US of the Neck beyond the Thyroid Gland: Parathyroid Glands.

Parathyroid imaging in hyperparathyroidism management is not solely to support the diagnosis but also to precisely localize abnormal parathyroid tissue, thus enabling minimally invasive parathyroidectomy. US offers a noninvasive and cost-effective method for identifying and characterizing parathyroid lesions. Common causes include solitary parathyroid adenoma, multiple adenomas, and parathyroid hyperplasia.

Promoting the health of migrant seasonal agricultural workers in rural Minnesota using a whole-person health approach: a pilot project.

Introduction: Promoting the health of the migrant and seasonal agricultural worker (MSAW) community is a unique challenge due to the particular social and economic barriers this community faces. Whole-person health assessments can aid in better understanding the specific needs of a community by accounting for social determinants of health (SDOH) and recognizing and leveraging a community's strengths to assist in improving community health. To better optimize services provided at outreach health fairs for the MSAW community, the University of Minnesota performed comprehensive whole-health assessments using the mobile health (mHealth) application MyStrengths+MyHealth (MSMH).

Health and safety training for immigrant dairy workers in the Upper Midwest.

This project implemented Seguridad en las Lecherías, an award-winning, bilingual (Spanish and English), 5-module curriculum approved by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. The intervention aimed to increase safety knowledge among immigrant dairy workers, encourage a safety culture, and identify challenges faced by the dairy farming community in Minnesota and South Dakota. A total of 360 Hispanic immigrant workers from 19 participating dairies were trained.

The Impact of a Handheld Ultrasound Device in a Rheumatic Heart Disease Screening Program in Ethiopia.

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) affects 33 million people in low and middle income countries and is the leading cause of cardiovascular death among children and young adults. Penicillin prophylaxis prevents progression in asymptomatic disease. Efforts to expand echocardiographic screening are focusing on simplified protocols, non-physician ultrasonographers, and portable ultrasound devices, including handheld ultrasound.

Mobile Distribution of COVID-19 Vaccines to Migrant Farmworkers in Minnesota.

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted migrant farmworkers (MFWs). MFWs have experienced higher rates of infection and death than any other occupational group in the United States due to workplace exposure risks, overcrowded housing, and limited access to personal protective equipment. Barriers to accessing COVID-19 vaccines have also contributed to these disparities, especially in rural areas where the pandemic's impact has been devastating.

Evaluation of remote radiologist-interpreted point-of-care ultrasound for suspected dengue patients in a primary health care facility in Colombia.

Background: Early identification of plasma leakage may guide treatment decisions in dengue patients. This study evaluated the value of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to detect plasma leakage and predict hospitalization or referral to a higher level of care in suspected dengue patients under routine conditions at a primary care facility in Colombia.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study between April 2019 and March 2020 in a primary care hospital in Cali, Colombia.

Sabbaticals in US Medical Schools.

Background: Sabbaticals are an important feature of academia for faculty and their institutions. Whereas sabbaticals are common in institutions of higher learning, little is known about their role and utilization in US medical schools. This perspective piece examining sabbaticals in medical school faculty was undertaken at a time that well-being of health professionals was increasingly being recognized as a workforce health priority.

Healthcare worker perspectives on COVID-19 vaccines: Implications for increasing vaccine acceptance among healthcare workers and patients.

Objective: To understand COVID-19 vaccine perspectives among healthcare workers serving diverse communities.

Methods: A dual English/Spanish survey was distributed to healthcare workers in the United States from 3/12/2021-4/22/2021 by the Migrant Clinicians Network, Society of Refugee Healthcare Providers, a Federally Qualified Healthcare Center, and social media advertisement to general primary care workers.

Results: 517 responses were at least 50% complete and included in the analysis.

Global Is Local: Interprofessional Experiential Learning for Migrant Farmworker Health Equity.

Medical educators recognize the importance of addressing social determinants of health and providing opportunities for learners to work with diverse populations. Still, social, geographic, resource, and language barriers prevent institutions from connecting with globally diverse populations within their own communities. In this article, we describe the migrant farmworker health course at the University of Minnesota, the importance of longitudinal partnership with community-based organizations, and ways to increase access to care and educate health professional learners in health equity.

Responding to COVID-19 Through Interhospital Resource Coordination: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic stressed hospital operations, requiring rapid innovations to address rise in demand and specialized COVID-19 services while maintaining access to hospital-based care and facilitating expertise. We aimed to describe a novel hospital system approach to managing the COVID-19 pandemic, including multihospital coordination capability and transfer of COVID-19 patients to a single, dedicated hospital.

Methods: We included patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction admitted to a 12-hospital network including a dedicated COVID-19 hospital.

COVID-19 Awareness and Preparedness of Minnesota and Wisconsin Dairy Farms.

