Phylogenetics of the supertribe Paulliniodae (Sapindaceae) with emphasis on chromosome evolution: taxonomic implications including the new genus Acevedoa.

Background And Aims: The supertribe Paulliniodae includes Athyaneae, Bridgesieae, Thouinieae and Paullinieae tribes. Molecular phylogeny and chromosomal diversity are relatively known, and some doubts persist about chromosome evolution processes and the taxonomic position of a group of Cardiospermum and Urvillea species weakly associated with Serjania.

Methods: We analysed the molecular phylogeny and diversification time of the group, including unpublished DNA sequences of the ITS, trnL intron and trnL-trnF for 26 species.

South American Plant Chromosome Numbers Databases: The Information We Have and the Information We Lack on the Most Plant-Diverse Continent.

Chromosome numbers have been used in plant taxonomy, and they are still fundamental for taxon delimitation and genome evolution studies. South America is one of the most diverse continents in terms of plant species and there is a considerable number of species not yet analyzed. Accumulated knowledge about plant chromosome numbers has been compiled from online databases, and here we present an overview.

Chromosomal Differentiation of (Poaceae) Based on Four Satellite DNA Families.

Diverse families of satellite DNA (satDNA) were detected in heterochromatin regions of . This kind of repetitive DNA consists of tandem repeat sequences forming big arrays in genomes, and can contribute to lineages differentiation. The differentiation between types of satDNA is related to their sequence identity, the size and number of monomers forming the array, and their chromosomal location.

Full-length LTR retroelements in Capsicum annuum revealed a few species-specific family bursts with insertional preferences.

Capsicum annuum is a species that has undergone an expansion of the size of its genome caused mainly by the amplification of repetitive DNA sequences, including mobile genetic elements. Based on information obtained from sequencing the genome of pepper, the estimated fraction of retroelements is approximately 81%, and previous results revealed an important contribution of lineages derived from Gypsy superfamily. However, the dynamics of the retroelements in the C.

Identification and characterization of karyotype in Passiflora hybrids using FISH and GISH.

Background: A great interest exists in the production of hybrid plants of the genus Passiflora given the beauty and exotic features of its flowers which have ornamental value. Hybrid paternity confirmation is therefore important for assuring germplasm origin, and is typically carried out by molecular marker segregation. The aim of this study was to karyotypically characterize the chromosome heritance patterns of the progeny resultant from a cross of P.

Molecular and cytogenetic characterization of an AT-rich satellite DNA family in Urvillea chacoensis Hunz. (Paullinieae, Sapindaceae).

Urvillea chacoensis is a climber with 2n = 22 and some terminal AT-rich heterochromatin blocks that differentiate it from other species of the genus. The AT-rich highly repeated satellite DNA was isolated from U. chacoensis by the digestion of total nuclear DNA with HindIII and XbaI and cloned in Escherichia coli.