Advancements in Chitosan-Based Scaffolds for Chondrogenic Differentiation and Knee Cartilage Regeneration: Current Trends and Future Perspectives.

Cartilage damage, particularly in the knee joint, presents a significant challenge in regenerative medicine due to its limited capacity for self-repair. Conventional treatments like microfracture surgery, autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), and osteochondral allografts often fall short, particularly in cases of larger defects or degenerative conditions. This has led to a growing interest in tissue engineering approaches that utilize biomaterial scaffolds to support cartilage regeneration.

Latency and Amplitude of Cortical Activation in Interactive vs. Passive Tasks: An fNIRS Study Using the NefroBall System.

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) allows non-invasive assessment of cortical activity during naturalistic tasks. This study aimed to compare cortical activation dynamics-specifically the latency (t) and amplitude (ΔoxyHb) of oxygenated haemoglobin changes-in passive observation and an interactive task using the Nefroball system. A total of 117 healthy adults performed two tasks involving rhythmic hand movements: a passive protocol and an interactive game-controlled condition.

Nanomedicine-Enhanced Radiotherapy for Glioblastoma: Advances in Targeted Therapy and Adaptive Treatment Strategies.

Glioblastoma multiforme remains one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant brain tumors that necessitate innovative therapeutic approaches. Nanomedicine has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance radiation therapy by improving drug delivery, radiosensitization, and real-time treatment monitoring. Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles can overcome limitations of the blood-brain barrier, modulate tumor microenvironment, and facilitate targeted therapeutic interventions.

Normal Tissue Injury Induced by Photon and Proton Therapies: Gaps and Opportunities.

Despite technological advances in radiation therapy (RT) and cancer treatment, patients still experience adverse effects. Proton therapy (PT) has emerged as a valuable RT modality that can improve treatment outcomes. Normal tissue injury is an important determinant of the outcome; therefore, for this review, we analyzed 2 databases: (1) clinical trials registered with ClinicalTrials.

Gold Nanopeanuts as Prospective Support for Cisplatin in Glioblastoma Nano-Chemo-Radiotherapy.

Herein, we propose newly designed and synthesized gold nanopeanuts (Au NPes) as supports for cisplatin (cPt) immobilization, dedicated to combined glioblastoma nano-chemo-radiotherapy. Au NPes offer a large active surface, which can be used for drugs immobilization. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the size of the synthesized Au NPes along the longitudinal axis is ~60 nm, while along the transverse axis ~20 nm.

Effects of culturing technique on human peripheral blood lymphocytes response to proton and X-ray radiation.

The main aim of this study was to comparatively investigate the effects of culturing methods on the response of human peripheral blood lymphocytes to irradiation exposure. Whole blood and isolated lymphocytes were ex vivo exposed to two radiation sources (60 MeV proton or 250 kV X-ray radiation) with different doses (0.3, 0.

Assessment of the nuclear medicine personnel occupational exposure to radioiodine.

Purpose: To physically and cytogenetically screen medical personnel of Department of Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland (DENM) who are occupationally exposed to I.

Materials And Methods: The exposure was monitored by whole-body and finger ring dosimeters. The thyroid iodine intake was measured by a whole-body spectrometer equipped with two semiconductor gamma radiation detectors.

Response of human lymphocytes to proton radiation of 60 MeV compared to 250 kV X-rays by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay.

Particle radiotherapy such as protons provides a new promising treatment modality to cancer. However, studies on its efficacy and risks are relatively sparse. Using the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay, we characterized response of human peripheral blood lymphocytes, obtained from health donors irradiated in vitro in the dose range: 0-4.