconclusive. As the first step in initiating a community-engaged program of research aimed at developing and testing interventions to support the employment goals of cancer survivors, 23 cancer survivors, 17 healthcare providers, and 5 employers participated in individual interviews to elicit perceptions regarding local challenges and resources related to work maintenance and optimization within the context of cancer treatment. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim.

Perspectives of Participation in Daily Life From Cancer Survivors: A Qualitative Analysis.

Objective: To characterize how survivors of cancer define participation.

Design: Cross-sectional qualitative study.

Setting: Participants were enrolled from a large academic medical center in the Midwestern United States.

The influence of telehealth-based cancer rehabilitation interventions on disability: a systematic review.

Purpose: To characterize delivery features and explore effectiveness of telehealth-based cancer rehabilitation interventions that address disability in adult cancer survivors.

Methods: A systematic review of electronic databases (CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Library: Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, National Health Service's Health Technology Assessment, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) was conducted in December 2019 and updated in April 2021.

Results: Searches identified 3,499 unique studies.

Factors influencing utilization of cancer rehabilitation services among older breast cancer survivors in the USA: a qualitative study.

Purpose: Many older breast cancer survivors experience long-term disability due to cancer and cancer-related treatments. However, less than 20% of older breast cancer survivors utilize cancer rehabilitation services to address cancer-related disability. Further understanding of survivor experiences may reveal strategies to improve uptake cancer rehabilitation services in the USA.