The Effects of Notetaking Modality and Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on Learning.

College students with attention/deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit difficulty in lecture notetaking, which may exacerbate persistent academic difficulties. Higher ADHD symptoms are related to slower handwriting speed (HWS), potentially disrupting learning during the notetaking process. This study investigated whether typing notes could compensate for slower HWS and facilitate more learning than handwritten notes in individuals with higher ADHD symptoms.

Assessing SARS-CoV-2 Rare Mutations and Transmission in New York City by NGS.

SARS-CoV-2 undergoes frequent mutations that drive viral evolution and genomic diversity, influencing transmissibility, immune escape, and disease severity. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing on SARS-CoV-2 isolates from patients in New York City and identified several globally rare mutations across multiple viral lineages. The isolates analyzed for rare mutations belonged to three lineages: B.

Operative experience in paediatric orthopaedics in UK trainees achieving a Certificate of Completion of Training in trauma and orthopaedic surgery: A descriptive analysis of national eLogbook data.

Introduction: The Trauma and Orthopaedic curriculum set by the Joint Committee on Surgical Training (JCST) requires that consultant orthopaedic surgeons must have sufficient experience managing children's orthopaedic conditions. In this study, our objective was to describe the paediatric operative exposure of United Kingdom (UK)-trained orthopaedic registrars who obtain a Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT).

Methods: This was a national retrospective cohort study of UK trainees obtaining a CCT between 1 January 2018 and 1 January 2024.

Sorry, Am I Intruding? Comparing Performance and Intrusion Rates for Pretested and Posttested Information.

Pretesting and posttesting have long been implemented in classrooms as methods of testing and improving learning. Prior research has been mixed on the relative benefits of pretesting versus posttesting, with some studies finding pretesting to be more beneficial, and others finding posttesting to be more beneficial. True/False testing is a particularly easy-to-implement method and is regularly used in classrooms.

Malat1 regulates female Th2 cell cytokine expression through controlling early differentiation and response to IL-2.

Identifying cell intrinsic regulators of immune sexual dimorphism is critical for treatment of several immunopathologies. We show that Malat1 is required for appropriate cytokine expression in female but not male T helper 2 (Th2) cells. Malat1 deficiency impairs in vitro Th2 differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells from female mice, characterized by transcriptome-wide effects and suppression of cytokine expression, particularly interleukin (IL)-10.