Extended Time Window (>6 Hour) Mechanical Thrombectomy; Good Clinical Outcome in the Younger Age Population in Thrombectomy Cases: Relationship between Age and Prognosis.

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has become increasingly common in recent years, as studies have shown that it can be an effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, the efficacy of MT in the extended time window (6 to 24 h) is still uncertain. Our study aims to evaluate the outcomes of MT in the extended time window for AIS patients.

Navigation Guided Biopsy Is as Effective as Frame-Based Stereotactic Biopsy.

Background: Stereotactic biopsy is a standard procedure for brain biopsy. However, with advances in technology, navigation-guided brain biopsy has become a well-established alternative. Previous studies have shown that frameless stereotactic brain biopsy is as effective and safe as frame-based stereotactic brain biopsy is.

Supratotal Resection of Glioblastoma: Better Survival Outcome than Gross Total Resection.

Objective: Supratotal resection (SupTR) of glioblastoma allows for a superior long-term disease control and increases overall survival. On the other hand, aggressive conventional approaches, including gross total resections (GTR), are limited by the impairment risk of adjacent eloquent areas, which may cause severe postoperative functional morbidity. This study aimed to analyze institutional cases with respect to the potential survival benefits of additional resection, including lobectomy, as a paradigm for SupTR in patients of glioblastoma.

Pedicled frontal periosteal rescue flap via eyebrow incision for skull base reconstruction (SevEN-002).

Purpose: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is one of the major complications after endoscopic endonasal surgery. The reconstructive nasoseptal flap is widely used to repair CSF leakage. However, it could not be utilized in all cases; thus, there was a need for an alternative.

The Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO) Guideline for Antiepileptic Drug Usage of Brain Tumor: Version 2021.1.

Background: To date, there has been no practical guidelines for the prescription of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in brain tumor patients in Korea. Thus, the Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO), a multidisciplinary academic society, had begun preparing guidelines for AED usage in brain tumors since 2019.

Methods: The Working Group was composed of 27 multidisciplinary medical experts in Korea.

The Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO) Guideline for Adult Diffuse Midline Glioma: Version 2021.1.

Background: There have been no guidelines for the management of adult patients with diffuse midline glioma (DMG), H3K27M-mutant in Korea since the 2016 revised WHO classification newly defined this disease entity. Thus, the Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO), a multidisciplinary academic society, had begun preparing guidelines for DMG since 2019.

Methods: The Working Group was composed of 27 multidisciplinary medical experts in Korea.

Temporal Volume Change of Cavernous Sinus Cavernous Hemangiomas after Gamma Knife Surgery.

Cavernous hemangiomas occur very rarely in the cavernous sinus. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) on cavernous sinus cavernous hemangioma (CSCH) and to analyze the temporal volume change. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 26 CSCH patients who were treated with GKS between 2001 and 2017.

Dural Injury in Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Spinal Surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Objectives: Unilateral biportal endoscopic surgery (UBES) is a popular surgical method used to treat degenerative spinal diseases because of its merits, such as reduced tissue damage and outstanding visual capacity. However, dural injury is the most common complication of UBES with an incidence rate of 1.

Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt without Hair Shaving Using Absorbable Suture Materials.

Objective: Infection is one of most devastating complications in ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery. Preoperative hair removal has traditionally been performed to reduce infectious complications. We performed VP shunt surgeries and evaluated the prevalence of infection in patients who were shaved and those who were unshaven.

A National Consensus Survey for Current Practice in Brain Tumor Management III: Brain Metastasis and Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma.

Background: The Guideline Working Group of the Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO) conducted the nationwide questionnaire survey for diverse queries facing to treat patients with brain tumor. As part III of the survey, the aim of this study is to evaluate the national patterns of clinical practice for patients with brain metastasis and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).

Methods: A web-based survey was sent to all members of the KSNO by email.

A National Consensus Survey for Current Practice in Brain Tumor Management II: Diffuse Midline Glioma and Meningioma.

Background: The Guideline Working Group of the Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO) conducted a nationwide questionnaire survey for diverse queries faced in the treatment of brain tumors. As part II of the survey, the aim of this study is to evaluate the national patterns of clinical practice for patients with diffuse midline glioma and meningioma.

Methods: A web-based survey was sent to all members of the KSNO by email.

A National Consensus Survey for Current Practice in Brain Tumor Management I: Antiepileptic Drug and Steroid Usage.

