Establishment and characterization of two novel patient-derived cell lines from giant cell tumor of bone: NCC-GCTB11-C1 and NCC-GCTB12-C1.

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is locally aggressive and rarely metastasizing mesenchymal tumor, molecularly characterized by the presence of H3-3A mutation. The management of GCTB is problematic because of local recurrence after curative surgical treatment, and complex biological and molecular backgrounds of etiology and disease progression. Development of multidisciplinary therapy has been required in GCTB, and targeting treatments against nuclear factor kappa-B ligand and epidermal growth factor receptor to neoplastic stromal cells were applied to the clinical practice.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-EMC1-C1: a novel patient-derived cell line of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma.

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma characterized by a myxoid matrix and a distinctive lobulated architecture, composed of cords and clusters of uniform round-to-rhabdoid cells. At the molecular level, EMC is defined by specific gene fusions involving NR4A3, most frequently EWSR1::NR4A3. The responses to conventional chemotherapy are limited, and the prognosis for patients with advanced or metastatic disease remains poor.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-MLPS4-C1: a novel patient-derived cell line of myxoid liposarcoma.

Myxoid liposarcoma (MLPS) is a malignant tumor composed of uniform, round-to-ovoid cells and small lipoblasts embedded in a myxoid stroma containing branching capillaries. MLPS is characterized by the presence of fusion genes, primarily FUS::DDIT3, with EWSR1::DDIT3 identified in a subset of cases. Although multimodal therapies have improved outcomes for localized MLPS, the prognosis for recurrent or metastatic MLPS cases remains poor, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic strategies.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-PS2-C1: a novel cell line of high-grade pleomorphic spindle cell sarcoma, most consistent with myxofibrosarcoma.

Pleomorphic sarcoma (PS) is a heterogeneous group of malignant mesenchymal tumors that lack specific histological differentiation. PS is characterized by genetic instability and diversity and unique histological features such as pronounced morphologic pleomorphism. PS is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas.

Establishment and characterization of novel cancer cachexia-inducing cell line, Aku60GC, of scirrhous gastric cancer.

Cancer cachexia is a pathological state characterized by severe weight loss, skeletal muscle depletion, and adipose tissue reduction. Cancer cachexia is observed in gastric cancer (GC) with a higher incidence over 80%. Approximately 80% patients with advanced GC including scirrhous gastric cancer (SGC), which has the worst prognosis among all GC, are affected with cachexia.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-OS2-C1: a novel patient-derived cell line of osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone sarcoma with a bimodal age distribution. Complete surgical resection with neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the standard curative treatment, and no effective therapeutic strategy has been established for metastatic cases, resulting in poor prognosis. Osteosarcoma presents complex and heterogeneous clinical and molecular features, and no molecular-targeted drugs are available.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-dCS2-C1: a novel patient-derived cell line of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma.

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (dCS) is a rare, aggressive subtype of chondrosarcoma, characterized by an abrupt transition between a low-grade cartilaginous tumor and high-grade non-cartilaginous sarcoma. Treatment of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma is limited by its high metastatic potential and poor response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Surgical resection remains the primary approach; however, recurrence and distant metastases substantially reduce survival rates.

Gastric biopsy-derived cell line and its utility in assessing tumor cell drug sensitivity.

Gastric cancer (GC) has benefited from treatment improvements such as minimally invasive surgery, molecular-targeted drugs, and immune check point inhibitors. However, the prognosis of advanced GC is still unfavorable. Minimally invasive pre-treatment detection of drug sensitivity (MI-PDDS) has increasing importance in view of improved chemotherapy.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-GCTB10-C1: a novel cell line derived from a patient with recurrent giant cell tumor of bone.

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a rare osteolytic tumor composed of mononuclear stromal cells, macrophages, and osteoclast-like giant cells. While generally benign, GCTB has a high risk of local recurrence and can occasionally undergo malignant transformation or metastasis, posing significant clinical challenges. The primary treatment is complete surgical resection; however, effective management strategies for recurrent or advanced GCTB remain elusive, underscoring the need for further preclinical research.

Establishment and characterization of a novel patient-derived cell line from conventional central grade 3 chondrosarcoma, NCC-CS1-C1.

Chondrosarcoma (CS) is a malignant tumor that produces cartilaginous matrix and is the second most common primary bone sarcoma. CS encompasses a range of histological subtypes, with high-grade conventional central CS being particularly rare, occurring at a rate of 1.81 cases per 1 million person-years.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-GCTB14-C1 and NCC-GCTB15-C1: two novel patient-derived cell lines of giant cell tumor of bone.

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a rare bone tumor that is genetically characterized by a unique mutation in the H3-3A gene. Curative surgical resection is the standard treatment. Unfortunately, a considerable proportion of patients with GCTB have local recurrence and pulmonary metastasis after surgical treatment, and current chemotherapy treatments have shown non-effective.

Pharmacoproteogenomic approach identifies on-target kinase inhibitors for cancer drug repositioning.

