Early Oral Refeeding in Patients with Post-endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background/aims: To assess the safety and efficacy of early oral refeeding (ERF) versus delayed refeeding (DRF) in patients with mild post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP).

Methods: Eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the ERF or DRF group. Eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the ERF or DRF group.

A New Staining Method Using Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase 1 Antibody for Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology of Pancreatic Cancer.

: Accurate determination of malignancy in pancreatic masses through endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is crucial for appropriate clinical management and prognostic assessment. However, the diagnostic sensitivity of conventional cytology using Papanicolaou (Pap) staining remains limited, often leading to inconclusive results. In this study, we investigated the diagnostic utility of methionyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (MARS1) through immunohistochemical (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining as a potential biomarker for pancreatic cancer.

Disulfiram/Copper Complex Induces Cytotoxicity in Pancreatic Cancer Cells and 5-Fluorouracil-Resistant Cells through Nuclear Factor E2-Related Factor-2 Suppression and Reactive Oxygen Species Modulation.

Background/aims: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a challenging cancer to treat and has a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. In this study, the anticancer effects of disulfiram combined with copper (DSF/Cu) on PDAC cells, including those resistant to 5-fluorouracil, was assessed.

Methods: Human pancreatic cancer cells (BxPC-3 and CFPAC-1) and their 5-fluorouracil-resistant (5FUR) counterparts were treated with DSF/Cu to assess cytotoxicity.

Membrane Fusion-Inspired Nanomaterials: Emerging Strategies for Infectious Disease and Cancer Diagnostics.

Membrane fusion, a foundational process in biological systems, has inspired the development of nanomaterials with transformative potential in biomedical applications, particularly in the diagnosis of infectious diseases and cancer. By emulating nature's intricate fusion mechanisms, these biomimetic nanomaterials offer unparalleled sensitivity, specificity, and versatility for detecting disease-related biomarkers. Recent advancements have focused on engineering lipid nanoparticles that mimic viruses or exosomes, incorporating functionalization and signal amplification systems to enable targeted biomarker recognition and precise molecular interactions.

Enhancing biliary tract cancer diagnosis using AI-driven 3D optical diffraction tomography.

Biliary tract cancer is associated with distinct metabolic alterations, particularly in lipid metabolism. This study aimed to classify biliary tract cancer cells automatically based on lipid droplet (LD) characteristics using three-dimensional (3D) optical diffraction tomography (ODT) combined with convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Human biliary tract cancer cell lines (SNU1196, SNU308, and SNU478) and a normal cholangiocyte cell line (H69) were cultured to evaluate the LD volume, mass, and count.

[Ga]-DOTATOC PET/CT Volumetric Parameters Reflect Metastatic Potential in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

[Ga]-DOTATOC PET/CT is a valuable technique for identifying neuroendocrine tumors overexpressing somatostatin receptors; however, its diagnostic and prognostic utility for WHO low-grade pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate [Ga]-DOTATOC uptake in well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and determine its predictive capability for metastasis. Patients with pathologically diagnosed well-differentiated, non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors who underwent [Ga]-DOTATOC PET/CT between 2015 and 2021 were included.

Early response evaluation using CT and CA 19-9 in patients with pancreatic cancer of all stages undergoing first-line FOLFIRINOX treatment.

Objectives: To propose an effective integration method for CT and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 responses applicable to patients with all stages of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treated with first-line FOLFIRINOX.

Methods: We retrospectively identified patients with PDAC who underwent first-line FOLFIRINOX treatment at a single tertiary hospital between 2017 and 2020. Those with baseline and 8-week follow-up CT scans were included in the CT response dataset.

The crucial role of CEMIP in cancer metastasis: Mechanistic insights and clinical implications.

Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, making early detection and the prevention of metastatic progression critical research priorities. Recent studies have expanded our understanding of CEMIP (KIAA1199, HYBID), revealing its involvement in cancer metastasis and its potential role in slowing cancer progression. CEMIP plays critical roles in several stages of cancer metastasis: First, CEMIP promotes cancer cell proliferation to maintain cell heterogeneity before the metastasis process.

Association between severity of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and computed tomography-based morphological severity in patients with chronic pancreatitis.

The association between pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) and morphologic findings in chronic pancreatitis has not yet been fully studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between PEI severity and computed tomography (CT)-based morphological severity in patients with chronic pancreatitis. This nationwide survey included 180 Korean participants with chronic pancreatitis aged 18 years or older between January 2018 and December 2021.

