Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of patients with post-stroke spasticity in Thailand: cost-utility and budget impact analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate the cost-utility of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) for treating upper limb (UL) and lower limb (LL) post-stroke spasticity.

Design: Using a Markov model, adopting a societal perspective and a lifetime horizon with a 3% annual discount rate, the cost-utility analysis was conducted to compare BoNT-A combined with standard of care (SoC) with SoC alone. Costs, utilities, transitional probabilities and treatment efficacy were derived from 5-year retrospective data from tertiary hospitals and meta-analysis.

A cost-utility analysis of adding SGLT2 inhibitors for the management of type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease in Thailand.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients is associated with end-stage renal disease and significant economic burden. While sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) show renal benefits in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), their cost-effectiveness in Thailand remains unclear. This study evaluates the cost-utility of adding SGLT2i (dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, and canagliflozin) to standard of care therapy (SoCT) for T2D patients with CKD in Thailand.

Onasemnogene Abeparvovec Gene Therapy and Risdiplam for the Treatment of Spinal Muscular Atrophy in Thailand: A Cost-Utility Analysis.

Objectives: Caring for individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a rare genetic disorder, poses tremendous challenges for the economy and healthcare system. This study evaluated the cost-utility of onasemnogene abeparvovec-xioi gene therapy and risdiplam for SMA in Thailand.

Methods: A Markov model was used to analyze the lifetime costs and outcomes of these treatments compared with standard of care for symptomatic SMA types 1 and 2-3.

Cost-Utility and Budget Impact Analysis of Adding SGLT-2 Inhibitors to Standard Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Heart Failure: Utilizing National Database Insights from Thailand.

Background: Heart failure (HF) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients poses a significant clinical and financial burden. While sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have shown cardiovascular benefits in trials, they are not included in Thailand's National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM), and their value-for-money remains unassessed.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the cost-utility of adding SGLT2i to the standard treatment for T2D-HF patients in Thailand.

Cost-utility analysis of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) and biosimilar DMARDs (bsDMARDs) combined with methotrexate for Thai rheumatoid arthritis patients with high disease activity.

Background: New biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) and biosimilar DMARDs (bsDMARDs) all showed greater clinical benefits in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with high disease activity, but imposed higher costs than standard treatment. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of 11 alternative treatment strategies for RA patients with high disease activity whose treatment with three conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARDs) failed.

Methods: A Markov model was constructed using a societal perspective to estimate relevant costs and health outcomes in terms of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for a lifetime horizon (100 years), given a 3% annual discount.

Binding and neutralizing antibody levels and vaccine efficacy/effectiveness compared between heterologous and homologous primary series COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The data on the immunogenicity and efficacy of heterologous primary series COVID-19 vaccination are still limited.

Objective: To investigate the immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy/effectiveness compared between heterologous and homologous primary series COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods: We conducted a multi-source search for randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort, and case-control studies that investigated the immunogenicity or vaccine efficacy/effectiveness (VE) of heterologous primary series vaccination.

Assessing the cost-effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in a low incidence and low mortality setting: the case of Thailand at start of the pandemic.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines, preferred COVID-19 vaccine profiles, and the preferred vaccination strategies in Thailand.

Methods: An age-structured transmission dynamic model was developed based on key local data to evaluate economic consequences, including cost and health outcome in terms of life-years (LYs) saved. We considered COVID-19 vaccines with different profiles and different vaccination strategies such as vaccinating elderly age groups (over 65s) or high-incidence groups, i.

A Data-Driven Analysis of the Economic Cost of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions: A Cross-Country Comparison of Kenya, Singapore, and Thailand.

To estimate the economic impact of border closure and social distancing by estimating the decline of gross domestic product (GDP) in Kenya, Singapore and Thailand. We analysed secondary data retrospectively. To calculate impact of NPIs on GDP, the relationship between GDP and stock market index was examined using ordinary least squares (OLS).

Avoiding Trouble Ahead: Lessons Learned and Suggestions for Economic Evaluations of COVID-19 Vaccines.

With vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) being introduced in countries across the world, policy makers are facing many practical considerations about how best to implement a vaccination programme. The supply of vaccines is insufficient for the global population, so decisions must be made as to which groups are prioritised for any vaccination and when. Furthermore, the aims of vaccination programmes will differ between countries, with some prioritising economic benefits that could stem from the relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions and others seeking simply to reduce the number of COVID-19 cases or deaths.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of HLA-B*58: 01 genetic testing before initiation of allopurinol therapy to prevent allopurinol-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in a Malaysian population.

Objective: Studies found a strong association between allopurinol-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and the HLA-B*58:01 allele. HLA-B*58:01 screening-guided therapy may mitigate the risk of allopurinol-induced SJS/TEN. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of HLA-B*58:01 screening before allopurinol therapy initiation compared with the current practice of no screening for Malaysian patients with chronic gout in whom a hypouricemic agent is indicated.