Background: The Guideline Working Group of the Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO) conducted a nationwide questionnaire survey for diverse queries faced in the treatment of brain tumors. As part I of the survey, the aim of this study is to evaluate national patterns of clinical practice about antiepileptic drug (AED) and steroid usage for management of brain tumors.

Methods: A web-based survey was sent to all members of the KSNO by email.

Clinical characteristics of asymptomatic Terson syndrome in the patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Aim: To investigate clinical characteristics of asymptomatic Terson syndrome and its clinical impact in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: This retrospective, interventional study included 31 patients with aneurysmal SAH, and the medical records were reviewed. In addition to baseline characteristics of the study population such as age, sex, and underlying medical history, multi-modal imaging analysis, including fluorescein angiography (FA), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), were also reviewed.

Early Experience of Automated Intraventricular Type Intracranial Pressure Monitoring (LiquoGuard®) for Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patients.

Objective: The LiquoGuard® system is a new ventricular-type monitoring device that facilitates intracranial pressure (ICP)-controlled or volume-controlled drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The purpose of this study is to report the authors' experience with the LiquoGuard® ICP monitoring system, as well as the clinical safety, usefulness, and limitations of this device in the management of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: Intraventricular ICP monitoring was performed on 10 patients with TBI using the LiquoGuard® monitoring system.

Pediatric giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath of the craniocervical junction involving the occipital condyle.

Introduction: Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS), also called pigmented villonodular synovitis, is a common lesion of the synovial membrane of the hand joint, but it uncommonly involves the axial skeleton, especially in pediatric populations. Furthermore, GCTTS originating from the occipital condyle has not been reported previously.

Case Report: A 15-year-old girl presented with a palpable neck mass for 1 year, and imaging studies revealed a less demarcated and heterogeneously enhanced mass in the suboccipital region.

Clinical experience of glioma surgery using "tailed bullet": overcoming the limitations of conventional neuro-navigation guided surgery.

Purpose: Although conventional neuro-navigation is a useful tool for image-guided glioma surgery, there are some limitations, such as brain shift. We introduced our methods using an identifiable marker, a "tailed bullet", to overcome the limitation of conventional neuro-navigation. A tailed bullet is an identifiable tumor location marker that determines the extent of a resection and we have introduced our technique and reviewed the clinical results.

Neurosurgery concepts: Key perspectives on dendritic cell vaccines, metastatic tumor treatment, and radiosurgery.

Background: This is a laboratory study to investigate the effect of adding brain-derived-neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-g-poly (ethylene glycol) scaffold and its effect on spinal cord injury in a rat model.

Methods: This is a laboratory investigation of a spinal cord injury in a rat model. A dorsolateral funiculotomy was used to disrupt the dorsolateral funiculus and rubrospinal tract.

The Effectiveness Evaluation of Helicopter Ambulance Transport among Neurotrauma Patients in Korea.

Objective: Helicopter ambulance transport (HAT) is a highly resource-intensive facility that is a well-established part of the trauma transport system in many developed countries. Here, we review the benefit of HAT for neurosurgical patients in Korea.

Methods: This retrospective study followed neurotrauma patients who were transferred by HAT to a single emergency trauma center over a period of 2 years.

Outcomes of Ultra-Early Decompressive Craniectomy after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury-Treatment Outcomes after Severe TBI.

Objective: The beneficial effect of decompressive craniectomy in the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is controversial, but there is no debate that decompression should be performed before irreversible neurological deficit occurs. The aim of our study was to assess the value of ultra-early decompressive craniectomy in patients with severe TBI.

Methods: Total of 127 patients who underwent decompressive craniectomy from January 2007 to December 2013 was included in this study.

Clinical use of diffusion tensor image-merged functional neuronavigation for brain tumor surgeries: review of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data for 123 cases.

Purpose: To achieve maximal safe resection during brain tumor surgery, functional image-merged neuronavigation is widely used. We retrospectively reviewed our cases in which diffusion tensor image (DTI)-merged functional neuronavigation was performed during surgery.

Materials And Methods: Between November 2008 and May 2010, 123 patients underwent surgery utilizing DTI-merged neuronavigation.

Incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder after a mild traumatic brain injury: preliminary investigation using the brief neuropsychological screening test.

Objective: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a group of diseases that are observed in patients who had experienced a serious trauma or accident. However, some experienced it even after only a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), and they are easily ignored due to the relatively favorable course of mild TBI. Herein, the authors investigated the incidence of PTSD in mild TBI using brief neuropsychological screening test (PTSD checklist, PCL).