Risk factors for open conversion of lateral transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy: retrospective cohort study of the Spanish Adrenal Surgery Group (SASG).

Background: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy has become the standard of care for treating adrenal tumors. Conversion from laparoscopic adrenalectomy to an open approach during surgery may be necessary in some cases. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for open conversion of laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

The human gallbladder microbiome is related to the physiological state and the biliary metabolic profile.

Background: The microbial populations of the human intestinal tract and their relationship to specific diseases have been extensively studied during the last decade. However, the characterization of the human bile microbiota as a whole has been hampered by difficulties in accessing biological samples and the lack of adequate methodologies to assess molecular studies. Although a few reports have described the biliary microbiota in some hepatobiliary diseases, the bile microbiota of healthy individuals has not been described.

Diet: Cause or Consequence of the Microbial Profile of Cholelithiasis Disease?

Recent dietary habits and lifestyle could explain the shaping of the gut microbiota composition and, in consequence, the increasing prevalence of certain pathologies. However, little attention has been paid to the influence of diet on microbiotas, other than the gut microbiota. This is important in cholelithiasis, given that changes in the production of bile acids may affect gallbladder microbial communities.

NPPB and ACAN, two novel SHOX2 transcription targets implicated in skeletal development.

SHOX and SHOX2 transcription factors are highly homologous, with even identical homeodomains. Genetic alterations in SHOX result in two skeletal dysplasias; Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis (LWD) and Langer mesomelic dysplasia (LMD), while no human genetic disease has been linked to date with SHOX2. SHOX2 is, though, involved in skeletal development, as shown by different knockout mice models.

Identification of a Gypsy SHOX mutation (p.A170P) in Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis and Langer mesomelic dysplasia.

We report the clinical and molecular characteristics of 12 Spanish families with multiple members affected with Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis (LWD) or Langer mesomelic dysplasia (LMD), who present the SHOX (short stature homeobox gene) mutation p.A170P (c.508G>C) in heterozygosity or homozygosity, respectively.

Kaposi's sarcoma: an opportunistic infection by human herpesvirus-8 in ulcerative colitis.

Kaposi's sarcoma is a vascular tumor caused by human herpesvirus-8 infection. Iatrogenic Kaposi's sarcoma often occurs in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. To date, a few cases of colonic Kaposi's sarcoma have been reported in ulcerative colitis patients treated with immunomodulators.

Constitutional mosaic genome-wide uniparental disomy due to diploidisation: an unusual cancer-predisposing mechanism.

Molecular studies in a patient with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome phenotype who developed two different tumours revealed an unexpected observation of almost complete loss of heterozygosity of all chromosomes. It is shown, by means of numerous molecular methods, that the absence of maternal contribution in somatic cells is due to high-degree (∼ 85%) genome-wide paternal uniparental disomy (UPD). The observations indicate that the genome-wide UPD results from diploidisation, and have important implications for genetic counselling and tumour surveillance for the growing number of UPD associated imprinting disorders.

Cystic dysplasia of the epididymis: a disorder of mesonephric differentiation associated with renal maldevelopment.

The occurrence of congenital epididymal malformations with a cystic component has not been fully characterized. Most epididymal cysts occur later in life and are likely acquired. In addition, congenital malformations of the male excretory system are extremely uncommon in fetuses and neonates, and epididymal dysplastic changes have not been reported in these cases.

[The Hartmann procedure: current situation in Spain].

Introduction: The therapeutic alternatives in emergency surgery of the colon are a constant subject of debate and the Hartmann procedure is one of the most controversial techniques. The aim of the present study was to analyze when, why and in whom this procedure is performed, as well as its results.

Patients And Method: We performed a descriptive analysis of 105 emergency Hartmann procedures.

[Randomized, prospective and comparative clinical trial of piperacillin/tazobactam versus ceftriaxone plus ornidazole in the treatment of biliary tract infections].

Background And Objective: The treatment of biliary tract infections requires antibiotics and an appropriate surgical procedure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of piperacillin/tazobactam versus ceftriaxone plus ornidazole in the treatment of biliary tract infections.

Patients And Method: This was a randomized, prospective and comparative clinical trial of two antibiotic regimens in the treatment of biliary tract infection.

[Continuous hemofiltration in patients with abdominal complications of hemolytic uremic syndrome].

Background: Close to one half of patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) will require a dialytic therapy, mainly peritoneal dialysis (PD). In some cases, PD may have relative or absolute contraindications, usually when HUS is associated to severe intraabdominal complications.

Aim: To report the results of continuous hemofiltration use, in children with abdominal complications of HUS.