Sleep, physical activity, and pregnancy symptoms: Factors associated with cognitive performance in early pregnancy.

Background: Women often report disruptions in cognitive performance during pregnancy. Though substantiated by objective assessments, findings have been inconsistent and potential contributing factors are not well understood.

Aim: The objective of this study was to examine the cross-sectional associations between maternal mood, stress, pregnancy-related symptoms and device measured 24-hour activity behaviors with cognitive performance in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Whole genome sequence-based association analysis of African American individuals with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

In studies of individuals of primarily European genetic ancestry, common and low- frequency variants and rare coding variants have been found to be associated with the risk of bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ). However, less is known for individuals of other genetic ancestries or the role of rare non-coding variants in BD and SZ risk. We performed whole genome sequencing (∼27X) of African American individuals: 1,598 with BD, 3,295 with SZ, and 2,651 unaffected controls (InPSYght study).

Factors associated with new onset of depression and anxiety symptoms differ by sex in the COPDGene study.

Objective: Examine clinical and demographic variables associated with new onset depression and anxiety symptoms and assess moderation by sex in COPDGene, a cohort study of current and former smokers at risk for or with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: In the COPDGene study, 2653 adults had the hospital anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D) scales available at phase 2 and 3, as well as clinical and demographic variables available at 2 and non-elevated HADS at phase 2. We defined new onset depression symptoms as HADS-D elevated at phase 3 (HADS-D ≥ 8) versus no new onset as HADS-D not elevated at either phase (HADS-D < 8).

Frailty associates with respiratory exacerbations and mortality in the COPDGene cohort.

Frailty is associated with respiratory exacerbations and mortality in individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Among those with a smoking history and normal spirometry, frailty's association with respiratory outcomes is less defined. COPDGene is a cohort study of individuals aged 45-80 with a minimum 10 pack-year smoking history.

Factors Associated With Auditory Lifestyle of Adult Cochlear Implant Users.

Purpose: Auditory lifestyle, which refers to the variety, range, and types of auditory environments individuals encounter in their daily lives, can affect individuals' daily communication functions and moderate the outcomes of hearing interventions. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with adult cochlear implant (CI) users' auditory lifestyle.

Method: This observational study included 209 adult CI users.

Multiple chronic conditions and polypharmacy in cognitively unimpaired older adults are associated with subsequent cognitive decline: results from the national alzheimer's coordinating center data.

Prior cross-sectional studies revealed that multiple chronic conditions (MCC) and polypharmacy are associated with cognitive impairment. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the number of chronic conditions and the number of medications are associated with longitudinal changes in cognition (memory, attention/working memory, semantic ability/language, processing speed, executive function). We analyzed data from 5671 individuals (age 71.

Subjective Cognitive Decline in COPD - A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), an early indicator of cognitive impairment, may affect COPD care and outcomes, yet its sociodemographic associations in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) remain poorly understood.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of SCD among people with COPD across different age groups and identify associations between demographics, risk behaviors, comorbidities, and self-reported SCD.

Design: Pooled 2019 BRFSS data from 24 states using the Cognitive Decline module were analyzed.

Whole genome sequence-based association analysis of African American individuals with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

In studies of individuals of primarily European genetic ancestry, common and low-frequency variants and rare coding variants have been found to be associated with the risk of bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ). However, less is known for individuals of other genetic ancestries or the role of rare non-coding variants in BD and SZ risk. We performed whole genome sequencing of African American individuals: 1,598 with BD, 3,295 with SZ, and 2,651 unaffected controls (InPSYght study).

Curcumin Supplementation and Vascular and Cognitive Function in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment. Curcumin is a polyphenol that improves vascular and cognitive function in older adults; however, its effects on vascular and cognitive function in patients with CKD are unknown. We hypothesized that curcumin supplementation would improve vascular and cognitive function in patients with CKD.

Examining the Effect of Genes on Depression as Mediated by Smoking and Modified by Sex.

Depression is heritable, differs by sex, and has environmental risk factors such as cigarette smoking. However, the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on depression through cigarette smoking and the role of sex is unclear. In order to examine the association of SNPs with depression and smoking in the UK Biobank with replication in the COPDGene study, we used counterfactual-based mediation analysis to test the indirect or mediated effect of SNPs on broad depression through the log of pack-years of cigarette smoking, adjusting for age, sex, current smoking status, and genetic ancestry (via principal components).

Association Between Improved Serum Fatty Acid Profiles and Cognitive Function During a Dietary Intervention Trial in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a common multiple sclerosis (MS)-related symptom that impacts quality of life (QOL). Diet interventions are shown to be beneficial in managing QOL, and the intake of essential fatty acids is linked with improved cognitive function. However, the effect of diets on serum fatty acid profiles and cognitive function is unknown.

Effects of a Remote Multimodal Intervention Involving Diet, Walking Program, and Breathing Exercise on Quality of Life Among Newly Diagnosed People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Quasi-Experimental Non-Inferiority Pilot Study.

Background: Interventions involving diet, physical activity, and breathing exercises are shown to be beneficial in managing both fatigue and quality of life (QoL) related to MS; however, the impact of such interventions among people newly diagnosed with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) who decline disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) is unknown.

Methods: A 12-month prospective quasi-experimental non-inferiority trial recruited people newly diagnosed with CIS or RRMS who voluntarily declined DMTs (health behavior group; HB, n = 29) or followed standard of care (SOC, n = 15). Participants in the HB group were remotely coached on the study diet, moderate-intensity walking, and breathing exercises.

Circadian timing, melatonin and hippocampal volume in later-life adults.

Hippocampal atrophy is a prominent neurodegenerative feature of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Alterations in circadian rhythms can exacerbate cognitive aging and neurodegeneration. This study aimed to examine how dim light melatonin onset and melatonin levels are associated with hippocampal volume in cognitively healthy individuals.

Diet-induced changes in functional disability are mediated by fatigue in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A secondary analysis of the WAVES randomized parallel-arm trial.

Background: People with multiple sclerosis (MS) often report dietary modifications; however, evidence on functional outcomes remains sparse.

Objective: Evaluate the impact of the low-saturated fat (Swank) and modified Paleolithic elimination (Wahls) diets on functional disability among people with relapsing-remitting MS.

Methods: Baseline-referenced MS functional composite (MSFC) scores were calculated from nine-hole peg-test (NHPT), timed 25-foot walk, and oral symbol digit modalities test (SDMT-O) collected at four study visits: (a) run-in, (b) baseline, (c) 12 weeks, and (d) 24 weeks.

Association of serum homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B and mood following the Swank and Wahls elimination dietary interventions in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Secondary analysis of the WAVES trial.

Background: Depression and anxiety are common psychiatric comorbidities among people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Emerging data suggest abnormal serum homocysteine, vitamin B, and folate levels in people with MS, which are related to a range of neurological disorders, including mood and mental illnesses. Evidence suggests that dietary interventions could affect mood disorders via several pathways.

Cognitive function and inhaler technique following recovery from exacerbations of COPD.

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