CLAW-MRM: omprehensive ipidomics utomation orkflow for ultiple eaction onitoring Using Large Language Models.

Lipidomic profiling generates vast datasets, making manual annotation and trend interpretation complex and time-intensive. The structural and chemical diversity of the lipidome further complicates the analysis. While existing tools support targeted lipid identification, they often lack automated workflows and seamless integration with statistical and bioinformatics tools.

Glial Biologist's Guide to Mass Spectrometry-Based Lipidomics: A Tutorial From Sample Preparation to Data Analysis.

Neurological diseases are associated with disruptions in the brain lipidome that are becoming central to disease pathogenesis. Traditionally perceived as static structural support in membranes, lipids are now known to be actively involved in cellular signaling, energy metabolism, and other cellular activities involving membrane curvature, fluidity, fusion or fission. Glia are critical in the development, health, and function of the brain, and glial regulation plays a major role in disease.

Lipids: Emerging Players of Microglial Biology.

Lipids are small molecule immunomodulators that play critical roles in maintaining cellular health and function. Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, regulate lipid metabolism both in the extracellular environment and within intracellular compartments through various mechanisms. For instance, glycerophospholipids and fatty acids interact with protein receptors on the microglial surface, such as the Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2, influencing cellular functions like phagocytosis and migration.

Microglial responses to inflammatory challenge in adult rats altered by developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in a sex-specific manner.

Polychlorinated biphenyls are ubiquitous environmental contaminants linkedc with peripheral immune and neural dysfunction. Neuroimmune signaling is critical to brain development and later health; however, effects of PCBs on neuroimmune processes are largely undescribed. This study extends our previous work in neonatal or adolescent rats by investigating longer-term effects of perinatal PCB exposure on later neuroimmune responses to an inflammatory challenge in adulthood.

The PIKK-AKT connection in the DNA damage response.

DNA damage and subsequent cellular response are the basis for many cancer treatments. In this issue of , Liu elucidate a mechanism by which cancer cells survive DNA damage induced by radiation and chemotherapy.

Harnessing to Control Bacterial Panicle Blight of Rice.

Bacterial panicle blight of rice is a seedborne disease caused by the bacterium This disease has affected rice production worldwide and its effects are likely to become more devastating with the continuous increase in global temperatures, especially during the growing season. The bacterium can cause disease symptoms in different tissues and at different developmental stages. In reproductive stages, the bacterium interferes with grain development in the panicles and, as a result, directly affects rice yield.

Sex-specific effects of developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on neuroimmune and dopaminergic endpoints in adolescent rats.

Exposure to environmental contaminants early in life can have long lasting consequences for physiological function. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of ubiquitous contaminants that perturb endocrine signaling and have been associated with altered immune function in children. In this study, we examined the effects of developmental exposure to PCBs on neuroimmune responses to an inflammatory challenge during adolescence.

Identification of metabolites produced during the complete biodegradation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride by an enriched activated sludge microbial community.

Ionic liquids (ILs) are highly polar solvents with unique physicochemical properties that make them promising green alternatives to volatile organic solvents. Since ILs can be toxic to organisms, the development of methods to degrade ILs into harmless molecules prior to disposal is critical to enhancing their green properties. In this study, metabolites generated during the biodegradation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) by an enriched, activated sludge microbial community were investigated.

Ionic liquid biodegradability depends on specific wastewater microbial consortia.

Complete biodegradation of a newly-synthesized chemical in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) eliminates the potential for novel environmental pollutants. However, differences within- and between-WWTP microbial communities may alter expectations for biodegradation. WWTP communities can also serve as a source of unique consortia that, when enriched, can metabolize chemicals that tend to resist degradation, but are otherwise promising green alternatives.

Pain and Surgery in England, circa 1620-circa 1740.

The scholarship on the discussion and role of pain in early modern English surgery is limited. Scholars have given little consideration to how surgeons described and comprehended pain in their patients' bodies in early modern England, including how these understandings connected to notions of the humours, nerves and sex difference. This article focuses on the attention that surgeons paid to pain in their published and manuscript casebooks and manuals available in English, circa 1620-circa 1740.

Size-dependent antimicrobial effects of novel palladium nanoparticles.

Investigating the interactions between nanoscale materials and microorganisms is crucial to provide a comprehensive, proactive understanding of nanomaterial toxicity and explore the potential for novel applications. It is well known that nanomaterial behavior is governed by the size and composition of the particles, though the effects of small differences in size toward biological cells have not been well investigated. Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) have gained significant interest as catalysts for important carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom reactions and are increasingly used in the chemical industry, however, few other applications of Pd NPs have been investigated.

Family functioning and coping styles in families of children with cancer and HIV disease.

Disease-specific characteristics of pediatric illnesses may influence the functioning of families and the coping responses they enact. This study compared family functioning and coping styles within and between 2 different medical groups: families of children with cancer (n = 44) and HIV disease (n = 65). Most caregivers reported healthy family functioning, and no between-group differences in functioning emerged.