Diagnosis and treatment of inguinal midline abdominal wall herniation of the urinary bladder in three domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Inguinal herniation of the urinary bladder through the inguinal rings of domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) has been well-described in veterinary literature due to the inguinal rings remaining open throughout the lifespan of adult males. Midline body wall herniation has also been described in several veterinary species due to a variety of etiologies, including trauma, incisional dehiscence, and congenital anomalies. This phenomenon has not previously been described in rabbits.

Insights into Persian Gulf Beach Sand Mycobiomes: Promises and Challenges in Fungal Diversity.

Beach Sand Mycobiome is currently among the most important health challenges for viticulture in the world. Remarkably, the study of fungal communities in coastal beach sand and recreational waters remains underexplored despite their potential implications for human health. This research aimed to assess the prevalence of fungal species and the antifungal susceptibility profiles of fungi recovered from the beaches of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman.

COMPARISON OF CIRCULATING AND HEPATIC VITAMIN AND MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS IN ELASMOBRANCHS UNDER MANAGED CARE.

Both blood and liver samples can be used to evaluate vitamin, mineral, and heavy metal concentrations clinically. In elasmobranchs, it is unknown whether circulating concentrations of these analytes reflect concentrations in storage organs such as the liver. The purpose of this study was to report hepatic concentrations of select heavy metals and to compare concentrations of select vitamins and minerals in paired blood and liver samples in captive elasmobranchs.

Application of a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for rapid detection of Escherichia coli in drinking water: an EU representative study.

The microbiological quality of water intended for human consumption in the EU is regulated by the recast Drinking Water Directive 2020/2184 (DWD), which sets strict parametric values for intestinal enterococci and Escherichia coli (E. coli), allowing no more than zero colony-forming units per 100 mL. Detection and enumeration of E.

The 4 prokinetic drugs metoclopramide, cisapride, pyridostigmine, and capromorelin do not increase fecal output or food intake in healthy New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Objective: To determine the effects of drugs with potential prokinetic effect through different mechanisms of action (metoclopramide, cisapride, pyridostigmine, and capromorelin) on food consumption, fecal production, water intake, and urine output in rabbits.

Methods: In a randomized, blinded, complete crossover control trial, 10 healthy New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) received 5 treatments over a period of 10 weeks between May and August 2019. Fecal production (weight and number of pellets), food intake, urine production, and water intake were measured before and for 72 hours following administration of a single dose of oral metoclopramide (0.

ORAL MICROBIOME OF BENNETT'S () AND YELLOW-FOOTED () ROCK WALLABIES AND THE IMPACT OF INTRAORAL DISEASE.

Intraoral disease, including macropod progressive periodontal disease, is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for wallabies under human care. Clinical signs associated with intraoral disease vary, and diagnostic findings can be difficult to interpret without intraoral radiographs or advanced imaging; therefore, this disease process can be challenging to detect in its early stages. Previous studies have investigated the effects of intraoral disease on the normal oral microbiome of various domestic species.

Diagnostic Imaging for Assessment of the Endocrine System in Exotic Animals.

Diagnostic imaging can provide essential evidence supporting the diagnosis of endocrine diseases in exotic companion animals. The specific modality chosen depends on species, specific disease process/organ affected, equipment availability, and often, cost to the owner. While radiography is widely available in veterinary practices, the sensitivity for visualization of endocrine organs is low.

Effective Dose of Dexmedetomidine with Nalbuphine Hydrochloride or Butorphanol Tartrate for Sedation in Buff Orpington Hens ().

Chickens () are commonly used for research, food production, show, and companionship. Sedation is often necessary for sample collection, imaging, or treatment. Dexmedetomidine has been previously used to sedate birds, often with other sedatives.

Detection of Mycoplasma sp using next-generation DNA sequencing is common on nasal swabs from both healthy and unhealthy pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Objective: Upper respiratory infections are a frequent problem in pet rabbits and rodents, and Mycoplasma pulmonis is 1 of the most common causes of respiratory infections in pet rats. M pulmonis was detected in 1967 in laboratory rabbits via culture of the nares and oropharynx, but overall, Mycoplasma is not commonly identified in the upper airway of rabbits. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of Mycoplasma sp detection via next-generation DNA sequencing on nasal swabs obtained from healthy and unhealthy rabbits.

Endotoxin, a novel biomarker for the rapid risk assessment of faecal contamination of coastal and transitional waters.

Current methods for testing water for faecal contamination rely on the culture of faecal indicator bacteria (FIB; and ) that take 24-48 h, which leads to delays in taking proactive measures and poses a risk to public health. More rapid methods are therefore required. Here, we have tested a rapid, portable assay (Bacterisk) that detects the bacterial biomarker endotoxin in 30 min to quantify the bacterial biomass present, to evaluate 159 coastal water samples and to compare the results with the traditional culture of FIB.

Saline, chlorhexidine, and povidone-iodine alone or in combination with iodine povacrylex are effective antiseptics in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).

Objective: To evaluate the topical antiseptic activity of saline, chlorhexidine (CHX), and povidone-iodine (PI) scrubs on the skin of chickens with or without the addition of DuraPrep (DP).

Animals: 7 healthy adult Orpington hens (Gallus gallus domesticus).