Long-Term Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Therapy Versus Upfront Surgery for Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the long-term effects of neoadjuvant therapy and upfront surgery on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 202 patients, including 167 who had upfront surgery and 35 who received neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery. Surgical outcomes and survival rates were compared using propensity score matching to minimize selection bias.

Survival predictors in patients with pancreatic cancer on liposomal irinotecan plus fluorouracil/leucovorin: a multicenter observational study.

Background: Approximately half of the patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) receive subsequent lines of chemotherapy. Recently, the liposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) plus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5-FU/LV) regimen is recommended as subsequent lines of chemotherapy. However, little is known about the predictive factors for the nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV regimen, especially in patients with previous irinotecan (IRI) exposure.

PUM1-TRAF3 fusion protein activates non-canonical NF-κB signaling via rescued NIK in biliary tract cancer.

Discovery and verification of diagnostic or therapeutic biomarkers for biliary tract cancer (BTC) is challenging owing to the low prevalence of the disease. Here, we identified and investigated the clinical impact of a fusion gene, Pumilio1-tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (PUM1-TRAF3), caused by 1;14 chromosomal translocation in BTC. PUM1-TRAF3 was initially identified in the RNA-sequencing of five BTC surgical tissues and confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Transgelin-2, a novel cancer stem cell-related biomarker, is a diagnostic and therapeutic target for biliary tract cancer.

Background: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a relatively rare but aggressive gastrointestinal cancer with a high mortality rate. Cancer stem cell (CSC) populations play crucial roles in tumor biology and are responsible for the low response to anti-cancer treatment and the high recurrence rate. This study investigated the role of Transgelin-2 (TAGLN2), overexpressed in CSC in BTC cells, and analyzed its expression in patient tissues and serum to identify potential new targets for BTC.

Uncovering the clinicopathological features of early recurrence after surgical resection of pancreatic cancer.

To identify risk factors and biomarker for early recurrence in patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer who undergo curative resection. Early recurrence after curative resection of pancreatic cancer is an obstacle to long-term survival. We retrospectively reviewed 162 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer who underwent curative resection.

Comparison of Physician-Controlled Maneuver and Assistant-Controlled Maneuver during Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography.

Purpose: Cannulation of the major papilla is the most challenging part of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for which physician-controlled wire-guided cannulation (PCWGC) and assistant-controlled wire-guided cannulation (ACWGC) are used as the cannulation techniques. PCWGC can reportedly save up to about 30% of the labor cost by reducing the number of assistants. This study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of PCWGC and ACWGC.

Efficacy of GV1001 with gemcitabine/capecitabine in previously untreated patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma having high serum eotaxin levels (KG4/2015): an open-label, randomised, Phase 3 trial.

Background: The TeloVac study indicated GV1001 did not improve the survival of advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the cytokine examinations suggested that high serum eotaxin levels may predict responses to GV1001. This Phase III trial assessed the efficacy of GV1001 with gemcitabine/capecitabine for eotaxin-high patients with untreated advanced PDAC.

Phenotypic characteristics of circulating tumor cells and predictive impact for efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer: a prospective study.

Objective: Early chemoresistance and tumor mass progression are associated with poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been studied as potential predictors of treatment response and prognosis in PDAC; however, this approach has yet to be applied in clinical practice. The aim of our study was to investigate the phenotypic characteristics of CTCs and determine their predictive value for PDAC progression.

Randomized Trial of Prophylactic Antibiotics for Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Patients With Biliary Obstruction.

Introduction: The incidence of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) infections is reported to be up to 18% in patients with biliary obstruction. Antibiotic prophylaxis may reduce the risk of infectious complications after ERCP; however, the clinical value of prophylactic antibiotics in ERCP remains controversial.

Methods: We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to investigate whether the use of prophylactic antibiotics would reduce infectious complications after ERCP in patients with biliary obstruction.

Impact of cholecystectomy on acute coronary syndrome according to metabolic condition: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Gallbladder stones (GS) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between cholecystectomy for GS and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unknown. We investigated the ACS risk in patients with GS and its association with cholecystectomy.

Copula graphic estimation of the survival function with dependent censoring and its application to analysis of pancreatic cancer clinical trial.

In this article, we consider a survival function estimation method that may be suitable for analyses of clinical trials of cancer treatments whose prognosis is known to be poor such as pancreatic cancer treatment. Typically, these kinds of trials are not double-blind, and patients in the control group may drop out in more significant numbers than in the treatment group if their disease progresses (DP). If disease progression is associated with a higher risk of death, then censoring becomes dependent.