Dairy farms that had participated in previous and ongoing projects with the National Farm Medicine Center (NFMC), Migrant Clinicians Network (MCN), and Upper Midwest Agricultural Safety and Health Center (UMASH) were asked to participate in a 17-question survey by phone or email to investigate biosecurity principles on Minnesota and Wisconsin dairy farms in response to COVID-19 and the effects of the pandemic on the dairy industry. Three additional farms were recruited via a press release published in agricultural newsletters. Of 76 farms contacted, 37 chose to participate in this study from June to July 2020.

Super fragmented: a nationally representative cross-sectional study exploring the fragmentation of inpatient care among super-utilizers.

Background: Super-utilizers with 4 or more admissions per year frequently receive low-quality care and disproportionately contribute to healthcare costs. Inpatient care fragmentation (admission to multiple different hospitals) in this population has not been well described.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of super-utilizers who receive fragmented care across different hospitals and to describe associated risks, costs, and health outcomes.

Ensuring COVID-19 Vaccines for Migrant and Immigrant Farmworkers.

Migrant and immigrant farmworkers are cornerstones to food security and production in many nations. In the United States, farmworkers have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19. Because they are considered essential workers, vaccines may be made imminently available to them and offer an opportunity to reduce these COVID-19-related impacts.

Bovine Tuberculosis: A Re-emerging Zoonotic Infection.

Bovine tuberculosis is caused by , which infects both humans and cattle. In 2018, a dairy farm in Wisconsin was affected by , including a farmworker with exposure to the affected herd. Largely eradicated by effective public health strategies in the United States, most cases are now associated with risk factors including occupational hazards, food consumption, and iatrogenic infections.

A Noninvasive Rhizopus Infection With a Bladder Fungal Ball in a Patient With Poorly Controlled Diabetes Mellitus.

Here we present the first reported case of a noninvasive Rhizopus fungal ball confined to the bladder of a patient with poorly controlled diabetes and right flank pain. The patient developed bilateral hydronephrosis after several hospital admissions for urinary tract infections with multiple failed courses of antibiotics. During cystoscopy to replace a ureteral stent, he was found to harbor a fungal ball in the bladder that was removed and grew Rhizopus in culture.

JOURNAL CLUB: Benefit of Epinephrine Autoinjector for Treatment of Contrast Reactions: Comparison of Errors, Administration Times, and Provider Preferences.

Objective: Given the rarity of contrast reactions in practice, most radiologists have little to no experience in their management, and errors are common. The purpose of this study was to compare treatment of a moderate-severity reaction with intramuscular epinephrine by either the traditional manual method of drawing up and delivering epinephrine with a needle and syringe or the use of an epinephrine autoinjector.

Subjects And Methods: All diagnostic radiologists at the study institution were requested to participate in an annual contrast reaction simulation program, which consisted of three simulation scenarios in a high-fidelity simulation laboratory.

US of the Inguinal Canal: Comprehensive Review of Pathologic Processes with CT and MR Imaging Correlation.

Ultrasonography (US) has a fundamental role in the initial examination of patients who present with symptoms indicating abnormalities of the inguinal canal (IC), an area known for its complex anatomy. A thorough understanding of the embryologic and imaging characteristics of the contents of the IC is essential for any general radiologist. Moreover, an awareness of the various pathologic conditions that can affect IC structures is crucial to preventing misdiagnoses and ensuring optimal patient care.

Carotid stent deformation: sonographic findings and CT correlation.

Carotid artery dissection is a rare but potentially serious complication of endovascular procedures in the carotid arteries. Stent deformation or incomplete expansion may occur following endovascular repair of an iatrogenic carotid artery dissection and may mimic stent fracture. We report an unusual case of deformation of a common carotid artery open cell design stent following endovascular repair of an iatrogenic dissection, which resulted in persistent blood flow between the stent and the wall of the common carotid artery.

Clinical review: Parathyroid localization and implications for clinical management.

Clinical Context: The prevalence of hyperparathyroidism, especially primary hyperparathyroidism, has increased in recent decades due to improvements in diagnostic techniques with a corresponding surge in parathyroid surgery, leading to the development of focused, minimally invasive surgical approaches. Focused parathyroidectomy is predicated on preoperative localization of suspected parathyroid pathology. As a result, there has been a proliferation of parathyroid imaging modalities and protocols, resulting in confusion about their indications and applications.

Advances in transcranial Doppler US: imaging ahead.

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (US) is a noninvasive, portable technique for evaluating the intracranial vasculature. It has found its most useful clinical application in the detection of vasospasm involving the cerebral vessels after subarachnoid hemorrhage due to aneurysm rupture. The technique has become an integral part of monitoring and managing patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage in the neurologic intensive care unit.