Methods: The right apterium corporale laterale was swabbed for standard aerobic bacterial culture and colony-forming unit (CFU) determination.

Ankle arthroscopy does not elevate complication rates in ankle fractures.

Introduction: Ankle fractures rank as the second most common lower limb fractures, and surgical intervention is essential for unstable ankle fractures. The use of ankle arthroscopy in such cases offers several advantages. This study aim is to assess whether arthroscopy influenced on complication rates in 171 ankle fractures treated with arthroscopic assistance.

A single injection of high-concentration buprenorphine significantly reduces food and water intake as well as fecal and urine production in New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Objective: To evaluate selected gastrointestinal side effects of high-concentration buprenorphine (HCB) in healthy rabbits.

Animals: 10 healthy New Zealand White rabbits ranging in body weight between 3.0 and 3.

Knowledge and regulation on fungal contamination of sand and water: Progress report and perspectives.

Fungal flora in coastal/inland beach sand and recreational water is a neglected field of study, despite its potential impact on human health. A joint International Society for Human and Animal Mycology/European Confederation for Medical Mycology (ISHAM/ECMM) working group was formed in 2019 with the task to set up a vast international initiative aimed at studying the fungal contamination of beaches and bathing waters. Here we review the importance of the topic, and list the main results and achievements from 12 scientific publications.

Diagnosis and Long-term Treatment of Suspected Congenital Hypothyroidism in a Pigeon ().

An approximately 6-month-old domestic pigeon () was presented for lethargy and an inability to perform its first molt. The pigeon was obese, had anatomical characteristics of a chick, including cere and plumage, and had a ventral coelomic soft tissue mass. Initial blood work was unremarkable.

Determination of Coagulation Parameters by Whole Blood Dynamic Viscoelastic Coagulometry in Strigiformes.

No reference values are available in Strigiformes to evaluate blood coagulation using dynamic viscoelastic coagulometry (DVC) with the Sonoclot (Sienco, Boulder, CO, USA) analyzer. The objectives of this study were 1) to assess the feasibility of DVC in Strigiformes, 2) to calculate the index of individuality of each coagulation parameter, and 3) to assess interspecies variability and establish reference intervals, if relevant, based on the index of individuality. Fresh whole blood samples were obtained from healthy Strigiformes, including 13 barred owls (), 10 great horned owls (), 6 snowy owls (), and 7 eastern screech owls (), and analyzed with DVC with glass bead (gb) and kaolin clay (k) coagulation activators.

Iridial melanocytoma in a ferruginous hawk (Buteo regalis): A case report and review of avian melanocytic neoplasia.

A 21-year-old, suspected female captive ferruginous hawk (Buteo regalis) was followed for 3 years due to an iridial mass of the left eye (OS) that progressively increased in size. Enucleation of OS was eventually recommended due to the iridial mass taking up approximately 75% of the anterior chamber, and the bird seemed less active. A complete physical examination, complete blood cell count, biochemistry, and survey radiographs were performed pre-surgery with no findings indicating metastasis.

Seaweeds and Corals from the Brazilian Coast: Review on Biotechnological Potential and Environmental Aspects.

Brazil has a megadiversity that includes marine species that are distributed along 800 km of shoreline. This biodiversity status holds promising biotechnological potential. Marine organisms are important sources of novel chemical species, with applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, chemical, and nutraceutical fields.

Strategies for Monitoring Microbial Life in Beach Sand for Protection of Public Health.

The 2021 revised guidelines of the World Health Organization recommend monitoring the quality of sand in addition to water at recreational beaches. This review provides background information about the types of beaches, the characteristics of sand, and the microbiological parameters that should be measured. Analytical approaches are described for quantifying fungi and fecal indicator bacteria from beach sand.

Intralipid Emulsion Therapy for the Treatment of Suspected Toxicity in 2 Avian Species.

Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) therapy has shown promise as a treatment option for a variety of lipophilic toxins. Two birds presented for suspected ingestion of a toxic substance. A blue-and-gold macaw () presented after chewing a block of bromethalin rodenticide without overt clinical signs at the time of presentation.

Evaluation of Prothrombin Time and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time in Native and Citrated Whole Blood in Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots () With a Handheld Point-of-Care Analyzer.

Objective assessment of coagulation in birds is difficult, and traditional methods of measuring prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) with the use of mammalian reagents have not been validated in birds. Avian-specific reagents must be prepared from brain extract and are not practical for clinical use. The objective of this investigation was to determine whether the InSight qLabs point-of-care analyzer (Micropoint Biotechnologies Inc, Guangdong, China) could measure PT and aPTT in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots () in native and citrated whole blood, and whether the values obtained correlated with clinical appearance and basic hematologic and biochemical parameters from the bird.

Prevalence and genetic characterization of strains isolated from 31 wild Passeriformes collected in North-Central Oklahoma.

Passerine birds are widely distributed and adapted to various habitats, therefore they are commonly exposed to, and infected with The purpose of our project was to determine the prevalence and genotypes of in 31 different species of passerines collected as mortalities due to window collisions in North-Central Oklahoma. DNA was extracted from breast tissue and subjected to PCR with primers that amplify a portion of the B1 gene. Genotyping was based on a portion of the infected birds based on a multiplex PCR followed by RFLP of 12 markers.