Drug repositioning of approved drugs offers advantages over de novo drug development for a rare type of cancer. To efficiently identify on-target drugs from clinically successful kinase inhibitors in cancer drug repositioning, drug screening and molecular profiling of cell lines are essential to exclude off-targets. We developed a pharmacoproteogenomic approach to identify on-target kinase inhibitors, combining molecular profiling of genomic features and kinase activity, and drug screening of patient-derived cell lines.

Establishment and characterization of two novel patient-derived cell lines from myxofibrosarcoma: NCC-MFS7-C1 and NCC-MFS8-C1.

Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS), an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma, presents a significant challenge because of its high recurrence rate, distal metastasis, and complex genetic background. Although surgical resection is the standard treatment for MFS, the outcomes are unsatisfactory and effective non-surgical treatment strategies, including drug therapy, are urgently warranted. MFS is a rare tumor that requires comprehensive preclinical research to develop promising drug therapies; however, only two MFS cell lines are publicly available worldwide.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-SS6-C1: a novel patient-derived cell line of synovial sarcoma.

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is identified as a sarcoma with monomorphic blue spindle cells that display variable epithelial differentiation and is characterized by the SS18::SSX fusion gene. SS accounts for approximately 5-10% of all soft tissue sarcomas, making it a relatively common type within this group of tumors. Since SS is generally sensitive to chemotherapy, the standard treatment for SS includes extensive surgical resection, complemented by neoadjuvant chemotherapy with several approved anticancer drugs.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-ASPS2-C1: a novel patient-derived cell line of alveolar soft part sarcoma.

Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare mesenchymal tumor characterized by rearrangement of the ASPSCR1 and TFE3 genes and a histologically distinctive pseudoalveolar pattern. ASPS progresses slowly, but is prone to late metastasis. As ASPS is refractory to conventional chemotherapy, the only curative treatment is complete surgical resection.

Establishment and characterization of two novel patient-derived cell lines from giant cell tumor of bone: NCC-GCTB8-C1 and NCC-GCTB9-C1.

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a rare osteolytic bone tumor consisting of mononuclear stromal cells, macrophages, and osteoclast-like giant cells. Although GCTB predominantly exhibits benign behavior, the tumor carries a significant risk of high local recurrence. Furthermore, GCTB can occasionally undergo malignant transformation and distal metastasis, making it potentially fatal.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-DFSP5-C1: a novel patient-derived dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans cell line.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is the most prevalent dermal sarcoma, characterized by the presence of the fusion of the collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) gene with the platelet-derived growth factor beta chain (PDGFB) gene. Although PDGF receptor inhibitor imatinib mesylate was approved for the treating patients with unresectable or metastatic DFSP, disease progression was shown in 9.2% of the patients.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-LMS3-C1: a novel patient-derived cell line of leiomyosarcoma.

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an aggressive mesenchymal malignancy, which originates from the smooth muscle cells or from the precursor mesenchymal stem cells that potentially differentiate into smooth muscle cells. LMS is one of the most common sarcomas. LMS has genomic instability, reflecting complex and unbalanced karyotypes, and the cytogenetic and molecular changes in LMS are not consistent.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-DFSP4-C1: a novel cell line from a patient with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans having the fibrosarcomatous transformation.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a superficial low-grade sarcoma, genetically characterized by a fusion gene in collagen type I α (COL1A1) gene and platelet-derived growth factor subunit β (PDGFB). DFSP is locally aggressive and does not typically metastasize. However, DFSP with fibrosarcomatous transformation, which occurs in 7-16% of DFSP cases, demonstrates a poor prognosis than classic DFSP with a higher local recurrence rate and metastatic potential.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-DSM1-C1: a novel cell line derived from a patient with desmoid fibromatosis.

Desmoid fibromatosis (DSM) is a rare, locally aggressive mesenchymal tumor genetically characterized by mutations in the CTNNB1 gene. A local control rate of up to 65‒80% for DSM is achieved with multiple modality treatments, including watchful monitoring, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. However, several variables, such as age < 30 years, extremity tumor location, and tumor size of > 10 cm in diameter, are associated with poor local control rates in patients with DSM.

Establishment and characterization of NCC-PLPS2-C1: a novel cell line of pleomorphic liposarcoma.

Pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLPS) is a highly malignant subtype of liposarcoma. It is histologically characterized by the presence of pleomorphic lipoblasts and can be accompanied by morphological foci that demonstrate differentiation to other histological lineages. PLPS is rare and accounts for only 5% of all liposarcomas.

Hematopoietic progenitor cells specifically induce a unique immune response in dental pulp under conditions of systemic inflammation.

Teeth are exposed to various stimuli, including bacterial, thermal, and physical stimuli. Therefore, immune cells present in the normal dental pulp and the immune response to these stimuli have been studied. However, the relationship between systemic inflammation, such as that induced by viral infection, and changes occurring in dental pulp is not well known.